Merge 13.11 (cc9bf95); Blur pieces and per-tile clone pieces on its grid sampling (13.16, part two)

src/Document/BlurTool+Session.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 // Swift's BlurTool extension: what a Blur stroke paints.
 public:
-    // The sharp layer or mask, document-sized; `render` softens parts.
-    std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> blurSample(const CanvasDocument &document, bool mask = false) const;
+    // The stroke's pixels or mask, sharp; `render` softens parts.
+    std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> blurSample(const BrushStroke &stroke) const;

src/Document/BlurTool.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 #include "Document/PixelAdjust.h"
 #include "IO/ImageExporter.h"
 #include "Logging.h"
-#include "Rendering/LayerRenderer.h"
 #include <cmath>
 
 namespace {
@@ -39,46 +38,38 @@ std::function<QImage(const QRect &)> softened(const QImage &sharp, double sigma,
 }
 }
 
-// Swift's BlurTool extension: the layer, or its mask, softened.
-std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> EditorSession::blurSample(const CanvasDocument &document, bool mask) const
+// Swift's BlurTool extension: the layer's pixels, or mask, softened.
+std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> EditorSession::blurSample(const BrushStroke &stroke) const
 {
-    const std::optional<ImageLayer> layer = activeLayer();
-    if (!layer)
+    const ImageLayer &layer = stroke.layer;
+    const std::optional<ImportedImage> &asset = stroke.isMask ? (layer.mask ? std::optional(layer.mask->asset) : std::nullopt) : layer.asset;
+    if (!asset)
         return std::nullopt;
-    // The bar's Radius, whatever the brush's size.
-    const double sigma = std::min(50.0, std::max(0.5, m_brushSettings.blurRadius));
+    // The bar's Radius, carried into the layer's pixels.
+    const QTransform &map = stroke.pixelToDocument;
+    const double perPixel = std::max(1e-6, std::sqrt(std::abs(map.m11() * map.m22() - map.m12() * map.m21())));
+    const double sidePixels = std::max(stroke.sourceRect.width(), stroke.sourceRect.height());
+    const double sigma = std::min(std::min(50.0, std::max(0.5, m_brushSettings.blurRadius)) / perPixel, sidePixels / 2);
+    // Room for the blur to spread past the pixels' edges.
+    const double margin = std::ceil(3 * sigma);
+    const QRectF region = stroke.sourceRect.adjusted(-margin, -margin, margin, margin);
+    // A huge layer's sample is made coarser, within several canvases.
+    const qint64 canvas = m_document ? qint64(m_document->width) * m_document->height : 0;
+    const double budget = double(std::min(DocumentLimits::maxSurfacePixels, std::max<qint64>(16'000'000, 4 * canvas)));
+    const double fit = std::min(1.0, std::sqrt(budget / (region.width() * region.height())));
+    const int width = std::max(1, int(std::ceil(region.width() * fit))), height = std::max(1, int(std::ceil(region.height() * fit)));
+    const QRectF placed(margin * fit, margin * fit, stroke.sourceRect.width() * fit, stroke.sourceRect.height() * fit);
     try {
-        if (mask) {
-            if (!layer->mask)
-                return std::nullopt;
-            QImage context = BrushRaster::context(document.width, document.height, true);
-            // Past its pixels a mask keeps its edge tone.
-            const int tone = int(std::round(LayerMask::background(layer->mask->asset.thumbnail) * 255));
-            context.fill(QColor(tone, tone, tone));
-            QPainter painter(&context);
-            // Coverage only adds white: the mask's area starts black.
-            const LayerTransform placement = layer->maskTransform();
-            painter.save();
-            QTransform box;
-            box.translate(placement.center().x(), placement.center().y());
-            box.rotateRadians(placement.radians());
-            painter.setTransform(box, true);
-            painter.fillRect(QRectF(-placement.size.width() / 2, -placement.size.height() / 2, placement.size.width(), placement.size.height()),
-                             Qt::black);
-            painter.restore();
-            LayerRenderer::drawCoverage(layer->mask->asset.image(), placement, painter);
-            painter.end();
-            return BrushStroke::Clone{context, QSizeF(0, 0), softened(context, sigma, true)};
-        }
-        if (!layer->asset)
-            return std::nullopt;
-        QImage context = BrushRaster::context(document.width, document.height, false);
+        QImage context = BrushRaster::context(width, height, stroke.isMask);
+        // Past its pixels a mask keeps its edge tone.
+        if (stroke.isMask && layer.mask)
+            context.fill(int(std::round(LayerMask::background(layer.mask->asset.thumbnail) * 255)));
         QPainter painter(&context);
         // A painted asset flattens here; the catch covers it too.
-        const LayerTransform transform = displayedTransform(*layer);
-        LayerRenderer::draw(layer->asset->image(), transform, transform.center(), painter, {});
+        BrushRaster::draw(asset->image(), placed, painter);
         painter.end();
-        return BrushStroke::Clone{context, QSizeF(0, 0), softened(context, sigma, false)};
+        // Sharp; only the parts the brush reaches are softened.
+        return BrushStroke::Clone{context, region, true, softened(context, sigma * fit, stroke.isMask)};
     } catch (const ExportError &error) {
         qCWarning(lcApp) << "the Blur tool cannot sample the layer:" << error.what();
         return std::nullopt;

src/Document/BrushStroke+Commit.cpp

@@ -58,6 +58,14 @@ LayerTransform BrushStroke::transform(const QRectF &bounds) const
     return result;
 }
 
+// Offset into grid pixels, turned and scaled as the layer.
+QRectF BrushStroke::gridRect(const QRectF &rect, QSizeF offset) const
+{
+    const QTransform toGrid = pixelToDocument.inverted();
+    const QPointF shift = toGrid.map(QPointF(offset.width(), offset.height())) - toGrid.map(QPointF(0, 0));
+    return rect.translated(-shift);
+}
+
 // Swift's heal: the painted spot rebuilt from nearby texture.
 void BrushStroke::heal()
 {

src/Document/BrushStroke+Stroke.cpp

@@ -281,10 +281,11 @@ QImage BrushStroke::clonePixels(qint64 key, const Tile &tile)
     if (!m_clone)
         return QImage();
     const int width = int(tile.rect.width()), height = int(tile.rect.height());
-    // Tile pixels to clone pixels: grid, document, then offset.
-    const QTransform toWhole = QTransform::fromTranslate(tile.rect.left(), tile.rect.top()) * pixelToDocument
-        * QTransform::fromTranslate(m_clone->offset.width(), m_clone->offset.height());
-    // Swift's clonePiece: the part under the tile, cut once.
+    // Tile to sample pixels; each tile's piece is cut once.
+    const QRectF &placed = m_clone->placed;
+    const QTransform toWhole = QTransform::fromTranslate(tile.rect.left(), tile.rect.top()) * (m_clone->inGrid ? QTransform() : pixelToDocument)
+        * QTransform::fromTranslate(-placed.left(), -placed.top())
+        * QTransform::fromScale(m_clone->image.width() / placed.width(), m_clone->image.height() / placed.height());
     if (!m_clonePieces.contains(key)) {
         const QRect part =
             toWhole.mapRect(QRectF(0, 0, width, height)).adjusted(-2, -2, 2, 2).toAlignedRect().intersected(m_clone->image.rect());

src/Document/BrushStroke.h

@@ -109,10 +109,11 @@ public:
     qint64 pixelLimit = DocumentLimits::documentPixelBudget();
     // Limits every edit to the document selection; nil when none.
     std::optional<SelectionClip> selectionClip;
-    // Clone Stamp: a document-sized image, and each point's offset.
+    // Painted through the tip, placed: document or `inGrid` pixels.
     struct Clone {
         QImage image;
-        QSizeF offset;
+        QRectF placed;
+        bool inGrid;
         // Makes a part of `image`: Blur softens piece by piece.
         std::function<QImage(const QRect &)> render;
     };
@@ -152,6 +153,8 @@ public:
     QRectF committedBounds() const;
     LayerTransform committedTransform() const;
     LayerTransform transform(const QRectF &bounds) const;
+    // `rect` shifted to copy from `offset` document pixels away.
+    QRectF gridRect(const QRectF &rect, QSizeF offset) const;
     // Spot Healing's end: the painted spot rebuilt from around it.
     void heal();
     PaintSnapshot paintSnapshot() const;

src/Document/CloneStamp+Session.h

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ public:
     std::optional<QSizeF> cloneStrokeOffset(QPointF point) const;
     // The source for a brush at `point`: the canvas's crosshair.
     std::optional<QPointF> cloneSamplePoint(QPointF point) const;
-    // What a stroke copies from, document-sized, taken as it starts.
-    std::optional<QImage> cloneSample(const CanvasDocument &document) const;
+    // What `stroke` copies, `offset` away: its pixels or the canvas.
+    std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> cloneSample(const CanvasDocument &document, const BrushStroke &stroke, QSizeF offset) const;

src/Document/CloneStamp.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "Document/EditorSession.h"
 #include "IO/ImageExporter.h"
 #include "Logging.h"
-#include "Rendering/LayerRenderer.h"
 #include <cmath>
 
