diff --git a/bin/omarchy-install-browser b/bin/omarchy-install-browser
index d808c805..4593bc72 100755
--- a/bin/omarchy-install-browser
+++ b/bin/omarchy-install-browser
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ set -e
 source "$OMARCHY_PATH/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
 
 setup_chromium_policy_directory() {
-  browser_policy_setup_group
-  browser_policy_grant_user "${USER:-$(id -un)}"
   browser_policy_setup_dir "$1"
 }
 
diff --git a/bin/omarchy-provision-owner b/bin/omarchy-provision-owner
index 7c208eb9..0db99f2e 100755
--- a/bin/omarchy-provision-owner
+++ b/bin/omarchy-provision-owner
@@ -744,11 +744,8 @@ create_user() {
   chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/00-omarchy-wheel
 
   source "$OMARCHY_PATH/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
-  OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER=$username
-  OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR=$PROVISIONING_DIR
-  browser_policy_setup_group
   for dir in "${BROWSER_POLICY_MANAGED_DIRS[@]}"; do
-    [[ -d $dir ]] || continue
+    [[ -d $dir || -L $dir ]] || continue
     browser_policy_setup_dir "$dir"
   done
 }
diff --git a/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser b/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser
index 60fa3211..612e586f 100755
--- a/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser
+++ b/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser
@@ -12,10 +12,6 @@ if [[ -f $CHROMIUM_THEME ]]; then
   THEME_HEX_COLOR=$(browser_policy_theme_hex "$(<$CHROMIUM_THEME)")
 fi
 
-set_browser_policy() {
-  browser_policy_write_color "$1" "$THEME_HEX_COLOR"
-}
-
 refresh_running_browser() {
   local process="$1"
   local command="$2"
@@ -27,16 +23,11 @@ refresh_running_browser() {
 }
 
 failed=0
-set_browser_policy /etc/chromium/policies/managed || failed=1
+omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy "${THEME_HEX_COLOR#\#}" || failed=1
+
 refresh_running_browser chromium chromium
-
-set_browser_policy /etc/opt/chrome/policies/managed || failed=1
 refresh_running_browser chrome google-chrome-stable || refresh_running_browser chrome google-chrome
-
-set_browser_policy /etc/opt/edge/policies/managed || failed=1
 refresh_running_browser msedge microsoft-edge-stable
-
-set_browser_policy /etc/brave/policies/managed || failed=1
 refresh_running_browser brave brave
 # Match on the binary path: the running process is named plain "brave", and a
 # bare -f brave-origin pattern would also match the installer's own terminal.
diff --git a/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy b/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6f628f9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# omarchy:summary=Write the current theme color into the browser policy directories
+# omarchy:args=<rrggbb>
+# omarchy:hidden=true
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# Whenever this runs as root — invoked directly through the passwordless
+# sudoers rule, or re-execed by require_root below — sudo's secure_path decides
+# where a bare helper resolves, and a dev link (etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-dev-path)
+# prepends a user-writable checkout bin/ to it. Every helper this script calls
+# by bare name (printf's builtin aside: install, mktemp, rm) is a system tool,
+# never an omarchy-* command, so pin PATH to trusted system directories and keep
+# root from resolving one out of that checkout. The unprivileged wrapper phase
+# keeps the caller's PATH so it can still find sudo/pkexec.
+if (( EUID == 0 )); then
+  export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin
+fi
+
+# Enterprise policy trust roots. The list is fixed here rather than taken from
+# the caller: the caller chooses a color, never a path.
+POLICY_DIRS=(
+  /etc/chromium/policies/managed
+  /etc/opt/chrome/policies/managed
+  /etc/opt/edge/policies/managed
+  /etc/brave/policies/managed
+)
+
+# The path etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-theme-browser names. The privileged half always
+# runs from there rather than from whichever copy was invoked, so the rule
+# matches even where $OMARCHY_PATH points at a checkout.
+PACKAGED_PATH=/usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy
+
+usage() {
+  echo "Usage: omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy <rrggbb>" >&2
+}
+
+if (( $# != 1 )); then
+  usage
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+color="$1"
+
+# Six lowercase hex digits is the whole of what this accepts. The leading "#"
+# is added when the JSON is written rather than passed in: "#" opens a comment
+# in sudoers, and keeping it out of argv lets the sudoers rule spell the
+# argument as a plain six-character glob.
+if [[ ! $color =~ ^[0-9a-f]{6}$ ]]; then
+  echo "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy: expected six lowercase hex digits, got '$color'" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# True when sudo would run this exact command without stopping for a password.
+# `sudo -l` on its own reports whether a command is permitted, which the blanket
+# %wheel rule answers yes to for everything; the long listing prints the matched
+# entry's tags, so !authenticate is the grant in
+# etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-theme-browser and nothing else. Listing runs nothing
+# and, under -n, prompts for nothing.
+sudo_grants_passwordless() {
+  sudo -n -l -l "$PACKAGED_PATH" "$@" 2>/dev/null | grep -q '!authenticate'
+}
+
+require_root() {
+  if (( EUID == 0 )); then
+    return
+  elif [[ -t 0 ]] || sudo_grants_passwordless "$@"; then
+    exec sudo "$PACKAGED_PATH" "$@"
+  else
+    exec pkexec "$PACKAGED_PATH" "$@"
+  fi
+}
+
+require_root "$color"
+
+failed=0
+staged=""
+cleanup() {
+  [[ -n $staged ]] && rm -f "$staged"
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+for policy_dir in "${POLICY_DIRS[@]}"; do
+  # Only browsers Omarchy has installed have a policy directory. Creating one
+  # here would hand a browser a managed-policy root it does not otherwise have.
+  [[ -d $policy_dir && ! -L $policy_dir ]] || continue
+
+  dest=$policy_dir/color.json
+  staged=$(mktemp) || {
+    failed=1
+    continue
+  }
+  printf '{"BrowserThemeColor": "#%s", "BrowserColorScheme": "device"}\n' "$color" >"$staged"
+
+  if [[ -L $dest || -d $dest ]]; then
+    if ! rm -rf -- "$dest"; then
+      rm -f "$staged"
+      staged=""
+      echo "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy: cannot replace $dest" >&2
+      failed=1
+      continue
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  if ! install -m 0644 -o root -g root -T "$staged" "$dest"; then
+    rm -f "$staged"
+    staged=""
+    echo "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy: cannot write $dest" >&2
+    failed=1
+    continue
+  fi
+
+  rm -f "$staged"
+  staged=""
+done
+
+exit "$failed"
diff --git a/bin/omarchy-upgrade-to-quattro b/bin/omarchy-upgrade-to-quattro
index 62ef21b9..32ea6465 100755
--- a/bin/omarchy-upgrade-to-quattro
+++ b/bin/omarchy-upgrade-to-quattro
@@ -1316,14 +1316,13 @@ apply_system_transition() {
   if ! as_root test -f "$browser_policy_helper"; then
     warn "$browser_policy_helper is unavailable; Chromium policy directories were not hardened."
   else
-    as_root env OMARCHY_PATH=/usr/share/omarchy OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER="$target_user" \
+    as_root env OMARCHY_PATH=/usr/share/omarchy \
       bash -euo pipefail -c '
         source "$OMARCHY_PATH/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
-        browser_policy_setup_group
         browser_policy_setup_dir /etc/chromium/policies/managed
         for dir in "${BROWSER_POLICY_MANAGED_DIRS[@]}"; do
           [[ $dir == "/etc/chromium/policies/managed" ]] && continue
-          [[ -d $dir ]] || continue
+          [[ -d $dir || -L $dir ]] || continue
           browser_policy_setup_dir "$dir"
         done
       '
diff --git a/etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-theme-browser b/etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-theme-browser
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..853d2412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-theme-browser
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Theme switching is a menu action with no terminal to carry a password prompt,
+# and it repaints the browser accent on every switch, so this one write must not
+# stop for a password. The argument is spelled out as six hex digits rather than
+# a wildcard: the grant covers a color and nothing else, and sudoers matches a
+# command's arguments exactly, so it cannot be stretched into extra ones. The
+# helper revalidates the same shape, since the terminal path does not come
+# through this rule.
+%wheel ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy [0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]
diff --git a/install/config/browser-policy.sh b/install/config/browser-policy.sh
index a02de2f3..fd802c66 100644
--- a/install/config/browser-policy.sh
+++ b/install/config/browser-policy.sh
@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
 source "$OMARCHY_PATH/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
-browser_policy_setup_group
 browser_policy_setup_dir /etc/chromium/policies/managed
diff --git a/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh b/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh
index 687edce2..c2c93d8e 100644
--- a/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh
+++ b/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-# Chromium-family machine policy is mandatory for every profile. A dedicated
-# group at 2775 lets every Omarchy user write color.json and every other uid
-# read; other-write stays off. Setgid so new files inherit the group.
+# Chromium-family machine policy is mandatory for every profile. Directories
+# stay 0755 root:root; omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy is the privileged
+# write for color.json.
 
