T13: push display scale factor into Servo's hidpi so Retina pages lay out at logical CSS dimensions

crates/ely_app/src/services/servo_live.rs

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ impl ServoLiveClient {
             width: request.width,
             height: request.height,
             page_zoom_percent: request.page_zoom_percent,
+            device_pixel_ratio: request.device_pixel_ratio,
             scroll_delta_x: request.scroll_delta_x,
             scroll_delta_y: request.scroll_delta_y,
             click_x: request.click_x,
@@ -212,6 +213,11 @@ pub(crate) struct ServoLiveEnsureRequest {
     pub(crate) width: u32,
     pub(crate) height: u32,
     pub(crate) page_zoom_percent: u16,
+    /// Display scale factor (1.0 standard, 2.0 Retina). Servo's
+    /// WebView lays out CSS pixels = device pixels / hidpi factor;
+    /// without this, a Retina viewport gets desktop-CSS-pixel layout
+    /// and every visible element renders at half its expected size.
+    pub(crate) device_pixel_ratio: f32,
     pub(crate) scroll_delta_x: i32,
     pub(crate) scroll_delta_y: i32,
     pub(crate) click_x: Option<u32>,
@@ -401,6 +407,7 @@ enum LiveRequest {
         width: u32,
         height: u32,
         page_zoom_percent: u16,
+        device_pixel_ratio: f32,
         scroll_delta_x: i32,
         scroll_delta_y: i32,
         click_x: Option<u32>,

crates/ely_app/src/shell/web_surface_geometry.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ use gpui::{Bounds, Pixels, Point};
 pub(super) struct WebSurfaceSize {
     pub(super) width: u32,
     pub(super) height: u32,
+    /// Encoded as percent × 1 (e.g. 100 = 1.0 DPR, 200 = 2.0 DPR on
+    /// Retina). u16 instead of f32 so the struct keeps `Eq` —
+    /// `WebSurfaceSession::started_loading` compares sizes by value
+    /// and a float wouldn't compose with that. Convert to/from f32
+    /// at the wire boundary via `device_pixel_ratio_f32`.
+    pub(super) device_pixel_ratio_percent: u16,
 }
 
 impl WebSurfaceSize {
@@ -11,8 +17,25 @@ impl WebSurfaceSize {
         Some(Self {
             width: viewport_dimension(bounds.size.width, scale_factor)?,
             height: viewport_dimension(bounds.size.height, scale_factor)?,
+            device_pixel_ratio_percent: encode_scale_factor(scale_factor),
         })
     }
+
+    pub(super) fn device_pixel_ratio_f32(&self) -> f32 {
+        f32::from(self.device_pixel_ratio_percent) / 100.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// Round `scale_factor` to the nearest whole percent and clamp into a
+/// sane range. macOS reports 1.0 / 2.0 typically, fractional values
+/// (1.25 / 1.5 / 1.75) show up on Windows / mixed-DPI setups. The
+/// clamp guards against `inf`/`nan` from a misbehaving platform.
+fn encode_scale_factor(scale_factor: f32) -> u16 {
+    if !scale_factor.is_finite() || scale_factor <= 0.0 {
+        return 100;
+    }
+    let scaled = (scale_factor * 100.0).round();
+    scaled.clamp(50.0, 500.0) as u16
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]

crates/ely_app/src/shell/web_surface_runtime.rs

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ impl WebSurfaceRuntime {
                 width: size.width,
                 height: size.height,
                 page_zoom_percent: zoom_percent,
+                device_pixel_ratio: size.device_pixel_ratio_f32(),
                 scroll_delta_x: input.scroll_delta.map_or(0, |delta| delta.x()),
                 scroll_delta_y: input.scroll_delta.map_or(0, |delta| delta.y()),
                 click_x: input.click_point.map(|point| point.x()),

crates/ely_servo_host/Cargo.toml

@@ -7,10 +7,9 @@ rust-version.workspace = true
 
 [features]
 default = []
-servo-engine = ["dep:dpi", "dep:serde", "dep:serde_json", "dep:servo", "dep:url"]
+servo-engine = ["dep:dpi", "dep:euclid", "dep:serde", "dep:serde_json", "dep:servo", "dep:url"]
 hardware-render = [
     "servo-engine",
-    "dep:euclid",
     "dep:gleam",
     "dep:glow",
     "dep:image",

crates/ely_servo_host/src/bin/ely_servo_sidecar/live.rs

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ fn handle_request(
             width,
             height,
             page_zoom_percent,
+            device_pixel_ratio,
             scroll_delta_x,
             scroll_delta_y,
             click_x,
@@ -114,7 +115,14 @@ fn handle_request(
             let session =
                 ensure_session(host, sessions, tab_id.clone(), &tab, &profile, width, height)?;
 