 // Swift's CloneStamp extension: the source, its offset, the sample.
@@ -40,20 +39,20 @@ std::optional<QPointF> EditorSession::cloneSamplePoint(QPointF point) const
     return point + QPointF(m_cloneOffset->width(), m_cloneOffset->height());
 }
 
-std::optional<QImage> EditorSession::cloneSample(const CanvasDocument &document) const
+std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> EditorSession::cloneSample(const CanvasDocument &document, const BrushStroke &stroke, QSizeF offset) const
 {
     try {
+        // A painted asset flattens here; the catch covers it too.
+        if (!m_cloneSettings.sampleAllLayers) {
+            if (!stroke.layer.asset)
+                return std::nullopt;
+            return BrushStroke::Clone{stroke.layer.asset->image(), stroke.gridRect(stroke.sourceRect, offset), true, {}};
+        }
         QImage context = BrushRaster::context(document.width, document.height, false);
         QPainter painter(&context);
-        // A painted asset flattens here; the catch covers it too.
-        if (m_cloneSettings.sampleAllLayers) {
-            drawLiveComposite(document, painter);
-        } else if (const std::optional<ImageLayer> layer = activeLayer(); layer && layer->asset) {
-            const LayerTransform transform = displayedTransform(*layer);
-            LayerRenderer::draw(layer->asset->image(), transform, transform.center(), painter, {});
-        }
+        drawLiveComposite(document, painter);
         painter.end();
-        return context;
+        return BrushStroke::Clone{context, QRectF(-offset.width(), -offset.height(), context.width(), context.height()), false, {}};
     } catch (const ExportError &error) {
         qCWarning(lcApp) << "Clone Stamp cannot sample the canvas:" << error.what();
         return std::nullopt;

src/Document/EditorSession+Brush.cpp

@@ -37,6 +37,27 @@ bool EditorSession::canPaint() const
         && (m_isMaskSelected || !layer->adjustment);
 }
 
+std::optional<QString> EditorSession::paintRefusal() const
+{
+    const std::optional<ImageLayer> layer = activeLayer();
+    if (!canEditLayers() || !layer || canPaint())
+        return std::nullopt;
+    if (m_selectedLayerIDs.size() > 1)
+        return QStringLiteral("Several layers are selected. Select just one to paint on it.");
+    if (layer->isGroup && !m_isMaskSelected)
+        return QStringLiteral("“%1” is a folder, which has no pixels of its own. Paint on a layer inside it, or on the folder’s mask.").arg(layer->name);
+    if (!m_document->effectiveVisibleIDs().contains(layer->id))
+        return QStringLiteral("“%1” is hidden, or inside a hidden folder. Show it to paint on it.").arg(layer->name);
+    if (m_isMaskSelected && !(layer->mask && layer->mask->isEnabled))
+        return QStringLiteral("The layer mask is turned off. Shift-click its thumbnail to turn it on, then paint.");
+    if (!m_isMaskSelected && layer->adjustment)
+        return QStringLiteral("“%1” is an adjustment layer, with no pixels to paint. Paint on its mask instead.").arg(layer->name);
+    const std::optional<DocumentSelection> current = selection();
+    if (current && current->isEmpty())
+        return QStringLiteral("Nothing is selected, so there’s nowhere to paint. Choose Select › Deselect (Ctrl+D) to paint anywhere.");
+    return std::nullopt;
+}
+
 // A tiled raster edit of pixels or mask, within budget.
 std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> EditorSession::makeRasterEdit(const ImageLayer &layer, const BrushSettings &settings, bool growsMask) const
 {
@@ -74,27 +95,20 @@ void EditorSession::beginBrush(QPointF point)
     }
     // Spot Healing and Clone Stamp rework pixels, never a mask.
     const bool paintsMasks = m_tool == NavigationTool::brush || m_tool == NavigationTool::blur;
-    if ((!paintsMasks && (!isBrushTool(m_tool) || m_isMaskSelected)) || !canPaint())
+    if (!paintsMasks && (!isBrushTool(m_tool) || m_isMaskSelected))
         return;
+    if (!canPaint()) {
+        setBrushError(paintRefusal());
+        return;
+    }
     const ImageLayer layer = activeLayer().value();
-    std::optional<BrushStroke::Clone> clone;
+    std::optional<QSizeF> sourceOffset;
     if (m_tool == NavigationTool::cloneStamp) {
-        const std::optional<QSizeF> offset = cloneStrokeOffset(point);
-        if (!offset) {
+        sourceOffset = cloneStrokeOffset(point);
+        if (!sourceOffset) {
             setBrushError(QStringLiteral("Alt-click where Clone Stamp should copy from first."));
             return;
         }
-        const std::optional<QImage> image = cloneSample(m_document.value());
-        if (!image)
-            return;
-        m_cloneOffset = offset;
-        clone = BrushStroke::Clone{*image, *offset, {}};
-    }
-    // Blur paints a softened copy of the layer, in place.
-    if (m_tool == NavigationTool::blur) {
-        clone = blurSample(m_document.value(), m_isMaskSelected);
-        if (!clone)
-            return;
     }
     finishOpacityEdit();
     try {
@@ -107,9 +121,21 @@ void EditorSession::beginBrush(QPointF point)
             settings.green = settings.red;
             settings.blue = settings.red;
         }
-        m_brushStroke = makeRasterEdit(layer, settings, m_tool == NavigationTool::brush);
-        m_brushStroke->setClone(clone);
-        m_brushStroke->isBlur = m_tool == NavigationTool::blur;
+        std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> stroke = makeRasterEdit(layer, settings, m_tool == NavigationTool::brush);
+        if (sourceOffset) {
+            stroke->setClone(cloneSample(m_document.value(), *stroke, *sourceOffset));
+            if (!stroke->clone())
+                return;
+            m_cloneOffset = sourceOffset;
+        }
+        // Blur paints a softened copy of the layer, in place.
+        if (m_tool == NavigationTool::blur) {
+            stroke->setClone(blurSample(*stroke));
+            if (!stroke->clone())
+                return;
+        }
+        stroke->isBlur = m_tool == NavigationTool::blur;
+        m_brushStroke = std::move(stroke);
         m_brushStroke->append(point);
         m_brushAnchor = point;
         m_brushPointer = point;

src/Document/EditorSession+Brush.h

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // Swift's EditorSession+Brush extension: a stroke from press to commit.
 public:
     bool canPaint() const;
+    // Why the target refuses a stroke; none while busy.
+    std::optional<QString> paintRefusal() const;
     std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> makeRasterEdit(const ImageLayer &layer, const BrushSettings &settings = BrushSettings(), bool growsMask = false) const;
     void beginBrush(QPointF point);
     void continueBrush(QPointF point);

src/Document/Gradient.cpp

@@ -35,8 +35,13 @@ void EditorSession::setGradientSettings(const GradientSettings &settings)
 void EditorSession::beginGradient(QPointF point)
 {
     const std::optional<ImageLayer> layer = activeLayer();
-    if (m_tool != NavigationTool::gradient || !(canPaint() || m_gradientEdit) || !layer)
+    if (m_tool != NavigationTool::gradient || !layer)
         return;
+    // Swift explains only past this guard, where nothing refuses.
+    if (!canPaint() && !m_gradientEdit) {
+        setBrushError(paintRefusal());
+        return;
+    }
     // A new line on this target replaces the pending one.
     if (m_gradientEdit && m_gradientEdit->raster->layer.id == layer->id && m_gradientEdit->raster->isMask == m_isMaskSelected) {
         m_gradientEdit->start = point;

src/Document/Selection.cpp

@@ -420,5 +420,7 @@ void EditorSession::invertSelection()
     const std::optional<DocumentSelection> current = selection();
     if (!m_document || !current)
         return;
-    setSelection(DocumentSelection{canvasPath(*m_document).subtracted(current->path), current->antialiased, current->feather}, QStringLiteral("Inverse"));
+    const DocumentSelection inverse{canvasPath(*m_document).subtracted(current->path), current->antialiased, current->feather};
+    // The inverse of everything is no selection, as Photoshop's.
+    setSelection(inverse.isEmpty() ? std::nullopt : std::optional(inverse), QStringLiteral("Inverse"));
 }

src/Document/SmudgeLiquify.cpp

@@ -229,8 +229,7 @@ void EditorSession::beginWarp(QPointF point)
 {
     const std::optional<ImageLayer> layer = activeLayer();
     if (!canPaint() || m_isMaskSelected || !layer || !layer->asset || !m_document) {
-        if (m_isMaskSelected)
-            setBrushError(QStringLiteral("Smudge and Liquify work on a layer's pixels, not its mask."));
+        setBrushError(m_isMaskSelected ? std::optional(QStringLiteral("Smudge and Liquify work on a layer's pixels, not its mask.")) : paintRefusal());
         return;
     }
     finishOpacityEdit();
@@ -268,7 +267,7 @@ void EditorSession::finishWarp()
                 settings.hardness = 1;
                 settings.opacity = 1;
                 const std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> stroke = makeRasterEdit(current, settings);
-                stroke->setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{warp->image(), QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+                stroke->setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{warp->image(), QRectF(QPointF(0, 0), warp->image().size()), false, {}});
                 stroke->replacesWithClone = true;
                 stroke->editName = rawValue(warp->mode);
                 // A point every twentieth of the tip covers every dab.