 source "$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)/as-root.sh"
 
-BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP=omarchy-browser-policy
-
 BROWSER_POLICY_MANAGED_DIRS=(
   /etc/chromium/policies/managed
   /etc/opt/chrome/policies/managed
@@ -33,47 +31,12 @@ BROWSER_POLICY_FIREFOX_DIRS=(
 
 BROWSER_POLICY_DEFAULT_COLOR="#1c2027"
 
-browser_policy_setup_group() {
-  local provisioning_dir="${OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR:-/var/lib/omarchy/provisioning}"
-
-  as_root groupadd --system --force "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP"
-  as_root mkdir -p "$provisioning_dir"
-  if ! grep -qxF "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP" "$provisioning_dir/groups" 2>/dev/null; then
-    printf '%s\n' "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP" | as_root tee -a "$provisioning_dir/groups" >/dev/null
-  fi
-
-  if [[ -n ${OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER:-} ]] && getent passwd "$OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER" >/dev/null; then
-    as_root usermod -aG "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP" "$OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER"
-  fi
-}
-
-browser_policy_grant_user() {
-  local user=${1:-}
-
-  if [[ -z $user || $user == "root" ]]; then
-    user=${SUDO_USER:-}
-  fi
-
-  [[ -n $user && $user != "root" ]] || return 0
-  getent passwd "$user" >/dev/null || return 0
-  as_root usermod -aG "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP" "$user"
-}
-
 browser_policy_purge_dir() {
   local dir=$1
 
   as_root find "$dir" -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -user root -exec rm -rf -- {} +
 }
 
-browser_policy_dir_hardened() {
-  local dir=$1
-
-  [[ -d $dir && ! -L $dir ]] || return 1
-  [[ $(stat -c '%a' "$dir") == "2775" ]] || return 1
-  [[ $(stat -c '%U' "$dir") == "root" ]] || return 1
-  [[ $(stat -c '%G' "$dir") == $BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP ]] || return 1
-}
-
 browser_policy_parent_hardened() {
   local dir=$1
 
@@ -82,6 +45,10 @@ browser_policy_parent_hardened() {
   [[ $(stat -c '%U' "$dir") == "root" ]] || return 1
 }
 