-            if apply_layout(host, session, width, height, page_zoom_percent)? {
+            if apply_layout(
+                host,
+                session,
+                width,
+                height,
+                page_zoom_percent,
+                device_pixel_ratio,
+            )? {
                 session.awaiting_visible_frame = true;
             }
             apply_permissions(host, session, &profile, site_permissions)?;
@@ -305,8 +313,26 @@ fn apply_layout(
     width: u32,
     height: u32,
     page_zoom_percent: u16,
+    device_pixel_ratio: f32,
 ) -> Result<bool, LiveSidecarError> {
     let mut changed = false;
+    // Push the device pixel ratio BEFORE resize. Servo's WebView
+    // defaults hidpi to 1.0; without this the first layout treats
+    // physical-pixel viewport widths as CSS-pixel widths and the page
+    // lays out half the size you'd expect on a Retina display. The
+    // sidecar-side `LiveSession::hidpi_scale_milli` keeps a u32 of
+    // (scale × 1000) so f32 jitter from JSON parsing doesn't churn
+    // the setter every frame.
+    let hidpi_scale_milli = encode_hidpi_scale_milli(device_pixel_ratio);
+    if session.hidpi_scale_milli != hidpi_scale_milli {
+        host.set_hidpi_scale(ely_servo_host::HidpiScaleRequest {
+            webview_id: session.webview_id.clone(),
+            scale_factor: hidpi_scale_milli_to_f32(hidpi_scale_milli),
+        })?;
+        session.hidpi_scale_milli = hidpi_scale_milli;
+        changed = true;
+    }
+
     if session.width != width || session.height != height {
         host.resize(ResizeRequest { webview_id: session.webview_id.clone(), width, height })?;
         session.width = width;
@@ -326,6 +352,18 @@ fn apply_layout(
     Ok(changed)
 }
 
+fn encode_hidpi_scale_milli(scale: f32) -> u32 {
+    if !scale.is_finite() || scale <= 0.0 {
+        return 1_000;
+    }
+    let scaled = (scale * 1_000.0).round();
+    scaled.clamp(500.0, 5_000.0) as u32
+}
+
+fn hidpi_scale_milli_to_f32(milli: u32) -> f32 {
+    milli as f32 / 1_000.0
+}
+
 fn apply_permissions(
     host: &mut SoftwareServoHost,
     session: &LiveSession,
@@ -474,6 +512,11 @@ struct LiveSession {
     width: u32,
     height: u32,
     page_zoom_percent: u16,
+    /// Last hidpi factor pushed to Servo, encoded as `(scale × 1000)`.
+    /// Stored as a u32 so equality is cheap and stable across the
+    /// f32 jitter that JSON parsing can introduce. Init to 0 so the
+    /// first apply_layout call always pushes a real value.
+    hidpi_scale_milli: u32,
     scroll_x: i32,
     scroll_y: i32,
     awaiting_visible_frame: bool,
@@ -497,6 +540,7 @@ impl LiveSession {
             width: width.max(1),
             height: height.max(1),
             page_zoom_percent: DEFAULT_ZOOM_PERCENT,
+            hidpi_scale_milli: 0,
             scroll_x: 0,
             scroll_y: 0,
             awaiting_visible_frame: false,

crates/ely_servo_host/src/bin/ely_servo_sidecar/live_protocol.rs

@@ -19,6 +19,14 @@ pub(super) enum LiveRequest {
         width: u32,
         height: u32,
         page_zoom_percent: u16,
+        /// Display scale factor reported by the host's window
+        /// (1.0 standard, 2.0 Retina). The sidecar plumbs this into
+        /// Servo's `WebView::set_hidpi_scale_factor` so CSS layout
+        /// happens at logical-pixel dimensions instead of physical.
+        /// Defaults to 1.0 for backward compatibility if a client
+        /// (e.g. the live perf bench) omits the field.
+        #[serde(default = "default_device_pixel_ratio")]
+        device_pixel_ratio: f32,
         scroll_delta_x: i32,
         scroll_delta_y: i32,
         click_x: Option<u32>,
@@ -35,6 +43,10 @@ pub(super) enum LiveRequest {
     },
 }
 
+fn default_device_pixel_ratio() -> f32 {
+    1.0
+}
+
 #[derive(Deserialize)]
 pub(super) struct LiveSitePermission {
     pub origin: String,

crates/ely_servo_host/src/host.rs

@@ -235,6 +235,17 @@ pub struct PageZoomRequest {
     pub zoom_factor: f32,
 }
 
+/// Set the WebView's hidpi (device → CSS pixel) scale. Servo's
+/// builder defaults this to 1.0; on Retina hosts that produces
+/// half-size layout because the page treats physical pixels as CSS
+/// pixels. The embedder should mirror the platform's reported scale
+/// factor on every viewport-bound change.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+pub struct HidpiScaleRequest {
+    pub webview_id: WebViewId,
+    pub scale_factor: f32,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct MouseClickRequest {
     pub webview_id: WebViewId,
@@ -316,6 +327,8 @@ pub trait ServoHost {
 
     fn set_page_zoom(&mut self, request: PageZoomRequest) -> Result<(), ServoHostError>;
 