src/Rendering/EditorCanvas+Selection.cpp

@@ -85,7 +85,15 @@ bool CanvasView::moveSelectionTool(QPointF point, Qt::KeyboardModifiers modifier
 {
     if (m_pixelDragStart && m_session.document()) {
         const QPointF pixel = m_session.viewport.documentPoint(point, m_session.document()->size());
-        m_session.movePixels(QSizeF(pixel.x() - m_pixelDragStart->x(), pixel.y() - m_pixelDragStart->y()));
+        QSizeF offset(pixel.x() - m_pixelDragStart->x(), pixel.y() - m_pixelDragStart->y());
+        // Shift keeps the pixels on a line, the longer way.
+        if (modifiers.testFlag(Qt::ShiftModifier)) {
+            if (std::abs(offset.width()) >= std::abs(offset.height()))
+                offset.setHeight(0);
+            else
+                offset.setWidth(0);
+        }
+        m_session.movePixels(offset);
         updateCursor();
         synchronizeDisplay();
         return true;

src/UI/CompositorMenus.cpp

@@ -2,20 +2,10 @@
 #include "IO/RecentProjects.h"
 #include "Logging.h"
 #include "UI/KeyboardShortcuts.h"
-#include "UI/NativeLayerList.h"
 #include <QApplication>
 #include <QMenu>
 
 namespace {
-// The layer list holding the keys, as Swift's table.
-NativeLayerList *focusedList()
-{
-    for (QWidget *widget = QApplication::focusWidget(); widget; widget = widget->parentWidget())
-        if (auto *list = qobject_cast<NativeLayerList *>(widget))
-            return list;
-    return nullptr;
-}
-
 // An entry's name: Hue/Saturation is newHueSaturationAdjustment.
 QString adjustmentName(AdjustmentKind kind)
 {
@@ -186,8 +176,6 @@ CompositorMenus::CompositorMenus(ProjectWorkspace &workspace, QMenuBar &bar, QWi
             m_field->selectAll();
         else if (InlineTextEditor *text = typedText())
             text->selectAll();
-        else if (NativeLayerList *list = focusedList())
-            list->selectAllRows();
         else
             session().selectAll();
     });

src/UI/NativeLayerList+Cell.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <QApplication>
 #include <QContextMenuEvent>
 #include <QKeyEvent>
+#include <QLocale>
 #include <QMenu>
 #include <QMouseEvent>
 #include <QPainter>
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ void LayerCell::configure(const ImageLayer &layer, bool enabled, int depth, bool
     m_dimensions->setText(m_editableText   ? QStringLiteral("Text · Double-click to edit")
                           : m_isAdjustment ? QStringLiteral("Adjustment · Double-click to edit")
                           : layer.isGroup  ? QStringLiteral("Folder")
-                                          : QStringLiteral("%1 × %2 px").arg(std::lround(layer.size().width())).arg(std::lround(layer.size().height())));
+                                          : sizeLabel(layer));
     m_dimensions->setToolTip(QString());
     if (layer.maskSourceID && session.document()) {
         const int source = indexOf(session.document()->layers, layer.maskSourceID);
@@ -335,3 +336,18 @@ bool LayerCell::eventFilter(QObject *watched, QEvent *event)
         return false;
     return true;
 }
+
+QString sizeLabel(const ImageLayer &layer)
+{
+    const QString text = QStringLiteral("%1 × %2 px").arg(std::lround(layer.size().width())).arg(std::lround(layer.size().height()));
+    const int pixels = layer.asset ? layer.asset->size().width() : 0;
+    if (pixels <= 0)
+        return text;
+    // Across the width, as the Move bar's Scale field.
+    const double percent = layer.size().width() / pixels * 100;
+    if (std::abs(percent - 100) < 0.05)
+        return text;
+    // Swift's .number to one place at most, ties to even.
+    const double rounded = std::nearbyint(percent * 10) / 10;
+    return text + QStringLiteral(" · ") + QLocale().toString(rounded, 'f', rounded == std::trunc(rounded) ? 0 : 1) + QStringLiteral("%");
+}

src/UI/NativeLayerList.cpp

@@ -261,13 +261,3 @@ void NativeLayerList::changeEvent(QEvent *event)
     if (event->type() == QEvent::PaletteChange)
         QMetaObject::invokeMethod(this, &NativeLayerList::update, Qt::QueuedConnection);
 }
-
-void NativeLayerList::selectAllRows()
-{
-    if (m_rows.empty())
-        return;
-    QSet<QUuid> ids;
-    for (const ImageLayer &row : m_rows)
-        ids.insert(row.id);
-    m_session.selectLayers(ids, m_rows.front().id);
-}

src/UI/NativeLayerList.h

@@ -215,8 +215,6 @@ public:
     QString dragToken() const { return m_dragToken; }
 
     EditorSession &session() const { return m_session; }
-    // The table's Select All: every row, the top one primary.
-    void selectAllRows();
     void update();
     std::vector<LayerCell *> cells() const { return m_cells; }
     // The row under a point of this list, or -1.
@@ -281,3 +279,6 @@ private:
     const QMimeData *m_dragData = nullptr;
     Qt::DropActions m_dragActions;
 };
+
+// The size on the canvas and, once scaled, how much.
+QString sizeLabel(const ImageLayer &layer);

src/UI/TransformInspector.cpp

@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ TransformInspector::TransformInspector(EditorSession &session, QWidget *parent)
       m_rotation(new TransformValueField(QStringLiteral("°"), QString(), -360, 360, session, [this] { finish(); }, [this](double number) {
           change([number](LayerTransform &value) { value.rotation = std::fmod(number, 360.0); });
       })),
-      m_sampling(new QComboBox(this)), m_cancel(new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("Cancel"), this)), m_apply(new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("Apply"), this))
+      m_sampling(new QComboBox(this)), m_cancel(new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("Cancel"), this)), m_apply(new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("Apply"), this)),
+      m_pendingButtons(new QWidget(this)), m_fade(new QGraphicsOpacityEffect(m_pendingButtons)), m_fadeIn(new QPropertyAnimation(m_fade, "opacity", this))
 {
     m_autoSelect->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("transformAutoSelect"));
     m_autoSelect->setToolTip(QStringLiteral("Select layers by clicking the canvas. Hold Ctrl to turn it the other way while you click."));
@@ -176,8 +177,25 @@ TransformInspector::TransformInspector(EditorSession &session, QWidget *parent)
     // Swift's configuredNativeShortcut: Return and Escape, as remapped.
     NativeShortcut::bind(*this, m_apply, m_cancel);
     connect(m_apply, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [this] { m_session.commitTransform(); });
+    m_pendingButtons->setObjectName(QStringLiteral("pendingTransform"));
+    auto *pending = new QHBoxLayout(m_pendingButtons);
+    pending->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0);
+    pending->setSpacing(12);
+    pending->addWidget(m_cancel);
+    pending->addWidget(m_apply);
+    // Unseen, not hidden: Return and Escape still reach a drag.
+    m_pendingButtons->setGraphicsEffect(m_fade);
+    m_fade->setOpacity(0);
+    m_pendingButtons->setAttribute(Qt::WA_TransparentForMouseEvents);
+    m_cancel->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
+    m_apply->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
+    // SwiftUI's easeOut over 0.12 seconds.
+    QEasingCurve easeOut(QEasingCurve::BezierSpline);
+    easeOut.addCubicBezierSegment(QPointF(0, 0), QPointF(0.58, 1), QPointF(1, 1));
+    m_fadeIn->setEasingCurve(easeOut);
+    m_fadeIn->setDuration(120);
     // Before the stretch ending the row, in Swift's order.
-    for (QWidget *widget : std::initializer_list<QWidget *>{m_autoSelect, m_showControls, m_fields, m_cancel, m_apply})
+    for (QWidget *widget : std::initializer_list<QWidget *>{m_autoSelect, m_showControls, m_fields, m_pendingButtons})
         row->insertWidget(row->count() - 1, widget, widget == m_fields ? 1 : 0);
     // The scroll view takes the spare room, as SwiftUI's does.
     row->setStretch(row->count() - 1, 0);
@@ -301,4 +319,16 @@ void TransformInspector::synchronize()
     m_fields->widget()->setEnabled((m_session.canTransform() || editing) && !distorted);
     m_cancel->setEnabled(editing);
     m_apply->setEnabled(editing);
+    // Typed values, Ctrl+T, a distortion wait; a handle drag applies.
+    const bool pending = editing && m_session.transformEdit()->persistent;
+    if (pending == m_pending)
+        return;
+    m_pending = pending;
+    m_pendingButtons->setAttribute(Qt::WA_TransparentForMouseEvents, !pending);
+    m_cancel->setFocusPolicy(pending ? Qt::StrongFocus : Qt::NoFocus);
+    m_apply->setFocusPolicy(pending ? Qt::StrongFocus : Qt::NoFocus);
+    m_fadeIn->stop();
+    m_fadeIn->setStartValue(m_fade->opacity());
+    m_fadeIn->setEndValue(pending ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+    m_fadeIn->start();
 }