+browser_policy_dir_hardened() {
+  browser_policy_parent_hardened "$1"
+}
+
 browser_policy_parents_hardened() {
   local dir=$1
   local parent
@@ -116,10 +83,7 @@ browser_policy_setup_dir() {
   local dir=$1
 
   browser_policy_setup_parents_for "$dir"
-  if [[ -L $dir || ( -e $dir && ! -d $dir ) ]]; then
-    as_root rm -rf -- "$dir"
-  fi
-  as_root install -d -m 2775 -o root -g "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP" "$dir"
+  browser_policy_setup_parent "$dir"
   browser_policy_purge_dir "$dir"
 }
 
@@ -136,82 +100,31 @@ browser_policy_theme_hex() {
   printf '%s' "$BROWSER_POLICY_DEFAULT_COLOR"
 }
 
-browser_policy_file_owner() {
-  local user
-
-  if [[ -n ${OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER:-} && $OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER != "root" ]]; then
-    printf '%s\n' "$OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER"
-    return
-  fi
-  if [[ -n ${SUDO_USER:-} && $SUDO_USER != "root" ]]; then
-    printf '%s\n' "$SUDO_USER"
-    return
-  fi
-  if [[ -n ${PKEXEC_UID:-} ]]; then
-    user=$(getent passwd "$PKEXEC_UID" | cut -d: -f1)
-    if [[ -n $user && $user != "root" ]]; then
-      printf '%s\n' "$user"
-      return
-    fi
-  fi
-  user=${USER:-$(id -un)}
-  if [[ $user != "root" ]]; then
-    printf '%s\n' "$user"
-  fi
-}
-
-# sudo when this process has a controlling terminal (fd 0 is /dev/null under
-# `bash -lc cmd &`, but /dev/tty still works). pkexec when it does not.
-browser_policy_elevate() {
-  if (( EUID == 0 )); then
-    "$@"
-  elif { exec 3</dev/tty; } 2>/dev/null; then
-    exec 3<&-
-    sudo "$@"
-  else
-    pkexec "$@"
-  fi
-}
-
-browser_policy_write_color() {
+browser_policy_install_color() {
   local policy_dir=$1
   local hex=$2
   local dest=$policy_dir/color.json
-  local payload
   local tmp
-  local owner
 
-  [[ -d $policy_dir ]] || return 0
+  [[ -d $policy_dir && ! -L $policy_dir ]] || return 0
+  [[ $hex =~ ^#[0-9a-f]{6}$ ]] || return 1
 
-  payload=$(printf '{"BrowserThemeColor": "%s", "BrowserColorScheme": "device"}\n' "$hex")
   tmp=$(mktemp) || return 1
-  printf '%s' "$payload" >"$tmp"
+  printf '{"BrowserThemeColor": "%s", "BrowserColorScheme": "device"}\n' "$hex" >"$tmp"
 
-  # A planted symlink or directory must not be written through or into.
   if [[ -L $dest || -d $dest ]]; then
     if ! rm -rf -- "$dest" 2>/dev/null; then
-      if ! browser_policy_elevate rm -rf -- "$dest"; then
-        rm -f "$tmp"
-        echo "omarchy-theme-set-browser: cannot replace $dest (need group $BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP)" >&2
-        return 1
-      fi
+      rm -f "$tmp"
+      return 1
     fi
   fi
 
-  if install -m 664 -T "$tmp" "$dest" 2>/dev/null; then
-    rm -f "$tmp"
-    return 0
-  fi
-
-  owner=$(browser_policy_file_owner)
-  [[ -n $owner ]] || owner=root
-  if browser_policy_elevate install -m 664 -o "$owner" -g "$BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP" -T "$tmp" "$dest"; then
+  if install -m 0644 -T "$tmp" "$dest" 2>/dev/null; then
     rm -f "$tmp"
     return 0
   fi
 
   rm -f "$tmp"
-  echo "omarchy-theme-set-browser: cannot write $dest (need group $BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP)" >&2
   return 1
 }
 
diff --git a/migrations/1787515927.sh b/migrations/1787515927.sh
index 113daf34..f1f33869 100644
--- a/migrations/1787515927.sh
+++ b/migrations/1787515927.sh
@@ -2,15 +2,9 @@ echo "Stop world-writable Chromium and Firefox policy directories"
 
 source "$OMARCHY_PATH/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
 
-browser_policy_setup_group
-browser_policy_grant_user "${USER:-$(id -un)}"
-
 repaired=0
 for dir in "${BROWSER_POLICY_MANAGED_DIRS[@]}"; do
   [[ -d $dir || -L $dir ]] || continue
-  if browser_policy_dir_hardened "$dir" && browser_policy_parents_hardened "$dir"; then
-    continue
-  fi
   browser_policy_setup_dir "$dir"
   repaired=1
 done
@@ -21,7 +15,10 @@ fi
 
 for dir in "${BROWSER_POLICY_FIREFOX_DIRS[@]}"; do
   [[ -d $dir || -L $dir ]] || continue
-  browser_policy_firefox_hardened "$dir" && continue
+  if browser_policy_firefox_hardened "$dir"; then
+    browser_policy_purge_dir "$dir"
+    continue
+  fi
   browser_policy_setup_parent "$dir"
   browser_policy_purge_dir "$dir"
   if ! browser_policy_firefox_policy_file_ok "$dir/policies.json"; then
diff --git a/test/shell.d/browser-policy-dir-test.sh b/test/shell.d/browser-policy-dir-test.sh
index b06f174f..20b8067c 100755
--- a/test/shell.d/browser-policy-dir-test.sh
+++ b/test/shell.d/browser-policy-dir-test.sh
@@ -7,24 +7,6 @@ source "$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)/base-test.sh"
 test_tmp=$(mktemp -d)
 trap 'rm -rf "$test_tmp"' EXIT
 
