diff --git a/migrations/1791470456.sh b/migrations/1791470456.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..539e0ed7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/1791470456.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+echo "Repair background selections after bundled images moved to WebP"
+
+replacement_webp() {
+  local background="$1"
+  local theme="${2:-}"
+  local replacement
+
+  [[ ! -e $background ]] || return 1
+
+  case ${background,,} in
+  *.jpg | *.jpeg | *.png) replacement="${background%.*}.webp" ;;
+  *) return 1 ;;
+  esac
+
+  if [[ ! -f $replacement ]]; then
+    [[ -n $theme && ${background%/*} == "$HOME/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme/backgrounds" ]] || return 1
+    [[ -f $OMARCHY_PATH/themes/$theme/backgrounds/${replacement##*/} ]] || return 1
+  fi
+
+  printf '%s\n' "$replacement"
+}
+
+current_background="$HOME/.local/state/omarchy/current/background"
+if [[ -L $current_background ]]; then
+  background=$(readlink "$current_background")
+  if replacement=$(replacement_webp "$background"); then
+    ln -sfn "$replacement" "$current_background"
+  fi
+fi
+
+for state_file in "$HOME/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/"*; do
+  [[ -f $state_file ]] || continue
+
+  background=$(<"$state_file")
+  if replacement=$(replacement_webp "$background" "${state_file##*/}"); then
+    printf '%s\n' "$replacement" >"$state_file"
+  fi
+done
diff --git a/test/shell.d/webp-background-migration-test.sh b/test/shell.d/webp-background-migration-test.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..59eefe9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/shell.d/webp-background-migration-test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+source "$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)/base-test.sh"
+
+test_dir=$(mktemp -d)
+trap 'rm -rf "$test_dir"' EXIT
+home="$test_dir/home"
+migration="$ROOT/migrations/1791470456.sh"
+
+reset_home() {
+  rm -rf "$home"
+  mkdir -p "$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme/backgrounds" "$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds"
+}
+
+run_migration() {
+  HOME="$home" OMARCHY_PATH="$ROOT" bash -euo pipefail "$migration" >"$test_dir/output"
+}
+
+backgrounds="$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme/backgrounds"
+current="$home/.local/state/omarchy/current/background"
+remembered="$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/tokyo-night"
+remembered_png="$home/.local/state/omarchy/theme-backgrounds/catppuccin"
+
+reset_home
+touch "$backgrounds/current.webp"
+ln -s "$backgrounds/current.jpg" "$current"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.jpg" >"$remembered"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/omarchy.png" >"$remembered_png"
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/current.webp" ]] || fail "the current background moves from the removed JPEG to its WebP replacement"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp" ]] || fail "an inactive theme's remembered JPEG moves to its bundled WebP replacement"
+[[ $(<"$remembered_png") == "$backgrounds/omarchy.webp" ]] || fail "an inactive theme's remembered PNG moves to its bundled WebP replacement"
+pass "converted bundled backgrounds keep their current and remembered selections"
+
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/current.webp" ]] || fail "the repair can be rerun"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/2-swirl-buck.webp" ]] || fail "the remembered JPEG repair can be rerun"
+[[ $(<"$remembered_png") == "$backgrounds/omarchy.webp" ]] || fail "the remembered PNG repair can be rerun"
+pass "the background repair is idempotent"
+
+reset_home
+touch "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" "$backgrounds/kept.webp"
+ln -s "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" "$current"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" >"$remembered"
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" ]] || fail "an existing JPEG background is preserved"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/kept.jpg" ]] || fail "an existing remembered JPEG is preserved"
+pass "existing backgrounds are not replaced just because a WebP shares their stem"
+
+reset_home
+ln -s "$backgrounds/missing.jpeg" "$current"
+printf '%s\n' "$backgrounds/missing.png" >"$remembered"
+run_migration
+[[ $(readlink "$current") == "$backgrounds/missing.jpeg" ]] || fail "a dangling selection without an exact WebP replacement is preserved"
+[[ $(<"$remembered") == "$backgrounds/missing.png" ]] || fail "a dangling remembered selection without an exact WebP replacement is preserved"
+pass "unrelated dangling background paths are left alone"