src/UI/TransformInspector.h

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 #include "UI/ToolHeaderStyle.h"
 #include <QCheckBox>
 #include <QComboBox>
+#include <QGraphicsOpacityEffect>
 #include <QLineEdit>
+#include <QPropertyAnimation>
 #include <QPushButton>
 #include <QScrollArea>
 #include <QToolButton>
@@ -80,4 +82,9 @@ private:
     QComboBox *const m_sampling;
     QPushButton *const m_cancel;
     QPushButton *const m_apply;
+    // Cancel and Apply, seen only while an edit waits.
+    QWidget *const m_pendingButtons;
+    QGraphicsOpacityEffect *const m_fade;
+    QPropertyAnimation *const m_fadeIn;
+    bool m_pending = false;
 };

tests/BlurToolTests.cpp

@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ private slots:
     void clearEdgesFadeAndClampedEdgesHold();
     void grayBlursAndBadInputIsRefused();
     void theSampleFollowsTheRadius();
-    void aMaskSampleKeepsItsEdgeToneAndPlacement();
+    void theSampleIsInTheLayersOwnPixels();
+    void aHugeLayersSampleIsMadeCoarser();
+    void aMaskSampleKeepsItsEdgeTone();
     void aBlurStrokeSoftensUnderTheBrushAsOneStep();
     void aBlurStrokeSoftensAMask();
     void aMaskBetweenPixelsTakesTheFraction();
@@ -127,29 +129,129 @@ void BlurToolTests::grayBlursAndBadInputIsRefused()
     QVERIFY_THROWS_EXCEPTION(std::logic_error, PixelAdjust::gaussianBlur(step.convertToFormat(QImage::Format_RGB32), 2, true));
 }
 
+// The expected sharp sample: `image` at `margin` in.
+QImage framed(const QImage &image, QSizeF size, int margin, bool mask, int tone = 0, double fit = 1)
+{
+    QImage context = BrushRaster::context(int(std::ceil((size.width() + 2 * margin) * fit)), int(std::ceil((size.height() + 2 * margin) * fit)), mask);
+    if (mask)
+        context.fill(tone);
+    QPainter painter(&context);
+    BrushRaster::draw(image, QRectF(margin * fit, margin * fit, size.width() * fit, size.height() * fit), painter);
+    painter.end();
+    return context;
+}
+
+// The expected softened sample, blurred whole.
+QImage sampled(const QImage &image, QSizeF size, int margin, double sigma, bool mask, int tone = 0, double fit = 1)
+{
+    return PixelAdjust::gaussianBlur(framed(image, size, margin, mask, tone, fit), sigma * fit, mask);
+}
+
+// The sample softened whole, through its pieces' function.
+QImage soft(const BrushStroke::Clone &sample)
+{
+    return sample.render(sample.image.rect());
+}
+
 void BlurToolTests::theSampleFollowsTheRadius()
 {
     EditorSession session;
-    blurring(session, BrushSettings{.diameter = 60});
-    const CanvasDocument document = session.document().value();
+    blurring(session, BrushSettings{.diameter = 60, .blurRadius = 6});
     const QImage sharp = edge(60, 40);
-    // The bar's Radius, within 0.5 and 50, whatever the size.
-    for (const auto &[radius, sigma] : {std::pair(6.0, 6.0), std::pair(0.1, 0.5), std::pair(90.0, 50.0)}) {
+    // The Radius, from 0.5, at most half the layer's side.
+    for (const auto &[radius, sigma] : {std::pair(6.0, 6.0), std::pair(0.1, 0.5), std::pair(90.0, 30.0)}) {
         BrushSettings settings = session.brushSettings();
         settings.blurRadius = radius;
-        settings.diameter = 3 * radius;
+        settings.diameter = radius < 10 ? 90 : 5;
         session.setBrushSettings(settings);
-        const BrushStroke::Clone sample = session.blurSample(document).value();
-        QCOMPARE(sample.image, sharp);
-        QCOMPARE(sample.render(sharp.rect()), PixelAdjust::gaussianBlur(sharp, sigma, false));
+        const std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> stroke = session.makeRasterEdit(session.activeLayer().value(), settings);
+        const BrushStroke::Clone sample = session.blurSample(*stroke).value();
+        const int margin = int(std::ceil(3 * sigma));
+        QCOMPARE(sample.image, framed(sharp, QSizeF(60, 40), margin, false));
+        QCOMPARE(soft(sample), sampled(sharp, QSizeF(60, 40), margin, sigma, false));
+        QCOMPARE(sample.placed, QRectF(-margin, -margin, 60 + 2 * margin, 40 + 2 * margin));
+        QVERIFY(sample.inGrid);
     }
-    // No layer, nothing to soften.
-    session.selectLayer(std::nullopt);
-    QVERIFY(!session.blurSample(document));
-    QVERIFY(!session.blurSample(document, true));
+    // On a wide layer, the Radius stops at 50.
+    EditorSession wide;
+    wide.createDocument(400, 300);
+    const QImage broad = edge(400, 300);
+    wide.insert(ImportedImage(broad, broad, QStringLiteral("Edge")));
+    wide.setBrushSettings(BrushSettings{.diameter = 60, .blurRadius = 80});
+    const std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> broadStroke = wide.makeRasterEdit(wide.activeLayer().value(), wide.brushSettings());
+    QCOMPARE(wide.blurSample(*broadStroke).value().placed, QRectF(-150, -150, 700, 600));
+    // A blank layer or missing mask has nothing to soften.
+    session.addBlankLayer();
+    const BrushSettings settings = session.brushSettings();
+    QVERIFY(!session.blurSample(*session.makeRasterEdit(session.activeLayer().value(), settings)));
+    QVERIFY(!session.blurSample(BrushStroke(session.activeLayer().value(), true, settings, QSizeF(60, 40))));
+    // So a Blur stroke there never begins.
+    session.beginBrush(QPointF(30, 20));
+    QVERIFY(!session.brushStroke());
 }
 
