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AgentCompany/builtin-skills/software-engineer/clean-architecture/references/usecase-explicit-dependencies.md
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ZacharyZhang-NY e74dafcd36 Silence render-disposed spam, unbreak bundled skills, drop board wake
Three independently ugly bugs that all fed the same log flood:

* Electron's `WebFrameMain.send` writes every "Render frame was disposed"
  to stderr via `console.error`. When the worker fans a second
  agent-event past a reloading renderer, we produced thousands of
  identical lines and stalled the main loop on stderr I/O. Added a
  `mainFrame.detached` guard so the send is short-circuited before
  Electron's own catch block fires, and installed a targeted filter in
  `suppress-warnings.ts` (now actually imported from the entry point)
  so the specific `console.error("Error sending from webFrameMain:"…)`
  noise never reaches the terminal. Any other payload still surfaces.

* `dispatchAgentMessage` accepted the human-reader sentinel as a wake
  target when an agent replied to `__board__` — `wakeAgentIfPossible`
  then called `db.getAgent("__board__")`, threw, and the dispatcher
  kept repeating on every send. Strip `HUMAN_SENDER_ID` at
  `resolveMessageWakeTargets`, and keep a defense-in-depth guard in the
  heartbeat so a stray caller (future automation fan-out) cannot
  reintroduce the crash.

* Pi's skills loader rejects any SKILL.md whose frontmatter `name`
  diverges from its parent directory. The four bundled `my-writing-style`
  copies declared `name: writing-style-skill`, so every install emitted
  a warning and dropped the skill. They also lived as orphan gitlinks
  (mode 160000 without .gitmodules), and the global `*.md` gitignore
  hid every other SKILL.md from version control. Fixed the frontmatter
  to match the dir, converted the dangling submodules to plain trees,
  and allowlisted `builtin-skills/**/*.md` so a fresh clone carries the
  catalogue instead of silently losing it.
2026-04-20 08:13:48 -04:00

3.2 KiB

title, impact, impactDescription, tags
title impact impactDescription tags
Declare All Dependencies Explicitly in Constructor HIGH enables testing, documents requirements, prevents hidden coupling usecase, dependencies, constructor, injection

Declare All Dependencies Explicitly in Constructor

Use cases should receive all dependencies through their constructor. Hidden dependencies (service locators, singletons, static calls) make testing difficult and hide coupling.

Incorrect (hidden dependencies):

public class PlaceOrderUseCase {
    public OrderConfirmation execute(PlaceOrderCommand command) {
        // Hidden dependencies - impossible to test or trace
        var customer = CustomerRepository.getInstance().find(command.customerId());
        var inventory = InventoryService.getInventory();

        for (var item : command.items()) {
            if (!inventory.isAvailable(item)) {
                throw new OutOfStockException(item);
            }
        }

        var order = new Order(customer, command.items());

        // More hidden dependencies
        Database.getConnection().save(order);
        EmailService.send(customer.email(), "Order placed");
        EventBus.publish(new OrderPlacedEvent(order));

        return new OrderConfirmation(order.id());
    }
}

// Testing requires mocking static methods - complex and brittle

Correct (explicit constructor dependencies):

public class PlaceOrderUseCase {
    private final CustomerRepository customers;
    private final InventoryChecker inventory;
    private final OrderRepository orders;
    private final NotificationPort notifications;
    private final EventPublisher events;

    public PlaceOrderUseCase(
        CustomerRepository customers,
        InventoryChecker inventory,
        OrderRepository orders,
        NotificationPort notifications,
        EventPublisher events
    ) {
        this.customers = customers;
        this.inventory = inventory;
        this.orders = orders;
        this.notifications = notifications;
        this.events = events;
    }

    public OrderConfirmation execute(PlaceOrderCommand command) {
        var customer = customers.find(command.customerId());

        for (var item : command.items()) {
            if (!inventory.isAvailable(item)) {
                throw new OutOfStockException(item);
            }
        }

        var order = new Order(customer, command.items());
        orders.save(order);

        notifications.orderPlaced(customer, order);
        events.publish(new OrderPlacedEvent(order));

        return new OrderConfirmation(order.id());
    }
}

// Testing is straightforward
@Test
void placesOrderWhenInventoryAvailable() {
    var customers = mock(CustomerRepository.class);
    var inventory = mock(InventoryChecker.class);
    var orders = mock(OrderRepository.class);
    // ... configure mocks

    var useCase = new PlaceOrderUseCase(customers, inventory, orders, ...);
    var result = useCase.execute(command);

    verify(orders).save(any(Order.class));
}

Benefits:

  • Dependencies visible in constructor signature
  • Tests substitute any dependency with test doubles
  • Coupling is explicit and measurable

Reference: Dependency Injection Principles