-mock_bin=$test_tmp/bin
-mkdir -p "$mock_bin"
-elev_log=$test_tmp/elev.log
-cat >"$mock_bin/sudo" <<SH
-#!/bin/bash
-printf 'SUDO %s\\n' "\$*" >>"$elev_log"
-[[ \${OMARCHY_TEST_SUDO_FAIL:-} == 1 ]] && exit 1
-exit 0
-SH
-cat >"$mock_bin/pkexec" <<SH
-#!/bin/bash
-printf 'PKEXEC %s\\n' "\$*" >>"$elev_log"
-[[ \${OMARCHY_TEST_SUDO_FAIL:-} == 1 ]] && exit 1
-exit 0
-SH
-chmod +x "$mock_bin/sudo" "$mock_bin/pkexec"
-export PATH="$mock_bin:$PATH"
-: >"$elev_log"
 export OMARCHY_PATH="$ROOT"
 export OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR="$test_tmp/provisioning"
 
@@ -55,20 +37,20 @@ unprivileged_as_root() {
 
 write_dir=$test_tmp/writable
 mkdir -p "$write_dir"
-browser_policy_write_color "$write_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
+browser_policy_install_color "$write_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
   fail "theme colour writes into a writable policy directory"
 grep -F '"BrowserThemeColor": "#aabbcc"' "$write_dir/color.json" >/dev/null ||
   fail "theme colour writes BrowserThemeColor"
 mode=$(stat -c '%a' "$write_dir/color.json")
-[[ $mode == "664" ]] || fail "theme colour creates a group-writable policy file" "mode=$mode"
-pass "theme colour writes a group-writable color.json"
+[[ $mode == "644" ]] || fail "theme colour creates a root-mode policy file" "mode=$mode"
+pass "theme colour writes a 0644 color.json"
 
 if (( EUID == 0 )); then
   pass "running as root; skipping the mktemp-failure check"
 else
   chmod u+w "$write_dir"
   export TMPDIR=$test_tmp/missing-tmp
-  if browser_policy_write_color "$write_dir" "#dead00" 2>/dev/null; then
+  if browser_policy_install_color "$write_dir" "#dead00" 2>/dev/null; then
     fail "theme colour fails when mktemp cannot create a file"
   fi
   unset TMPDIR
@@ -80,7 +62,7 @@ fi
 printf 'original\n' >"$test_tmp/pwn"
 rm -f "$write_dir/color.json"
 ln -s "$test_tmp/pwn" "$write_dir/color.json"
-browser_policy_write_color "$write_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
+browser_policy_install_color "$write_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
   fail "theme colour replaces a planted color.json symlink"
 [[ -f $write_dir/color.json && ! -L $write_dir/color.json ]] ||
   fail "theme colour unlinks a planted color.json symlink instead of writing through it"
@@ -90,62 +72,25 @@ pass "theme colour does not follow a planted color.json symlink"
 plant_write=$test_tmp/plant-dir
 mkdir -p "$plant_write/color.json/nested"
 printf 'inside\n' >"$plant_write/color.json/nested/x"
-browser_policy_write_color "$plant_write" "#aabbcc" ||
+browser_policy_install_color "$plant_write" "#aabbcc" ||
   fail "theme colour replaces a planted color.json directory"
 [[ -f $plant_write/color.json && ! -d $plant_write/color.json ]] ||
   fail "theme colour does not write into a planted color.json directory"
 pass "theme colour does not write into a planted color.json directory"
 
 missing_dir=$test_tmp/missing
-browser_policy_write_color "$missing_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
+browser_policy_install_color "$missing_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
   fail "theme colour skips a policy directory that does not exist"
 [[ ! -e $missing_dir ]] || fail "theme colour does not create a missing policy directory"
 pass "theme colour skips a missing policy directory"
 
-if (( EUID == 0 )); then
-  pass "running as root; skipping elevation checks"
-else
-  denied_dir=$test_tmp/denied
-  mkdir -p "$denied_dir"
-  chmod a-w "$denied_dir"
-  owner=${USER:-$(id -un)}
-  : >"$elev_log"
-  browser_policy_write_color "$denied_dir" "#aabbcc" ||
-    fail "elevated install reports success from pkexec"
-  grep -E "^PKEXEC install -m 664 -o $owner -g omarchy-browser-policy -T .+ $denied_dir/color.json$" "$elev_log" >/dev/null ||
-    fail "without a controlling tty, colour write elevates through pkexec as the owner" "$(cat "$elev_log")"
-  if grep -E '^SUDO ' "$elev_log" >/dev/null; then
-    fail "without a controlling tty, colour write does not call sudo" "$(cat "$elev_log")"
-  fi
-  pass "without a controlling tty, colour write elevates through pkexec"
-
-  : >"$elev_log"
-  export OMARCHY_TEST_SUDO_FAIL=1
-  if browser_policy_write_color "$denied_dir" "#aabbcc" 2>"$test_tmp/write.err"; then
-    fail "theme colour fails when the policy directory is not writable"
-  fi
-  unset OMARCHY_TEST_SUDO_FAIL
-  grep -F 'omarchy-browser-policy' "$test_tmp/write.err" >/dev/null ||
-    fail "theme colour names the group when the write is denied"
-  pass "theme colour reports a denied policy write"
-
-  if command -v script >/dev/null; then
-    : >"$elev_log"
-    cat >"$test_tmp/tty-write.sh" <<EOF
-source "$ROOT/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
-browser_policy_write_color "$denied_dir" "#aabbcc"
-EOF
-    script -q -c "PATH='$mock_bin:$PATH' OMARCHY_PATH='$ROOT' bash '$test_tmp/tty-write.sh'" /dev/null >/dev/null
-    grep -E "^SUDO install -m 664 -o $owner -g omarchy-browser-policy -T .+ $denied_dir/color.json$" "$elev_log" >/dev/null ||
-      fail "with a controlling tty, colour write elevates through sudo" "$(cat "$elev_log")"
-    if grep -E '^PKEXEC ' "$elev_log" >/dev/null; then
-      fail "with a controlling tty, colour write does not call pkexec" "$(cat "$elev_log")"
-    fi
-    pass "with a controlling tty, colour write elevates through sudo"
-  else
-    pass "script(1) unavailable; skipping the controlling-tty elevation check"
-  fi
+if browser_policy_install_color "$write_dir" "aabbcc" 2>/dev/null; then
+  fail "theme colour rejects hex without a leading #"
 fi
+if browser_policy_install_color "$write_dir" "#AABBCC" 2>/dev/null; then
+  fail "theme colour rejects uppercase hex"
+fi
+pass "theme colour accepts only # plus six lowercase hex digits"
 