-void BlurToolTests::aMaskSampleKeepsItsEdgeToneAndPlacement()
+void BlurToolTests::theSampleIsInTheLayersOwnPixels()
+{
+    // Twice as fine as the canvas: the softening doubles.
+    EditorSession session;
+    blurring(session, BrushSettings{.diameter = 20, .blurRadius = 2});
+    const QImage fine = edge(120, 80);
+    session.insert(ImportedImage(fine, fine, QStringLiteral("Fine")));
+    const QUuid id = session.activeLayerID().value();
+    rewrite(session, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform = LayerTransform{.origin = {0, 0}, .size = {60, 40}}; });
+    const BrushSettings settings = session.brushSettings();
+    BrushStroke stroke(session.activeLayer().value(), false, settings, QSizeF(60, 40));
+    QCOMPARE(stroke.sourceRect, QRectF(0, 0, 120, 80));
+    BrushStroke::Clone sample = session.blurSample(stroke).value();
+    QCOMPARE(soft(sample), sampled(fine, QSizeF(120, 80), 12, 4, false));
+    QCOMPARE(sample.placed, QRectF(-12, -12, 144, 104));
+    // Turned, the softening is the same in its own pixels.
+    rewrite(session, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform.rotation = 45; });
+    BrushStroke turned(session.activeLayer().value(), false, settings, QSizeF(60, 40));
+    sample = session.blurSample(turned).value();
+    QCOMPARE(soft(sample), sampled(fine, QSizeF(120, 80), 12, 4, false));
+    QCOMPARE(sample.placed, turned.sourceRect.adjusted(-12, -12, 12, 12));
+    // A tiny layer caps the softening at half its side.
+    session.setBrushSettings(BrushSettings{.diameter = 60, .blurRadius = 6});
+    QImage tiny = BrushRaster::context(4, 2, false);
+    tiny.fill(Qt::red);
+    BrushStroke small(ImageLayer(ImportedImage(tiny, tiny, QStringLiteral("Tiny")), QPointF(10, 10)), false, settings, QSizeF(60, 40));
+    sample = session.blurSample(small).value();
+    QCOMPARE(soft(sample), sampled(tiny, QSizeF(4, 2), 6, 2, false));
+    QCOMPARE(sample.placed, small.sourceRect.adjusted(-6, -6, 6, 6));
+}
+
+void BlurToolTests::aHugeLayersSampleIsMadeCoarser()
+{
+    // Sixteen million pixels at most, or four canvases.
+    EditorSession session;
+    session.createDocument(100, 100);
+    const QImage huge = edge(4200, 3900);
+    session.insert(ImportedImage(huge, huge, QStringLiteral("Huge")));
+    const QUuid id = session.activeLayerID().value();
+    rewrite(session, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform = LayerTransform{.origin = {0, 0}, .size = {420, 390}}; });
+    session.setBrushSettings(BrushSettings{.diameter = 15, .blurRadius = 1.5});
+    const BrushSettings settings = session.brushSettings();
+    BrushStroke stroke(session.activeLayer().value(), false, settings, QSizeF(100, 100));
+    QCOMPARE(stroke.sourceRect.size(), QSizeF(4200, 3900));
+    // A tenth as large: softening 15, margin 45.
+    const BrushStroke::Clone sample = session.blurSample(stroke).value();
+    QCOMPARE(sample.placed, stroke.sourceRect.adjusted(-45, -45, 45, 45));
+    const double fit = std::sqrt(16'000'000.0 / (4290.0 * 3990.0));
+    QCOMPARE(sample.image.size(), QSize(4148, 3858));
+    QCOMPARE(soft(sample), sampled(huge, QSizeF(4200, 3900), 45, 15, false, 0, fit));
+    // A larger canvas lifts the budget: four of them.
+    EditorSession roomy;
+    roomy.createDocument(2100, 2100);
+    roomy.insert(ImportedImage(huge, huge, QStringLiteral("Huge")));
+    const QUuid roomyID = roomy.activeLayerID().value();
+    rewrite(roomy, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, roomyID).transform = LayerTransform{.origin = {0, 0}, .size = {420, 390}}; });
+    roomy.setBrushSettings(settings);
+    BrushStroke whole(roomy.activeLayer().value(), false, settings, QSizeF(2100, 2100));
+    QCOMPARE(roomy.blurSample(whole).value().image.size(), QSize(4290, 3990));
+}
+
+void BlurToolTests::aMaskSampleKeepsItsEdgeTone()
 {
     EditorSession session;
     blurring(session, BrushSettings{.diameter = 20, .blurRadius = 2});
@@ -157,7 +259,7 @@ void BlurToolTests::aMaskSampleKeepsItsEdgeToneAndPlacement()
     // A white mask with a black bar, placed mid-layer.
     QImage mask(20, 20, QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
     mask.fill(255);
-    for (int y = 0; y < 20; ++y)
+    for (int y = 2; y < 18; ++y)
         for (int x = 8; x < 12; ++x)
             mask.scanLine(y)[x] = 0;
     rewrite(session, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) {
@@ -165,36 +267,18 @@ void BlurToolTests::aMaskSampleKeepsItsEdgeToneAndPlacement()
         record(snapshot, id).maskPlacement = LayerTransform{.origin = {20, 10}, .size = {20, 20}};
         record(snapshot, id).maskLinked = false;
     });
-    const BrushStroke::Clone clone = session.blurSample(session.document().value(), true).value();
-    const QImage sample = clone.render(clone.image.rect());
-    QCOMPARE(sample.format(), QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
-    QImage expected(60, 40, QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
+    BrushStroke stroke(session.activeLayer().value(), true, session.brushSettings(), QSizeF(60, 40));
+    const BrushStroke::Clone sample = session.blurSample(stroke).value();
+    QCOMPARE(sample.image.format(), QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
     // Past its pixels the mask keeps its edge's tone: white.
-    expected.fill(255);
-    QPainter painter(&expected);
-    painter.drawImage(QRectF(20, 10, 20, 20), mask);
-    painter.end();
-    QCOMPARE(sample, PixelAdjust::gaussianBlur(expected, 2, true));
-    QVERIFY(sample.constScanLine(20)[30] < 128 && sample.constScanLine(2)[2] == 255);
-    // Turned, the black box turns with the mask.
-    EditorSession turned;
-    turned.createDocument(100, 60);
-    const QImage wide = edge(100, 60);
-    turned.insert(ImportedImage(wide, wide, QStringLiteral("Edge")));
-    const QUuid wideID = turned.activeLayerID().value();
-    QImage white(40, 40, QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
-    white.fill(255);
-    rewrite(turned, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) {
-        setMask(snapshot, wideID, LayerMask::assetFrom(white));
-        record(snapshot, wideID).maskPlacement = LayerTransform{.origin = {30, 10}, .size = {40, 40}, .rotation = 30};
-        record(snapshot, wideID).maskLinked = false;
-    });
-    turned.setBrushSettings(BrushSettings{.diameter = 5, .blurRadius = 1.5});
-    const BrushStroke::Clone sharp = turned.blurSample(turned.document().value(), true).value();
-    const QImage soft = sharp.render(sharp.image.rect());
-    // Past the true box, inside one turned the other way.
-    QVERIFY2(soft.constScanLine(36)[73] > 240, qPrintable(QString::number(soft.constScanLine(36)[73])));
-    QVERIFY2(soft.constScanLine(24)[27] > 240, qPrintable(QString::number(soft.constScanLine(24)[27])));
+    QCOMPARE(soft(sample), sampled(mask, QSizeF(20, 20), 6, 2, true, 255));
+    QCOMPARE(sample.placed, QRectF(-6, -6, 32, 32));
+    QVERIFY(soft(sample).constScanLine(16)[16] < 128 && soft(sample).constScanLine(1)[1] == 255);
+    // A black edge keeps black past it.
+    mask.fill(0);
+    rewrite(session, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { setMask(snapshot, id, LayerMask::assetFrom(mask)); });
+    BrushStroke black(session.activeLayer().value(), true, session.brushSettings(), QSizeF(60, 40));
+    QCOMPARE(soft(session.blurSample(black).value()), sampled(mask, QSizeF(20, 20), 6, 2, true, 0));
 }
 
 void BlurToolTests::aBlurStrokeSoftensUnderTheBrushAsOneStep()
@@ -265,7 +349,7 @@ void BlurToolTests::aMaskBetweenPixelsTakesTheFraction()
     for (int y = 0; y < 20; ++y)
         for (int x = 0; x < 80; ++x)
             steps.scanLine(y)[x] = x < 21 ? 0 : 200;
-    paint.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{steps, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    paint.setClone(documentClone(steps, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     paint.isBlur = true;
     paint.append(QPointF(21, 10));
     const QImage tile = paint.patches().at(0).image;
@@ -285,7 +369,7 @@ void BlurToolTests::aMaskPastTheCanvasEdgeKeepsItsTone()
     white.fill(255);
     layer.mask = LayerMask(LayerMask::assetFrom(white));
     BrushStroke paint(layer, true, brush(6, 1, 1, 1, 1), QSizeF(20, 20));
-    paint.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{white, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    paint.setClone(documentClone(white, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     paint.isBlur = true;
     paint.append(QPointF(0, 10));
     const QImage tile = paint.patches().at(0).image;
@@ -296,7 +380,7 @@ void BlurToolTests::aMaskPastTheCanvasEdgeKeepsItsTone()
     black.fill(0);
     layer.mask = LayerMask(LayerMask::assetFrom(black));
     BrushStroke over(layer, true, brush(6, 1, 1, 1, 1), QSizeF(20, 20));
-    over.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{white, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    over.setClone(documentClone(white, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     over.isBlur = true;
     over.append(QPointF(0, 10));
     QCOMPARE(int(over.patches().at(0).image.constScanLine(10)[0]), 128);

tests/BrushFixtures.h

@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@ inline BrushSettings brush(double diameter, double hardness, double red, double
     return BrushSettings{.diameter = diameter, .hardness = hardness, .red = red, .green = green, .blue = blue, .opacity = opacity};
 }
 
+// A document-pixel clone, copied from `offset` away.
+inline BrushStroke::Clone documentClone(const QImage &image, QSizeF offset = QSizeF(0, 0))
+{
+    return {image, QRectF(-offset.width(), -offset.height(), image.width(), image.height()), false, {}};
+}
+
 inline ImageLayer blankLayer(int width, int height)
 {
     return ImageLayer(QStringLiteral("Layer 1"), QSizeF(width, height));

tests/CloneStampTests.cpp

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ private slots:
     void theActiveLayerAloneOrEveryVisibleLayerIsSampled();
     void aMaskIsNeverCloned();
     void aScaledLayerSamplesThroughItsGrid();
+    void aGridCloneIsScaledOntoItsPlace();
     void aLayerBetweenPixelsSamplesTheFraction();
     void aQuarterPixelWeighsItsNeighbours();
     void opacityAndTheSelectionLimitTheClone();
@@ -249,7 +250,7 @@ void CloneStampTests::aScaledLayerSamplesThroughItsGrid()
     ImageLayer layer(ImportedImage(clear, clear, QStringLiteral("Scaled")), QPointF(0, 0));
     layer.transform.size = QSizeF(40, 20);
     BrushStroke paint(layer, false, brush(30, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(80, 20));
-    paint.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{edged(80, 20, 31), QSizeF(10, 0), {}});
+    paint.setClone(documentClone(edged(80, 20, 31), QSizeF(10, 0)));
     paint.append(QPointF(21, 10));
     const QImage tile = paint.patches().at(0).image;
     // Grid pixel 10 sits at document 21, sampling 31.
@@ -258,13 +259,25 @@ void CloneStampTests::aScaledLayerSamplesThroughItsGrid()
     QCOMPARE(pixel(tile, 11, 5), bluePixel);
 }
 
