diff --git a/migrations/1791470456.sh b/migrations/1791470456.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5213458c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/1791470456.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+echo "Repair background selections after bundled images moved to WebP"
+
+theme_webp_source() {
+  local theme="$1"
+  local background="$2"
+  local original_name=${background##*/}
+  local replacement_name="${original_name%.*}.webp"
+  local user_theme_backgrounds="$HOME/.config/omarchy/themes/$theme/backgrounds"
+  local bundled_theme_backgrounds="$OMARCHY_PATH/themes/$theme/backgrounds"
+
+  if [[ -f $user_theme_backgrounds/$original_name || -f $bundled_theme_backgrounds/$original_name ]]; then
+    return 1
+  elif [[ -f $user_theme_backgrounds/$replacement_name ]]; then
+    printf '%s\n' "$user_theme_backgrounds/$replacement_name"
+  elif [[ -f $bundled_theme_backgrounds/$replacement_name ]]; then
+    printf '%s\n' "$bundled_theme_backgrounds/$replacement_name"
+  else
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+replacement_webp() {
+  local background="$1"
+  local theme="${2:-}"
+  local replacement
+
+  case ${background,,} in
+  *.jpg | *.jpeg | *.png) replacement="${background%.*}.webp" ;;
+  *) return 1 ;;
+  esac
+
+  if [[ -n $theme && ${background%/*} == "$HOME/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme/backgrounds" ]]; then
+    theme_webp_source "$theme" "$background" >/dev/null || return 1
+    printf '%s\n' "$replacement"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  [[ ! -e $background && -f $replacement ]] || return 1
+  printf '%s\n' "$replacement"
+}
+
+current_dir="$HOME/.local/state/omarchy/current"
+current_background="$current_dir/background"
+if [[ -L $current_background ]]; then
+  active_theme=$(cat "$current_dir/theme.name" 2>/dev/null || true)
+  background=$(readlink "$current_background")
+  if replacement=$(replacement_webp "$background" "$active_theme"); then
+    if [[ ! -f $replacement ]]; then
+      source=$(theme_webp_source "$active_theme" "$background")
+      cp "$source" "$replacement"
+    fi
+    ln -sfn "$replacement" "$current_background"
+    omarchy-shell -q background set "$replacement"
+  fi
+fi
+
+for state_file in "$HOME/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/"*; do
+  [[ -f $state_file ]] || continue
+
+  background=$(<"$state_file")
+  if replacement=$(replacement_webp "$background" "${state_file##*/}"); then
+    printf '%s\n' "$replacement" >"$state_file"
+  fi
+done
diff --git a/test/shell.d/webp-background-migration-test.sh b/test/shell.d/webp-background-migration-test.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1d98eba3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/shell.d/webp-background-migration-test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+source "$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)/base-test.sh"
+
+test_dir=$(mktemp -d)
+trap 'rm -rf "$test_dir"' EXIT
+home="$test_dir/home"
+migration="$ROOT/migrations/1791470456.sh"
+mkdir -p "$test_dir/bin"
+call_log="$test_dir/shell-calls"
+cat >"$test_dir/bin/omarchy-shell" <<'SH'
+#!/bin/bash
+printf '%s\n' "$*" >>"$CALL_LOG"
+SH
+chmod +x "$test_dir/bin/omarchy-shell"
+
+reset_home() {
+  rm -rf "$home"
+  mkdir -p "$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme/backgrounds" "$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds"
+  : >"$call_log"
+}
+
+run_migration() {
+  HOME="$home" OMARCHY_PATH="$ROOT" CALL_LOG="$call_log" PATH="$test_dir/bin:$PATH" \
+    bash -euo pipefail "$migration" >"$test_dir/output"
+}
+
+backgrounds="$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme/backgrounds"
+current="$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/background"
+remembered="$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/tokyo-night"
+remembered_png="$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/catppuccin"
+
+reset_home
+touch "$backgrounds/current.webp"
+ln -s "$backgrounds/current.jpg" "$current"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.jpg" >"$remembered"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/omarchy.png" >"$remembered_png"
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/current.webp" ]] || fail "the current background moves from the removed JPEG to its WebP replacement"
+[[ $(<"$call_log") == "-q background set $backgrounds/current.webp" ]] || fail "the running shell is told about the repaired current background"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp" ]] || fail "an inactive theme's remembered JPEG moves to its bundled WebP replacement"
+[[ $(<"$remembered_png") == "$backgrounds/omarchy.webp" ]] || fail "an inactive theme's remembered PNG moves to its bundled WebP replacement"
+pass "converted bundled backgrounds keep their current and remembered selections"
+
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/current.webp" ]] || fail "the repair can be rerun"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp" ]] || fail "the remembered JPEG repair can be rerun"
+[[ $(<"$remembered_png") == "$backgrounds/omarchy.webp" ]] || fail "the remembered PNG repair can be rerun"
+pass "the background repair is idempotent"
+
+reset_home
+touch "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" "$backgrounds/kept.webp"
+ln -s "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" "$current"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" >"$remembered"
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" ]] || fail "an existing JPEG background is preserved"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" ]] || fail "an existing remembered JPEG is preserved"
+pass "existing backgrounds are not replaced just because a WebP shares their stem"
+
+reset_home
+ln -s "$backgrounds/missing.jpeg" "$current"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/missing.png" >"$remembered"
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/missing.jpeg" ]] || fail "a dangling selection without an exact WebP replacement is preserved"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/missing.png" ]] || fail "a dangling remembered selection without an exact WebP replacement is preserved"
+pass "unrelated dangling background paths are left alone"
+
+reset_home
+mkdir -p "$home/.config/omarchy/themes/custom/backgrounds"
+touch "$backgrounds/cover.webp" "$home/.config/omarchy/themes/custom/backgrounds/cover.jpg"
+custom_remembered="$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/custom"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/cover.jpg" >"$custom_remembered"
+run_migration
+[[ $(<"$custom_remembered") == "$backgrounds/cover.jpg" ]] || fail "an inactive custom theme's existing JPEG is not confused with the active theme's WebP"
+pass "remembered selections are checked against their named theme"
+
+reset_home
+touch "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.jpg"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.jpg" >"$remembered"
+run_migration
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp" ]] || fail "an active-theme filename collision does not hide an inactive theme's WebP replacement"
+pass "active theme files do not control inactive remembered repairs"
+
+reset_home
+printf 'tokyo-night\n' >"$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme.name"
+touch "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.jpg"
+ln -s "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.jpg" "$current"
+run_migration
+[[ -f $backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp ]] || fail "the active staged theme receives its bundled WebP replacement"
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp" ]] || fail "a selected staged JPEG moves before a later refresh can strand it"
+pass "the active staged theme is repaired before its old bundled image disappears"