+    fn set_hidpi_scale(&mut self, request: HidpiScaleRequest) -> Result<(), ServoHostError>;
+
     fn click(&mut self, request: MouseClickRequest) -> Result<(), ServoHostError>;
 
     fn hover(&mut self, request: MouseHoverRequest) -> Result<(), ServoHostError>;

crates/ely_servo_host/src/lib.rs

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ pub use error::ServoHostError;
 pub use hardware_rendering_context::HardwareOffscreenContext;
 pub use iosurface_handle::{IOSurfaceHandle, IOSurfaceIdentity};
 pub use host::{
-    KeyboardTextRequest, MouseClickRequest, MouseDragRequest, MouseHoverRequest,
-    NavigationRequest, PageZoomRequest, PermissionDecision, PermissionRequest, RenderedFrame,
-    RenderedFrameSummary, ResizeRequest, ScreenshotRequest, ScrollRequest, ServoHost,
-    TouchTapRequest, WebViewSnapshot, WebViewState,
+    HidpiScaleRequest, KeyboardTextRequest, MouseClickRequest, MouseDragRequest,
+    MouseHoverRequest, NavigationRequest, PageZoomRequest, PermissionDecision, PermissionRequest,
+    RenderedFrame, RenderedFrameSummary, ResizeRequest, ScreenshotRequest, ScrollRequest,
+    ServoHost, TouchTapRequest, WebViewSnapshot, WebViewState,
 };
 #[cfg(feature = "servo-engine")]
 pub use runtime::{RenderingContextKind, ServoSurfaceSize, SoftwareServoHost};

crates/ely_servo_host/src/runtime.rs

@@ -13,17 +13,33 @@ use std::{
 
 use dpi::PhysicalSize;
 use ely_domain::{ProfileId, TabId, WebViewId};
+use euclid::Scale;
 use servo::{
-    DeviceIntPoint, DeviceIntRect, DeviceIntSize, DevicePoint, DeviceVector2D, Opts,
-    RenderingContext, Scroll, Servo, ServoBuilder, WebViewBuilder, WebViewPoint, WebViewVector,
+    DeviceIndependentPixel, DeviceIntPoint, DeviceIntRect, DeviceIntSize, DevicePixel,
+    DevicePoint, DeviceVector2D, Opts, RenderingContext, Scroll, Servo, ServoBuilder,
+    WebViewBuilder, WebViewPoint, WebViewVector,
 };
+
+/// Wrap an `f32` scale factor in Servo's typed `Scale<f32, DeviceIndependentPixel,
+/// DevicePixel>`. The clamp guards against `NaN`/`inf` reaching Servo's
+/// layout (which assumes a positive finite scale).
+fn hidpi_scale_from_factor(
+    scale_factor: f32,
+) -> Scale<f32, DeviceIndependentPixel, DevicePixel> {
+    let safe = if scale_factor.is_finite() && scale_factor > 0.0 {
+        scale_factor.clamp(0.5, 5.0)
+    } else {
+        1.0
+    };
+    Scale::new(safe)
+}
 use url::Url;
 
 use crate::{
-    KeyboardTextRequest, MouseClickRequest, MouseDragRequest, MouseHoverRequest,
-    NavigationRequest, PageZoomRequest, PermissionDecision, PermissionRequest, RenderedFrame,
-    ResizeRequest, ScreenshotRequest, ScrollRequest, ServoHost, ServoHostError, TouchTapRequest,
-    WebViewSnapshot, WebViewState,
+    HidpiScaleRequest, KeyboardTextRequest, MouseClickRequest, MouseDragRequest,
+    MouseHoverRequest, NavigationRequest, PageZoomRequest, PermissionDecision, PermissionRequest,
+    RenderedFrame, ResizeRequest, ScreenshotRequest, ScrollRequest, ServoHost, ServoHostError,
+    TouchTapRequest, WebViewSnapshot, WebViewState,
     runtime_input::{
         send_keyboard_text, send_mouse_click, send_mouse_drag, send_mouse_hover, send_touch_tap,
     },
@@ -254,6 +270,17 @@ impl ServoHost for SoftwareServoHost {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    fn set_hidpi_scale(&mut self, request: HidpiScaleRequest) -> Result<(), ServoHostError> {
+        let webview = self
+            .webviews
+            .get(&request.webview_id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| ServoHostError::WebViewNotFound { id: request.webview_id.clone() })?;
+
+        let scale = hidpi_scale_from_factor(request.scale_factor);
+        webview.webview.set_hidpi_scale_factor(scale);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     fn hover(&mut self, request: MouseHoverRequest) -> Result<(), ServoHostError> {
         let webview = self.webview_for_input(&request.webview_id)?;
         send_mouse_hover(&webview.webview, request.x, request.y);