+void CloneStampTests::aGridCloneIsScaledOntoItsPlace()
+{
+    // Half as many pixels as their place: each spans two.
+    ImageLayer layer(QStringLiteral("Blank"), QSizeF(40, 20));
+    BrushStroke paint(layer, false, brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(40, 20));
+    paint.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{edged(20, 10, 10), QRectF(0, 0, 40, 20), true, {}});
+    paint.append(QPointF(15, 10));
+    const QImage tile = paint.patches().at(0).image;
+    QCOMPARE(pixel(tile, 17, 10), redPixel);
+    QCOMPARE(pixel(tile, 22, 10), bluePixel);
+}
+
 void CloneStampTests::aLayerBetweenPixelsSamplesTheFraction()
 {
     // Half a pixel right: each grid centre falls between two.
     ImageLayer layer(QStringLiteral("Blank"), QSizeF(40, 20));
     layer.transform.origin = QPointF(0.5, 0);
     BrushStroke paint(layer, false, brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(80, 20));
-    paint.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{edged(80, 20, 31), QSizeF(3, 0), {}});
+    paint.setClone(documentClone(edged(80, 20, 31), QSizeF(3, 0)));
     paint.append(QPointF(28, 10));
     const QPointF centre = paint.pixelToDocument.map(QPointF(28.5, 10.5));
     QCOMPARE(centre, QPointF(28, 10.5));
@@ -279,7 +292,7 @@ void CloneStampTests::aLayerBetweenPixelsSamplesTheFraction()
     QImage rows = BrushRaster::context(40, 40, false);
     rows.fill(QColor(255, 0, 0));
     QPainter(&rows).fillRect(QRect(0, 12, 40, 28), QColor(0, 0, 255));
-    down.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{rows, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    down.setClone(documentClone(rows, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     down.append(QPointF(20, 12));
     const QImage lowTile = down.patches().at(0).image;
     const int row = int(std::floor(down.pixelToDocument.inverted().map(QPointF(20, 12)).y()));
@@ -297,7 +310,7 @@ void CloneStampTests::aQuarterPixelWeighsItsNeighbours()
         return std::abs(pixel[0] - red) <= 2 && pixel[1] == 0 && std::abs(pixel[2] - blue) <= 2 && pixel[3] == 255;
     };
     BrushStroke across(layer, false, brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(80, 40));
-    across.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{edged(80, 40, 31), QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    across.setClone(documentClone(edged(80, 40, 31), QSizeF(0, 0)));
     across.append(QPointF(31, 12));
     QCOMPARE(across.pixelToDocument.map(QPointF(31.5, 12.5)), QPointF(30.75, 12.25));
     const std::vector<int> mixed = pixel(across.patches().at(0).image, 31, 12);
@@ -307,7 +320,7 @@ void CloneStampTests::aQuarterPixelWeighsItsNeighbours()
     rows.fill(QColor(255, 0, 0));
     QPainter(&rows).fillRect(QRect(0, 12, 80, 28), QColor(0, 0, 255));
     BrushStroke down(layer, false, brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(80, 40));
-    down.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{rows, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    down.setClone(documentClone(rows, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     down.append(QPointF(20, 12));
     const std::vector<int> stacked = pixel(down.patches().at(0).image, 20, 12);
     QVERIFY2(near(stacked, 64, 191), qPrintable(QString("%1 %2").arg(stacked[0]).arg(stacked[2])));
@@ -321,7 +334,7 @@ void CloneStampTests::opacityAndTheSelectionLimitTheClone()
     over.fill(QColor(255, 0, 0));
     BrushStroke half(ImageLayer(ImportedImage(under, under, QStringLiteral("Blue")), QPointF(0, 0)), false, brush(10, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0.5),
                      QSizeF(40, 20));
-    half.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{over, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    half.setClone(documentClone(over, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     half.append(QPointF(10, 10));
     // Each byte is rounded once: 127.5 and 127.5 make 128.
     QCOMPARE(pixel(half.patches().at(0).image, 10, 10), (std::vector<int>{128, 0, 128, 255}));
@@ -337,7 +350,7 @@ void CloneStampTests::opacityAndTheSelectionLimitTheClone()
         painter.setCompositionMode(QPainter::CompositionMode_Clear);
         painter.fillRect(QRect(0, 0, 40, 5), Qt::transparent);
     }
-    bounded.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{sample, QSizeF(0, 0), {}});
+    bounded.setClone(documentClone(sample, QSizeF(0, 0)));
     bounded.append(QPointF(10, 8));
     const QImage tile = bounded.patches().at(0).image;
     QCOMPARE(pixel(tile, 8, 8), redPixel);

tests/LargeCanvasBrushTests.cpp

@@ -126,10 +126,15 @@ void LargeCanvasBrushTests::blurPiecesMatchTheWhole()
     BrushSettings settings = session.brushSettings();
     settings.blurRadius = 12;
     session.setBrushSettings(settings);
-    const BrushStroke::Clone blur = session.blurSample(session.document().value(), mask).value();
+    const ImageLayer layer = session.activeLayer().value();
+    const std::unique_ptr<BrushStroke> stroke =
+        mask ? std::make_unique<BrushStroke>(layer, true, settings, QSizeF(600, 600)) : session.makeRasterEdit(layer, settings);
+    const BrushStroke::Clone blur = session.blurSample(*stroke).value();
     const QImage whole = blur.render(blur.image.rect());
-    QCOMPARE(whole.size(), QSize(600, 600));
-    for (const QRect part : {QRect(0, 0, 256, 256), QRect(250, 300, 260, 180), QRect(500, 530, 100, 70)}) {
+    // The sample reaches three sigmas past the layer.
+    QCOMPARE(whole.size(), QSize(672, 672));
+    const int width = blur.image.width(), height = blur.image.height();
+    for (const QRect part : {QRect(0, 0, 256, 256), QRect(250, 300, 260, 180), QRect(width - 100, height - 70, 100, 70)}) {
         const QImage piece = blur.render(part);
         QCOMPARE(piece.size(), part.size());
         QCOMPARE(piece, whole.copy(part));
@@ -144,7 +149,7 @@ void LargeCanvasBrushTests::piecesAreCutOnceWhereTheBrushReaches()
     const ImageLayer layer(ImportedImage(image, image, QStringLiteral("Red")), QPointF(0, 0));
     BrushStroke stroke(layer, false, brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(1000, 1000));
     std::vector<QRect> parts;
-    stroke.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{image, QSizeF(0, 0), [&](const QRect &part) {
+    stroke.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{image, QRectF(0, 0, 1000, 1000), false, [&](const QRect &part) {
                                            parts.push_back(part);
                                            return image.copy(part);
                                        }});
@@ -174,7 +179,7 @@ void LargeCanvasBrushTests::piecesAreCutOnceWhereTheBrushReaches()
     QImage blue = BrushRaster::context(200, 200, false);
     blue.fill(Qt::blue);
     parts.clear();
-    past.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{blue, QSizeF(0, 0), [&](const QRect &part) {
+    past.setClone(BrushStroke::Clone{blue, QRectF(0, 0, 200, 200), false, [&](const QRect &part) {
                                          parts.push_back(part);
                                          return blue.copy(part);
                                      }});

