Filter › Dither, as Compositor 1.3.3 (12.15)
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#include "Document/Dither.h"
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#include "Document/BrushStroke.h"
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#include "IO/ImageExporter.h"
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#include <QPainter>
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#include <QPainterPath>
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#include <QTextBoundaryFinder>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <cmath>
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#include <set>
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extern "C" {
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#include "DitherPixels.h"
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}
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// Swift's Dither.swift: the settings, the chunky pixels, the glyphs.
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namespace {
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// Swift's Characters: the text's graphemes.
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QStringList graphemes(const QString &text)
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{
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QStringList found;
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QTextBoundaryFinder finder(QTextBoundaryFinder::Grapheme, text);
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qsizetype start = 0;
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while (finder.toNextBoundary() >= 0) {
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found << text.mid(start, finder.position() - start);
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start = finder.position();
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}
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return found;
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}
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// Swift's Character.isNewline.
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bool isNewline(const QString &grapheme)
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{
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static const QString breaks = QStringLiteral("\n\r\u000B\u000C\u0085
");
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return grapheme == QStringLiteral("\r\n") || (grapheme.size() == 1 && breaks.contains(grapheme.front()));
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}
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std::array<uint8_t, 3> bytes(const AdjustmentColor &color)
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{
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return {uint8_t(std::lround(color.red * 255)), uint8_t(std::lround(color.green * 255)), uint8_t(std::lround(color.blue * 255))};
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}
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}
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QString rawValue(DitherStyle style)
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{
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switch (style) {
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case DitherStyle::atkinson: return QStringLiteral("Atkinson (Classic Mac)");
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case DitherStyle::floydSteinberg: return QStringLiteral("Floyd–Steinberg");
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case DitherStyle::bayer2: return QStringLiteral("Bayer 2 × 2");
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case DitherStyle::bayer4: return QStringLiteral("Bayer 4 × 4");
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case DitherStyle::bayer8: return QStringLiteral("Bayer 8 × 8");
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case DitherStyle::dots: return QStringLiteral("Halftone Dots");
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case DitherStyle::lines: return QStringLiteral("Halftone Lines");
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case DitherStyle::diamonds: return QStringLiteral("Halftone Diamonds");
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case DitherStyle::patterns: return QStringLiteral("Mac Patterns");
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case DitherStyle::ascii: return QStringLiteral("ASCII");
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}
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throw std::logic_error("unknown dither style");
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}
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int ditherGroup(DitherStyle style)
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{
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const int index = int(style);
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return index < 2 ? 0 : index < 5 ? 1 : index < 8 ? 2 : 3;
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}
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bool diffuses(DitherStyle style)
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{
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return ditherGroup(style) == 0;
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}
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bool hasTones(DitherStyle style)
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{
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return ditherGroup(style) < 2;
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}
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bool isHalftone(DitherStyle style)
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{
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return ditherGroup(style) == 2;
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}
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bool drawsMarks(DitherStyle style)
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{
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return !hasTones(style);
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}
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QString rawValue(DitherPixelShape shape)
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{
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return shape == DitherPixelShape::square ? QStringLiteral("Square") : QStringLiteral("Dot");
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}
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QString rawValue(DitherColors colors)
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{
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switch (colors) {
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case DitherColors::blackWhite: return QStringLiteral("Black & White");
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case DitherColors::twoColors: return QStringLiteral("Two Colors");
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case DitherColors::original: return QStringLiteral("Original");
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}
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throw std::logic_error("unknown dither colours");
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}
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DitherSettings DitherSettings::normalized() const
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{
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using ImageAdjustmentPixels::clamp;
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DitherSettings result = *this;
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result.pixelSize = std::round(clamp(pixelSize, pixelSizeLow, pixelSizeHigh, 2));
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result.cellSize = std::round(clamp(cellSize, cellSizeLow, cellSizeHigh, 8));
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result.angle = clamp(angle, -90, 90, 45);
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result.levels = std::round(clamp(levels, levelsLow, levelsHigh, 2));
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result.diffusion = clamp(diffusion, 0, 100, 100);
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result.density = clamp(density, -100, 100, 0);
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result.contrast = clamp(contrast, -100, 100, 0);
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result.dark = dark.clamped();
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result.light = light.clamped();
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// Line breaks go; 64 characters at most.
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QStringList kept;
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for (const QString &grapheme : graphemes(characters)) {
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if (!isNewline(grapheme) && kept.size() < 64)
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kept << grapheme;
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}
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result.characters = kept.join(QString());
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return result;
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}
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QImage DitherSettings::apply(const QImage &image) const
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{
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const DitherSettings settings = normalized();
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const int block = int(settings.pixelSize);
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const QImage source = image.convertToFormat(QImage::Format_RGBA8888_Premultiplied);
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if (source.isNull())
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throw ExportError(ExportError::Kind::render);
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const int width = source.width(), height = source.height();
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QImage working = source;
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if (block > 1) {
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// Chunky pixels: each block's area averaged, then dithered small.