 planted_dir=$test_tmp/planted
 mkdir -p "$planted_dir/evil"
@@ -156,16 +101,16 @@ browser_policy_setup_dir "$planted_dir"
 [[ ! -e $planted_dir/evil ]] || fail "policy setup drops a non-empty non-root subdirectory"
 [[ ! -e $planted_dir/color.json ]] || fail "policy setup drops a non-root color.json"
 [[ -d $planted_dir ]] || fail "policy setup leaves the managed directory in place"
+mode=$(stat -c '%a' "$planted_dir")
+[[ $mode == "755" ]] || fail "policy setup leaves the managed directory 0755" "mode=$mode"
 pass "policy setup drops non-root files and non-empty subdirectories"
 
 owned=$test_tmp/not-root
 mkdir -p "$owned"
-chmod 2775 "$owned"
-BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP=$(id -gn)
+chmod 755 "$owned"
 if browser_policy_dir_hardened "$owned"; then
-  fail "a user-owned 2775 directory is not treated as hardened"
+  fail "a user-owned 0755 directory is not treated as hardened"
 fi
-BROWSER_POLICY_GROUP=omarchy-browser-policy
 pass "a hardened directory must be root-owned"
 
 saved_parent_dirs=("${BROWSER_POLICY_PARENT_DIRS[@]}")
@@ -173,7 +118,7 @@ parent_root=$test_tmp/parents
 mkdir -p "$parent_root/etc/chromium/policies/managed/keep"
 printf 'keep\n' >"$parent_root/etc/chromium/policies/managed/keep/x"
 chmod 0777 "$parent_root/etc/chromium" "$parent_root/etc/chromium/policies"
-chmod 2775 "$parent_root/etc/chromium/policies/managed"
+chmod 755 "$parent_root/etc/chromium/policies/managed"
 BROWSER_POLICY_PARENT_DIRS=(
   "$parent_root/etc/chromium"
   "$parent_root/etc/chromium/policies"
@@ -270,7 +215,7 @@ pass "Firefox setup does not follow a planted distribution symlink"
 for malformed in "" "not,a,color" "1,2" "1,2,3,4" "256,0,0" "999,999,999" "-1,0,0" \
   "1,2,3;id" '1,2,$(id)' "0x10,0,0" "1,2,3 4,5,6"; do
   [[ $(browser_policy_theme_hex "$malformed") == "#1c2027" ]] ||
-    fail "theme colour falls back to the neutral grey for '$malformed'"
+    fail "theme colour falls back to the stock grey for '$malformed'"
 done
 pass "theme colour is six hex digits or the stock grey"
 
@@ -288,6 +233,8 @@ pass "shipped chromium.theme files parse as RGB triples"
 
 grep -F 'browser_policy_theme_hex' "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser" >/dev/null ||
   fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser parses chromium.theme through browser_policy_theme_hex"
+grep -F 'omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy' "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser writes colour through omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy"
 if grep -E 'printf.*THEME_RGB_COLOR' "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser" >/dev/null; then
   fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser does not hand unvetted theme words to printf"
 fi
@@ -328,27 +275,6 @@ fi
 [[ -d $dir_dist/policies.json ]] || fail "Firefox policy install leaves a planted policies.json directory in place"
 pass "Firefox policy install does not write into a planted policies.json directory"
 
-grant_log=$test_tmp/usermod.calls
-as_root() {
-  if [[ $1 == "usermod" ]]; then
-    printf '%s\n' "$*" >>"$grant_log"
-    return 0
-  fi
-  unprivileged_as_root "$@"
-}
-invoker=${USER:-$(id -un)}
-: >"$grant_log"
-SUDO_USER=$invoker
-browser_policy_grant_user root
-unset SUDO_USER
-grep -qx -- "usermod -aG omarchy-browser-policy $invoker" "$grant_log" ||
-  fail "granting as root uses SUDO_USER" "$(cat "$grant_log")"
-: >"$grant_log"
-OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER=""
-browser_policy_grant_user ""
-[[ ! -s $grant_log ]] || fail "an empty grant does not usermod"
-pass "sudo install browser grants the invoking user, not root"
-
 grep -F 'exit "$failed"' "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser" >/dev/null ||
   fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser exits non-zero when a policy write fails"
 pass "omarchy-theme-set-browser exits non-zero when a policy write fails"
@@ -357,25 +283,25 @@ policy_files=(
   "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-install-browser"
   "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-provision-owner"
   "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser"
+  "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy"
   "$ROOT/bin/omarchy-upgrade-to-quattro"
   "$ROOT/install/config/theme-system.sh"
   "$ROOT/install/config/browser-policy.sh"
   "$ROOT/install/helpers/browser-policy.sh"
   "$ROOT/migrations/1787515927.sh"
 )
-if grep -nE 'chmod a\+rwx\b|chmod a\+rw\b|chmod a\+w\b|chmod o\+w|chmod ugo\+w|chmod 2777\b|chmod 0777\b|chmod 777\b|install -d -m 0?[27]?777' "${policy_files[@]}" >/dev/null; then
-  fail "browser policy setup is not world-writable"
+if grep -nE 'chmod a\+rwx\b|chmod a\+rw\b|chmod a\+w\b|chmod o\+w|chmod ugo\+w|chmod 2775\b|chmod 2777\b|chmod 0777\b|chmod 777\b|install -d -m 0?[27]?777|omarchy-browser-policy' "${policy_files[@]}" >/dev/null; then
+  fail "browser policy setup is not world-writable and does not use omarchy-browser-policy"
 fi
 pass "browser policy setup is not world-writable"
 