tests/NativeResolutionPaintTests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+#include "BrushFixtures.h"
+#include "CanvasFixtures.h"
+#include "UI/NativeLayerList.h"
+
+// Swift's NativeResolutionPaintTests: paint lands at the layer's resolution.
+class NativeResolutionPaintTests : public QObject {
+    Q_OBJECT
+private slots:
+    void erasingAScaledDownImageKeepsItsResolution();
+    void erasingAnUnevenOrTurnedLayerKeepsItsResolution();
+    void canvasShowsTheErasedEdgeSmoothlyAfterScalingBackUp();
+    void paintingABlankLayerThatWasScaledDownPaintsAtDocumentResolution();
+    void cloneStampCopiesTheLayersOwnDetail();
+    void cloneStampCarriesTheOffsetIntoTheLayer();
+    void blurKeepsTheLayersResolution();
+    void layersPanelSaysHowFarALayerIsScaled();
+};
+
+namespace {
+std::vector<int> channel(const QImage &image, int which)
+{
+    const QImage bytes = image.convertToFormat(QImage::Format_RGBA8888_Premultiplied);
+    std::vector<int> values;
+    values.reserve(size_t(bytes.width()) * bytes.height());
+    for (int y = 0; y < bytes.height(); ++y)
+        for (int x = 0; x < bytes.width(); ++x)
+            values.push_back(bytes.constScanLine(y)[x * 4 + which]);
+    return values;
+}
+
+// Where each row first drops below half alpha, from `start`.
+std::vector<int> edge(const std::vector<int> &values, int width, int first, int last, int start)
+{
+    std::vector<int> outline;
+    for (int y = first; y <= last; ++y) {
+        int x = start;
+        while (x < width && values[size_t(y) * width + x] >= 128)
+            ++x;
+        outline.push_back(x);
+    }
+    return outline;
+}
+
+int largestStep(const std::vector<int> &outline)
+{
+    int largest = 0;
+    for (size_t index = 1; index < outline.size(); ++index)
+        largest = std::max(largest, std::abs(outline[index] - outline[index - 1]));
+    return largest;
+}
+
+// A red square of `source` pixels, shown `scale` times, centred.
+std::unique_ptr<EditorSession> session(double scale, int source = 1000)
+{
+    auto made = std::make_unique<EditorSession>();
+    made->createDocument(200, 200);
+    made->insert(filled(source, source, qRgba(255, 0, 0, 255), QStringLiteral("Photo")));
+    const QUuid id = made->activeLayerID().value();
+    const double side = source * scale;
+    rewrite(*made, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform = LayerTransform{.origin = {100 - side / 2, 100 - side / 2}, .size = {side, side}}; });
+    made->selectTool(NavigationTool::brush);
+    made->setBrushMode(BrushToolMode::erase);
+    made->setBrushSettings(brush(40, 1, 0, 0, 0));
+    return made;
+}
+
+// Black and white two-pixel checks left, red right, at 10%.
+std::unique_ptr<EditorSession> checkerSession()
+{
+    QImage image = BrushRaster::context(1000, 1000, false);
+    QPainter painter(&image);
+    painter.fillRect(QRect(500, 0, 500, 1000), Qt::red);
+    painter.fillRect(QRect(0, 0, 500, 1000), Qt::white);
+    for (int y = 0; y < 1000; y += 2)
+        for (int x = (y / 2) % 2 == 0 ? 0 : 2; x < 500; x += 4)
+            painter.fillRect(QRect(x, y, 2, 2), Qt::black);
+    painter.end();
+    auto made = std::make_unique<EditorSession>();
+    made->createDocument(200, 200);
+    made->insert(ImportedImage(image, image, QStringLiteral("Checker")));
+    const QUuid id = made->activeLayerID().value();
+    rewrite(*made, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform = LayerTransform{.origin = {50, 50}, .size = {100, 100}}; });
+    return made;
+}
+
+bool holdsBoth(const std::vector<int> &values)
+{
+    return std::any_of(values.begin(), values.end(), [](int value) { return value < 30; })
+        && std::any_of(values.begin(), values.end(), [](int value) { return value > 225; });
+}
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::erasingAScaledDownImageKeepsItsResolution()
+{
+    const auto made = session(0.1);
+    made->beginBrush(QPointF(100, 100));
+    made->finishBrush();
+    QVERIFY(!made->brushError());
+    const QImage image = made->activeLayer().value().asset.value().image();
+    QCOMPARE(image.size(), QSize(1000, 1000));
+    // A 40-pixel hole at 10%: 400 image pixels.
+    const std::vector<int> values = channel(image, 3);
+    QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + 500], 0);
+    QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + 250], 255);
+    QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + 280], 255);
+    QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + 320], 0);
+    // A coarse grid's outline would step by ten a row.
+    QVERIFY(largestStep(edge(values, 1000, 330, 470, 250)) <= 4);
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::erasingAnUnevenOrTurnedLayerKeepsItsResolution()
+{
+    // Swift's CPU fallback case: the twin's only path.
+    for (const bool rotated : {false, true}) {
+        const auto made = session(0.1);
+        ImageLayer layer = made->activeLayer().value();
+        layer.transform.size.setHeight(layer.transform.size.height() + 0.013);
+        if (rotated)
+            layer.transform.rotation = 30;
+        BrushSettings settings = made->brushSettings();
+        settings.erasing = true;
+        BrushStroke stroke(layer, false, settings, QSizeF(200, 200));
+        stroke.append(QPointF(100, 100));
+        stroke.flush();
+        const QImage image = stroke.paintSnapshot().asset.image();
+        QCOMPARE(image.width(), 1000);
+        const std::vector<int> values = channel(image, 3);
+        QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + 500], 0);
+        QVERIFY2(largestStep(edge(values, 1000, 330, 470, 250)) <= 4, rotated ? "rotated" : "uneven");
+    }
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::canvasShowsTheErasedEdgeSmoothlyAfterScalingBackUp()
+{
+    Shown shown(QSize(400, 400), QSize(800, 600));
+    shown.settle();
+    EditorSession &session = shown.session;
+    session.insert(filled(1000, 1000, qRgba(255, 0, 0, 255), QStringLiteral("Photo")));
+    const QUuid id = session.activeLayerID().value();
+    LayerTransform small{.origin = {180, 180}, .size = {40, 40}};
+    small.sampling = LayerSampling::high;
+    rewrite(session, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform = small; });
+    session.zoom(1);
+    shown.canvas->synchronizeDisplay();
+    shown.canvas->grab();
+    session.selectTool(NavigationTool::brush);
+    session.setBrushMode(BrushToolMode::erase);
+    session.setBrushSettings(brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0));
+    session.beginBrush(QPointF(200, 200));
+    QVERIFY(session.finishBrushImmediately());
+    shown.canvas->synchronizeDisplay();
+    shown.canvas->grab();
+    // Scaled back up as the Move tool would.
+    LayerTransform large = session.activeLayer().value().transform;
+    large.origin = {0, 0};
+    large.size = {400, 400};
+    session.selectTool(NavigationTool::move);
+    session.beginTransform();
+    session.previewTransform(large);
+    session.commitTransform();
+    shown.canvas->synchronizeDisplay();
+    const QImage view = shown.canvas->grab().toImage();
+    // A 500-pixel hole: 200 document pixels, a point each.
+    const QPointF point = session.viewport.viewPoint(QPointF(200, 200), shown.documentSize());
+    const int cx = int(point.x()), cy = int(point.y());
+    const auto erased = [&](int x, int y) {
+        const QColor colour = view.pixelColor(x, y);
+        return colour.redF() < 0.6 || colour.greenF() > 0.6;
+    };
+    QVERIFY(erased(cx, cy));
+    QVERIFY(!erased(cx - 120, cy));
+    std::vector<int> outline;
+    for (int y = cy - 70; y <= cy - 5; ++y) {
+        int x = cx - 120;
+        while (x < cx && !erased(x, y))
+            ++x;
+        outline.push_back(x);
+    }
+    QVERIFY(largestStep(outline) <= 3);
+    // The arc's widest row reaches a hundred points out.
+    QVERIFY(std::abs(outline.back() - (cx - 100)) <= 2);
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::paintingABlankLayerThatWasScaledDownPaintsAtDocumentResolution()
+{
+    EditorSession made;
+    made.createDocument(200, 200);
+    made.addBlankLayer();
+    const QUuid id = made.activeLayerID().value();
+    rewrite(made, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform = LayerTransform{.origin = {90, 90}, .size = {20, 20}}; });
+    made.selectTool(NavigationTool::brush);
+    made.setBrushSettings(brush(40, 1, 1, 0, 0));
+    made.beginBrush(QPointF(100, 100));
+    made.finishBrush();
+    const ImageLayer layer = made.activeLayer().value();
+    const QImage image = layer.asset.value().image();
+    // A layer pixel per document pixel, however small it was.
+    QVERIFY(std::abs(image.width() - layer.transform.size.width()) <= 1);
+    QVERIFY(image.width() >= 38);
+    QCOMPARE(layer.transform.size, QSizeF(image.size()));
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::cloneStampCopiesTheLayersOwnDetail()
+{
+    const auto made = checkerSession();
+    made->selectTool(NavigationTool::cloneStamp);
+    made->setCloneSource(QPointF(70, 100));
+    made->setBrushSettings(brush(10, 1, 0, 0, 0));
+    made->beginBrush(QPointF(130, 100));
+    made->finishBrush();
+    QVERIFY(!made->brushError());
+    const QImage image = made->activeLayer().value().asset.value().image();
+    QCOMPARE(image.width(), 1000);
+    // The checks, too fine to see at 10%, arrive whole.
+    const std::vector<int> values = channel(image, 1);
+    QVERIFY(holdsBoth(std::vector<int>(values.begin() + 500 * 1000 + 790, values.begin() + 500 * 1000 + 810)));
+    // Copied pixel for pixel, 600 image pixels to the left.
+    for (int x = 790; x < 810; ++x)
+        QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + x], values[500 * 1000 + x - 600]);
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::cloneStampCarriesTheOffsetIntoTheLayer()
+{
+    // Flipped, the source lies the other way in pixels.
+    const auto made = checkerSession();
+    const QUuid id = made->activeLayerID().value();
+    rewrite(*made, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) { record(snapshot, id).transform.flipX = true; });
+    BrushStroke stroke(made->activeLayer().value(), false, brush(10, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(200, 200));
+    QCOMPARE(stroke.gridRect(QRectF(0, 0, 1000, 1000), QSizeF(-60, 0)), QRectF(-600, 0, 1000, 1000));
+    made->selectTool(NavigationTool::cloneStamp);
+    made->setCloneSource(QPointF(130, 100));
+    made->setBrushSettings(brush(10, 1, 0, 0, 0));
+    made->beginBrush(QPointF(70, 100));
+    made->finishBrush();
+    const std::vector<int> values = channel(made->activeLayer().value().asset.value().image(), 1);
+    for (int x = 790; x < 810; ++x)
+        QCOMPARE(values[500 * 1000 + x], values[500 * 1000 + x - 600]);
+    // Turned a quarter, across the canvas is down the pixels.
+    rewrite(*made, [&](ProjectSnapshot &snapshot) {
+        record(snapshot, id).transform.flipX = false;
+        record(snapshot, id).transform.rotation = 90;
+    });
+    BrushStroke turned(made->activeLayer().value(), false, brush(10, 1, 0, 0, 0), QSizeF(200, 200));
+    const QRectF shifted = turned.gridRect(turned.sourceRect, QSizeF(6, 0));
+    QCOMPARE(shifted.topLeft() - turned.sourceRect.topLeft(), QPointF(0, 60));
+    QCOMPARE(shifted.size(), turned.sourceRect.size());
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::blurKeepsTheLayersResolution()
+{
+    const auto made = checkerSession();
+    made->setBlurMode(BlurToolMode::blur);
+    made->selectTool(NavigationTool::blur);
+    made->setBrushSettings(brush(20, 1, 0, 0, 0));
+    made->beginBrush(QPointF(100, 100));
+    QVERIFY(made->brushStroke());
+    made->finishBrush();
+    QVERIFY(!made->brushError());
+    const QImage image = made->activeLayer().value().asset.value().image();
+    QCOMPARE(image.width(), 1000);
+    const std::vector<int> values = channel(image, 1);
+    // Under the brush the checks go gray; far off, not.
+    for (int x = 480; x < 490; ++x)
+        QVERIFY(values[500 * 1000 + x] > 40 && values[500 * 1000 + x] < 215);
+    QVERIFY(holdsBoth(std::vector<int>(values.begin() + 100 * 1000 + 100, values.begin() + 100 * 1000 + 104)));
+}
+
+void NativeResolutionPaintTests::layersPanelSaysHowFarALayerIsScaled()
+{
+    const auto made = session(0.05);
+    ImageLayer layer = made->activeLayer().value();
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("50 × 50 px · 5%"));
+    layer.transform.size = QSizeF(1000, 1000);
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("1000 × 1000 px"));
+    layer.transform.size = QSizeF(25, 25);
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("25 × 25 px · 2.5%"));
+    // Across the width; under a twentieth percent shows none.
+    layer.transform.size = QSizeF(1000.45, 300);
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("1000 × 300 px"));
+    layer.transform.size = QSizeF(1000.55, 1000);
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("1001 × 1000 px · 100.1%"));
+    // Rounded to a whole number, no decimal shows.
+    layer.transform.size = QSizeF(499.9, 300);
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("500 × 300 px · 50%"));
+    layer.transform.size = QSizeF(2333, 2000);
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(layer), QString("2333 × 2000 px · 233.3%"));
+    // A blank layer has no pixels to measure against.
+    QCOMPARE(sizeLabel(ImageLayer(QStringLiteral("Blank"), QSizeF(30, 20))), QString("30 × 20 px"));
+    // The row shows it.
+    NativeLayerList list(*made);
+    list.resize(300, 200);
+    list.show();
+    QVERIFY(QTest::qWaitForWindowExposed(&list));
+    QCOMPARE(list.cells().at(0)->findChild<QLabel *>("layerDimensions")->text(), QString("50 × 50 px · 5%"));
+}
+
+QTEST_MAIN(NativeResolutionPaintTests)
+#include "NativeResolutionPaintTests.moc"