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working = BrushRaster::context((width + block - 1) / block, (height + block - 1) / block, false);
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const int area = block * block;
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for (int y = 0; y < working.height(); ++y) {
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uchar *out = working.scanLine(y);
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for (int x = 0; x < working.width(); ++x) {
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std::array<int, 4> sum{};
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for (int sy = y * block; sy < std::min(height, (y + 1) * block); ++sy) {
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const uchar *row = source.constScanLine(sy);
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for (int sx = x * block; sx < std::min(width, (x + 1) * block); ++sx) {
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for (int channel = 0; channel < 4; ++channel)
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sum[size_t(channel)] += row[sx * 4 + channel];
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}
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}
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for (int channel = 0; channel < 4; ++channel)
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out[x * 4 + channel] = uchar((sum[size_t(channel)] + area / 2) / area);
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}
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}
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}
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const QImage dithered = settings.dither(working);
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if (block <= 1)
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return dithered;
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// Blown back up without smoothing.
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QImage full = BrushRaster::context(width, height, false);
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for (int y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
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const uchar *row = dithered.constScanLine(y / block);
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uchar *out = full.scanLine(y);
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for (int x = 0; x < width; ++x)
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std::copy_n(row + (x / block) * 4, 4, out + x * 4);
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}
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if (settings.pixelShape == DitherPixelShape::dot) {
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// The gaps are the dark colour: black, or picked.
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const std::array<uint8_t, 3> gap = settings.colors == DitherColors::twoColors ? bytes(settings.dark) : std::array<uint8_t, 3>{0, 0, 0};
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dither_dots(full.bits(), size_t(width), size_t(height), size_t(full.bytesPerLine()), block, gap.data());
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}
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return full;
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}
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QImage DitherSettings::dither(const QImage &image) const
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{
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const int cell = int(cellSize);
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const Glyphs glyphs = style == DitherStyle::ascii ? DitherSettings::glyphs(characters.isEmpty() ? defaultCharacters() : characters, cell) : Glyphs();
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const bool two = colors == DitherColors::twoColors;
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const std::array<uint8_t, 3> darkColor = two ? bytes(dark) : std::array<uint8_t, 3>{0, 0, 0};
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const std::array<uint8_t, 3> lightColor = two ? bytes(light) : std::array<uint8_t, 3>{255, 255, 255};
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bool failed = false;
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const QImage result = ImageAdjustmentPixels::run(image, [&](uchar *pixels, int width, int height, qsizetype stride) {
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DitherParams params{.style = int(style), .levels = int(levels), .diffusion = float(diffusion / 100), .density = float(density / 100),
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.contrast = float(contrast / 100), .cell = cell, .angle = float(angle * M_PI / 180), .lightOnDark = lightOnDark ? 1 : 0,
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.originalColors = colors == DitherColors::original ? 1 : 0, .dark = {darkColor[0], darkColor[1], darkColor[2]},
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.light = {lightColor[0], lightColor[1], lightColor[2]}, .glyphs = glyphs.maps.data(),
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.glyphCoverage = glyphs.coverage.data(), .glyphCount = int(glyphs.coverage.size())};
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failed = dither_apply(pixels, size_t(width), size_t(height), size_t(stride), ¶ms) == 0;
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});
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if (failed)
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throw ExportError(ExportError::Kind::render);
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return result;
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}
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DitherSettings::Glyphs DitherSettings::glyphs(const QString &characters, int cell)
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{
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// Swift's bold system monospace, at a whole pixel size.
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QFont font(QStringLiteral("monospace"));
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font.setWeight(QFont::Bold);
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font.setPixelSize(std::max(1, int(std::lround(cell * 1.15))));
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std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<uint8_t>, float>> drawn;
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// Swift's Set<Character>: canonically equivalent graphemes are one.
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std::set<QString> seen;
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for (const QString &character : graphemes(characters)) {
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if (!seen.insert(character.normalized(QString::NormalizationForm_C)).second)
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continue;
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QImage map(cell, cell, QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
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if (map.isNull())
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throw ExportError(ExportError::Kind::render);
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map.fill(0);
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QPainterPath path;
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path.addText(0, 0, font, character);
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// Overlapping outlines stay inked, as text rendering fills them.
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path.setFillRule(Qt::WindingFill);
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const QRectF bounds = path.boundingRect();
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{
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// Centred on its ink, as CTLineGetImageBounds centres it.
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QPainter painter(&map);
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painter.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
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painter.translate((cell - bounds.width()) / 2 - bounds.left(), (cell - bounds.height()) / 2 - bounds.top());
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painter.fillPath(path, Qt::white);
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}
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std::vector<uint8_t> bytes(size_t(cell * cell));
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long sum = 0;
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for (int y = 0; y < cell; ++y) {
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std::copy_n(map.constScanLine(y), cell, bytes.begin() + y * cell);
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for (int x = 0; x < cell; ++x)
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sum += map.constScanLine(y)[x];
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}
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drawn.emplace_back(std::move(bytes), float(sum) / float(255 * cell * cell));
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}
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std::stable_sort(drawn.begin(), drawn.end(), [](const auto &a, const auto &b) { return a.second < b.second; });
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Glyphs result;
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for (const auto &[map, coverage] : drawn) {
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result.maps.insert(result.maps.end(), map.begin(), map.end());
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result.coverage.push_back(coverage);
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}
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return result;
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}
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