 mapfile -t migrations < <(rg -l 'Stop world-writable Chromium and Firefox policy directories' "$ROOT/migrations")
 (( ${#migrations[@]} == 1 )) || fail "exactly one migration locks existing policy directories" "${migrations[*]}"
-grep -F 'browser_policy_dir_hardened' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "the policy-directory migration no-ops a machine already repaired"
-grep -F 'browser_policy_parents_hardened' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "the policy-directory migration repairs a world-writable parent of a hardened leaf"
-grep -F 'browser_policy_grant_user' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "the policy-directory migration still grants the current user the group"
+grep -F 'browser_policy_setup_dir' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "the policy-directory migration repairs managed directories"
+if grep -F 'browser_policy_grant_user' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null; then
+  fail "the policy-directory migration does not grant a browser-policy group"
+fi
 grep -F 'BROWSER_POLICY_FIREFOX_DIRS' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null ||
   fail "the policy-directory migration covers Firefox and Zen"
 grep -F 'browser_policy_firefox_policy_file_ok' "${migrations[0]}" >/dev/null ||
diff --git a/test/shell.d/browser-policy-sudoers-test.sh b/test/shell.d/browser-policy-sudoers-test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2af8ea2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/shell.d/browser-policy-sudoers-test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+source "$(dirname "$0")/base-test.sh"
+
+helper="$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy"
+setter="$ROOT/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser"
+sudoers_file="$ROOT/etc/sudoers.d/omarchy-theme-browser"
+rule='%wheel ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy [0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]'
+
+# Exactly one rule, matched whole. Dropping the argument -- which sudoers reads
+# as "any arguments" -- or widening the glob to `*` would let the grant carry
+# something other than a color while leaving this line looking right.
+rules=$(grep -vE '^[[:space:]]*(#|$)' "$sudoers_file")
+[[ $rules == "$rule" ]] ||
+  fail "browser policy sudoers file carries exactly the six-hex-digit rule and nothing else" "got: $rules"
+
+if command -v visudo >/dev/null; then
+  visudo -cf "$sudoers_file" >/dev/null || fail "browser policy sudoers rule parses"
+fi
+
+grep -Fx 'PACKAGED_PATH=/usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy' "$helper" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy elevates the path the sudoers rule names"
+
+grep -E 'sudo -n -l -l' "$helper" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy reads the grant from the long sudo listing"
+
+grep -Eq '^\s*export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin' "$helper" ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy pins PATH to trusted system directories when it holds root"
+gated=$(grep -A1 -E '^if \(\( EUID == 0 \)\); then$' "$helper" || true)
+[[ $gated == *"export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin"* ]] ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy gates the trusted-PATH pin on holding root"
+
+pass "browser policy sudoers rule is scoped to a single color argument"
+
+for dir in /etc/chromium/policies/managed /etc/opt/chrome/policies/managed \
+  /etc/opt/edge/policies/managed /etc/brave/policies/managed; do
+  grep -Fx "  $dir" "$helper" >/dev/null ||
+    fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy names $dir in its fixed policy directory list"
+done
+
+policy_dir_count=$(sed -n '/^POLICY_DIRS=(/,/^)/p' "$helper" | grep -c '^  /')
+((policy_dir_count == 4)) ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy writes only the four known policy directories" \
+    "got: $policy_dir_count"
+
+grep -F 'install -m 0644 -o root -g root -T' "$helper" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy installs color.json with install -T"
+if grep -E 'mv -f' "$helper" >/dev/null; then
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy does not mv into a planted color.json directory"
+fi
+
+pass "browser policy helper writes a fixed set of policy directories"
+
+test_tmp=$(mktemp -d)
+trap 'rm -rf "$test_tmp"' EXIT
+
+stub_bin="$test_tmp/bin"
+mkdir -p "$stub_bin"
+
+cat >"$stub_bin/pkexec" <<'SH'
+#!/bin/bash
+printf 'pkexec %s\n' "$*" >"$ELEVATION_LOG"
+SH
+chmod +x "$stub_bin/pkexec"
+
+# STUB_GRANTED empty stands for an install whose omarchy-settings predates the
+# sudoers file. The default is granted, matching a current Omarchy.
+cat >"$stub_bin/sudo" <<'SH'
+#!/bin/bash
+if [[ $1 == -n && $2 == -l ]]; then
+  if [[ ${STUB_GRANTED-granted} == "granted" ]]; then
+    echo "    Options: !authenticate"
+  else
+    echo "    Matched: ${!#}"
+  fi
+  exit 0
+fi
+printf 'sudo %s\n' "$*" >"$ELEVATION_LOG"
+SH
+chmod +x "$stub_bin/sudo"
+
+if ((EUID == 0)); then
+  pass "running as root; skipping the elevation checks, which would rewrite this machine's browser policy"
+else
+  elevation_for() {
+    : >"$test_tmp/elevation"
+    ELEVATION_LOG="$test_tmp/elevation" \
+      PATH="$stub_bin:$PATH" \
+      bash "$helper" "$@" </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    cat "$test_tmp/elevation"
+  }
+
+  elevation=$(elevation_for 1c2027)
+  [[ $elevation == "sudo /usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy 1c2027" ]] ||
+    fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy takes the passwordless sudo grant without a terminal" \
+      "got: $elevation"
+
+  dev_linked=$(OMARCHY_PATH="$test_tmp/checkout" elevation_for 1c2027)
+  [[ $dev_linked == "sudo /usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy 1c2027" ]] ||
+    fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy elevates the system install wherever OMARCHY_PATH points" \
+      "got: $dev_linked"
+
+  pass "browser policy helper elevates a valid color through the sudo grant"
+
+  ungranted=$(STUB_GRANTED="" elevation_for 1c2027)
+  [[ $ungranted == "pkexec /usr/bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy 1c2027" ]] ||
+    fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy falls back to polkit where the grant does not reach" \
+      "got: $ungranted"
+
+  pass "browser policy helper falls back to polkit wherever the grant does not reach"
+
+  for bad in "" "1C2027" "abc12" "abc1234" "1c202g" "../../etc/passwd" "1c2027 1c2027" \
+    '$(id)' "1c2027;id" "#1c2027"; do
+    if PATH="$stub_bin:$PATH" ELEVATION_LOG="$test_tmp/elevation" \
+      bash "$helper" "$bad" </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy rejects '$bad'"
+    fi
+
+    rejected=$(elevation_for "$bad")
+    [[ -z $rejected ]] ||
+      fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy rejects '$bad' before elevating" "got: $rejected"
+  done
+
+  if PATH="$stub_bin:$PATH" bash "$helper" 1c2027 ffffff </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy rejects more than one argument"
+  fi
+
+  pass "browser policy helper accepts nothing but six lowercase hex digits"
+fi
+
+setter_bin="$test_tmp/setter-bin"
+mkdir -p "$setter_bin"
+
+cat >"$setter_bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy" <<'SH'
+#!/bin/bash
+printf '%s\n' "$*" >"$COLOR_LOG"
+SH
+chmod +x "$setter_bin/omarchy-theme-set-browser-policy"
+
+cat >"$setter_bin/omarchy-cmd-present" <<'SH'
+#!/bin/bash
+exit 1
+SH
+chmod +x "$setter_bin/omarchy-cmd-present"
+
+setter_home="$test_tmp/home"
+theme_dir="$setter_home/.local/state/omarchy/current/theme"
+mkdir -p "$theme_dir"
+
+color_for_theme() {
+  : >"$test_tmp/color"
+  if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
+    printf '%s' "$1" >"$theme_dir/chromium.theme"
+  else
+    rm -f "$theme_dir/chromium.theme"
+  fi
+
+  HOME="$setter_home" COLOR_LOG="$test_tmp/color" PATH="$setter_bin:$stub_bin:$PATH" \
+    OMARCHY_PATH="$ROOT" bash "$setter" </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  cat "$test_tmp/color"
+}
+
+[[ $(color_for_theme "242,240,229") == "f2f0e5" ]] ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser converts an RGB triple to six hex digits"
+[[ $(color_for_theme $'14,31,41\n') == "0e1f29" ]] ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser accepts a trailing newline"
+[[ $(color_for_theme "0,0,0") == "000000" ]] ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser pads single-digit components"
+[[ $(color_for_theme " 12 , 11 , 12 ") == "0c0b0c" ]] ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser tolerates surrounding whitespace"
+
+for malformed in "" "not,a,color" "1,2" "1,2,3,4" "256,0,0" "999,999,999" "-1,0,0" \
+  "1,2,3;id" '1,2,$(id)' "0x10,0,0" "1,2,3 4,5,6"; do
+  color=$(color_for_theme "$malformed")
+  [[ $color == "1c2027" ]] ||
+    fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser falls back to the stock colour for '$malformed'" "got: $color"
+done
+
+[[ $(color_for_theme) == "1c2027" ]] ||
+  fail "omarchy-theme-set-browser falls back to the stock colour with no theme file"
+
+pass "browser theme color is derived as six hex digits or falls back to the stock grey"
diff --git a/test/shell.d/default-apps-test.sh b/test/shell.d/default-apps-test.sh
index c88c2253..8151c250 100755
--- a/test/shell.d/default-apps-test.sh
+++ b/test/shell.d/default-apps-test.sh
@@ -208,18 +208,17 @@ OMARCHY_TEST_REAL_BROWSER_INSTALL=true omarchy-default-browser --install chromiu
 [[ $(omarchy-default-browser) == "chromium" ]] || fail "Chromium becomes the default after its full installer succeeds"
 cmp -s "$ROOT/config/chromium-flags.conf" "$test_home/.config/chromium-flags.conf" ||
   fail "Chromium browser installer copies the default flags"
-grep -Fxq 'sudo:groupadd --system --force omarchy-browser-policy' "$setup_log" ||
-  fail "Chromium browser installer creates the browser-policy group"
 grep -Fxq 'sudo:install -d -m 0755 -o root -g root /etc/chromium' "$setup_log" ||
   fail "Chromium browser installer creates a root-owned Chromium policy parent"
 grep -Fxq 'sudo:install -d -m 0755 -o root -g root /etc/chromium/policies' "$setup_log" ||
   fail "Chromium browser installer creates a root-owned Chromium policies parent"
-grep -Fxq 'sudo:install -d -m 2775 -o root -g omarchy-browser-policy /etc/chromium/policies/managed' "$setup_log" ||
-  fail "Chromium browser installer creates a group-writable managed policy directory"
+grep -Fxq 'sudo:install -d -m 0755 -o root -g root /etc/chromium/policies/managed' "$setup_log" ||
+  fail "Chromium browser installer creates a root-owned managed policy directory"
 grep -Fxq 'sudo:find /etc/chromium/policies/managed -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -user root -exec rm -rf -- {} +' "$setup_log" ||
   fail "Chromium browser installer drops non-root files from its policy directory"
-grep -Fxq "sudo:usermod -aG omarchy-browser-policy ${USER:-$(id -un)}" "$setup_log" ||
-  fail "Chromium browser installer grants the installing user the browser-policy group"
+if grep -E 'groupadd|usermod|omarchy-browser-policy' "$setup_log" >/dev/null; then
+  fail "Chromium browser installer does not create a browser-policy group" "$(cat "$setup_log")"
+fi
 grep -Fxq 'omarchy-install-chromium-copy-url:' "$setup_log" ||
   fail "Chromium browser installer registers the Copy URL host"
 grep -Fxq 'omarchy-install-chromium-ytdlp:' "$setup_log" ||
diff --git a/test/shell.d/provisioning-groups-test.sh b/test/shell.d/provisioning-groups-test.sh
index 7b5c6964..5a5fc516 100644
--- a/test/shell.d/provisioning-groups-test.sh
+++ b/test/shell.d/provisioning-groups-test.sh
@@ -55,12 +55,13 @@ OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER="" bash -eE "$ROOT/install/config/browser-policy.sh"
 
 [[ -f $OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR/groups ]] || fail "groups file written without an install user"
 grep -qxF input "$OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR/groups" || fail "input group recorded"
-grep -qxF omarchy-browser-policy "$OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR/groups" || fail "browser-policy group recorded"
+! grep -qxF omarchy-browser-policy "$OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR/groups" ||
+  fail "browser-policy group must not be recorded"
 [[ ! -f $TMPDIR/usermod.calls ]] || fail "usermod not called without an install user"
-grep -F -- '--system --force omarchy-browser-policy' "$TMPDIR/groupadd.calls" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "browser-policy group is created as a system group"
-grep -F -- '-d -m 2775 -o root -g omarchy-browser-policy /etc/chromium/policies/managed' "$TMPDIR/install.calls" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "browser-policy directory is created group-writable"
+[[ ! -f $TMPDIR/groupadd.calls ]] || ! grep -F omarchy-browser-policy "$TMPDIR/groupadd.calls" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "browser-policy group is not created"
+grep -F -- '-d -m 0755 -o root -g root /etc/chromium/policies/managed' "$TMPDIR/install.calls" >/dev/null ||
+  fail "browser-policy directory is created root-owned"
 pass "deferred provisioning records groups without calling usermod"
 
 # The docker group is root-equivalent and must never be granted automatically.
@@ -77,8 +78,6 @@ pass "missing install user defers group grants"
 OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER="" bash -eE "$ROOT/install/hardware/input-group.sh"
 [[ $(grep -cxF input "$OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR/groups") == 1 ]] || fail "input group recorded once"
 OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER="" bash -eE "$ROOT/install/config/browser-policy.sh"
-[[ $(grep -cxF omarchy-browser-policy "$OMARCHY_PROVISIONING_DIR/groups") == 1 ]] ||
-  fail "browser-policy group recorded once"
 pass "group recording is idempotent"
 
 # Existing user: usermod applies the recorded groups, and docker is never among them.
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER=existing bash -eE "$ROOT/install/config/docker.sh"
 OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER=existing bash -eE "$ROOT/install/hardware/input-group.sh"
 OMARCHY_INSTALL_USER=existing bash -eE "$ROOT/install/config/browser-policy.sh"
 grep -qx -- "-aG input existing" "$TMPDIR/usermod.calls" || fail "usermod grants input to the install user"
-grep -qx -- "-aG omarchy-browser-policy existing" "$TMPDIR/usermod.calls" ||
-  fail "usermod grants browser-policy to the install user"
+! grep -q -- "omarchy-browser-policy" "$TMPDIR/usermod.calls" ||
+  fail "usermod must not grant browser-policy to the install user"
 ! grep -q -- "docker" "$TMPDIR/usermod.calls" || fail "usermod must not grant docker to the install user"
-pass "existing install user gets input and browser-policy but never docker"
+pass "existing install user gets input but never docker or browser-policy"
diff --git a/test/shell.d/upgrade-to-quattro-test.sh b/test/shell.d/upgrade-to-quattro-test.sh
index c38c17f7..60e8abff 100644
--- a/test/shell.d/upgrade-to-quattro-test.sh
+++ b/test/shell.d/upgrade-to-quattro-test.sh
@@ -71,18 +71,19 @@ grep -F 'install/helpers/browser-policy.sh' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null ||
   fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade uses the shared browser-policy helper"
 grep -F 'as_root test -f "$browser_policy_helper"' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null ||
   fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade survives a packaged tree without the browser-policy helper"
-grep -F 'browser_policy_setup_group' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade creates the browser-policy group"
+if grep -F 'browser_policy_setup_group' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null; then
+  fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade does not create a browser-policy group"
+fi
 grep -F 'browser_policy_setup_dir /etc/chromium/policies/managed' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null ||
-  fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade creates a group-writable Chromium policy directory"
+  fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade creates a root-owned Chromium policy directory"
 grep -F 'BROWSER_POLICY_MANAGED_DIRS' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null ||
   fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade hardens every Chromium-family policy directory"
 grep -F 'run_as_user_omarchy omarchy-theme-set-browser' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null ||
   fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade rewrites browser theme colour after a headless theme-set"
-if grep -E 'install -d -m 0?[27]?777 /etc/.*/policies|chmod a\+rw' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null; then
+if grep -E 'install -d -m 0?[27]?777 /etc/.*/policies|chmod a\+rw|2775' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null; then
   fail "Omarchy 4 upgrade does not create a world-writable Chromium policy directory"
 fi
-pass "Omarchy 4 upgrade locks the Chromium policy directory to the browser-policy group"
+pass "Omarchy 4 upgrade locks the Chromium policy directory to root"
 
 grep -F 'OMARCHY_UPGRADE_TO_QUATTRO_LIVE=1' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null
 grep -F 'systemd-networkd.service' "$upgrade_to_quattro" >/dev/null