tests/PaintRefusalTests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#include "BrushFixtures.h"
+#include "SelectionFixtures.h"
+
+// Why a stroke is refused, as Photoshop explains it.
+class PaintRefusalTests : public QObject {
+    Q_OBJECT
+private slots:
+    void eachRefusalSaysWhy();
+    void theGradientAndTheSmearSayWhyToo();
+    void aBusyEditorOrAnotherToolSaysNothing();
+};
+
+namespace {
+std::unique_ptr<EditorSession> makeSession()
+{
+    auto session = std::make_unique<EditorSession>();
+    session->createDocument(100, 80, true);
+    session->selectTool(NavigationTool::brush);
+    return session;
+}
+
+// The press's error, cleared for the next.
+std::optional<QString> pressed(EditorSession &session)
+{
+    session.beginBrush(QPointF(10, 10));
+    const std::optional<QString> error = session.brushError();
+    session.setBrushError(std::nullopt);
+    return error;
+}
+
+void emptySelection(EditorSession &session)
+{
+    session.applySelection(rectPath(QRectF(0, 0, 10, 10)), SelectionMode::replace, "Select");
+    session.applySelection(rectPath(QRectF(0, 0, 100, 80)), SelectionMode::subtract, "Subtract");
+    QVERIFY(session.selection().value().isEmpty());
+}
+}
+
+void PaintRefusalTests::eachRefusalSaysWhy()
+{
+    const auto session = makeSession();
+    const QUuid layer = session->activeLayerID().value();
+    QCOMPARE(session->paintRefusal(), std::nullopt);
+    // Two layers, ahead of everything else.
+    session->addGroup();
+    const QUuid folder = session->activeLayerID().value();
+    session->selectLayers({layer, folder}, folder);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("Several layers are selected. Select just one to paint on it."));
+    session->selectLayer(folder);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("“Folder 1” is a folder, which has no pixels of its own. Paint on a layer inside it, or on the "
+                                                       "folder’s mask."));
+    // Its mask paints; turned off, the mask says so.
+    session->addLayerMask();
+    QVERIFY(session->isMaskSelected() && session->canPaint());
+    session->toggleLayerMask();
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("The layer mask is turned off. Shift-click its thumbnail to turn it on, then paint."));
+    session->toggleLayerMask();
+    session->selectLayer(layer);
+    session->toggleLayerVisibility(layer);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("“Layer 1” is hidden, or inside a hidden folder. Show it to paint on it."));
+    session->toggleLayerVisibility(layer);
+    // Inside a hidden folder too.
+    QVERIFY(session->placeLayer(layer, folder));
+    session->toggleLayerVisibility(folder);
+    session->selectLayer(layer);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("“Layer 1” is hidden, or inside a hidden folder. Show it to paint on it."));
+    session->toggleLayerVisibility(folder);
+    QVERIFY(session->canPaint());
+    session->addLayerMask();
+    QVERIFY(session->isMaskSelected());
+    session->toggleLayerMask();
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("The layer mask is turned off. Shift-click its thumbnail to turn it on, then paint."));
+    // The pixels still paint under a mask turned off.
+    session->selectLayerTarget(layer, false);
+    QCOMPARE(session->paintRefusal(), std::nullopt);
+    session->toggleLayerMask();
+    session->addAdjustment(AdjustmentKind::levels);
+    session->setAdjustmentEditingID(std::nullopt);
+    const QUuid adjustment = session->activeLayerID().value();
+    session->selectLayerTarget(adjustment, false);
+    QVERIFY(!session->isMaskSelected());
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("“Levels” is an adjustment layer, with no pixels to paint. Paint on its mask instead."));
+    // Its mask paints, so the empty selection is why.
+    if (!session->activeLayer().value().mask)
+        session->addLayerMask();
+    session->selectLayerTarget(adjustment, true);
+    emptySelection(*session);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session),
+             std::optional<QString>("Nothing is selected, so there’s nowhere to paint. Choose Select › Deselect (Ctrl+D) to paint anywhere."));
+    session->deselect();
+    session->selectLayer(layer);
+    emptySelection(*session);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session),
+             std::optional<QString>("Nothing is selected, so there’s nowhere to paint. Choose Select › Deselect (Ctrl+D) to paint anywhere."));
+    QVERIFY(!session->brushStroke());
+    session->deselect();
+    session->beginBrush(QPointF(10, 10));
+    QVERIFY(session->brushStroke() && !session->brushError());
+    session->cancelBrush();
+}
+
+void PaintRefusalTests::theGradientAndTheSmearSayWhyToo()
+{
+    const auto session = makeSession();
+    session->insert(filledRed());
+    emptySelection(*session);
+    const QString empty("Nothing is selected, so there’s nowhere to paint. Choose Select › Deselect (Ctrl+D) to paint anywhere.");
+    session->selectTool(NavigationTool::gradient);
+    session->beginGradient(QPointF(5, 5));
+    QCOMPARE(session->brushError(), std::optional(empty));
+    QVERIFY(!session->gradientEdit());
+    session->setBrushError(std::nullopt);
+    session->selectTool(NavigationTool::blur);
+    session->setBlurMode(BlurToolMode::smudge);
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional(empty));
+    // The mask's own words come first.
+    session->deselect();
+    session->addLayerMask();
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("Smudge and Liquify work on a layer's pixels, not its mask."));
+    session->toggleLayerMask();
+    QCOMPARE(pressed(*session), std::optional<QString>("Smudge and Liquify work on a layer's pixels, not its mask."));
+}
+
+void PaintRefusalTests::aBusyEditorOrAnotherToolSaysNothing()
+{
+    const auto session = makeSession();
+    emptySelection(*session);
+    session->setIsProjectBusy(true);
+    QCOMPARE(session->paintRefusal(), std::nullopt);
+    session->setBrushError(QStringLiteral("Earlier"));
+    session->beginBrush(QPointF(10, 10));
+    QCOMPARE(session->brushError(), std::nullopt);
+    session->setIsProjectBusy(false);
+    // Spot Healing never paints a mask, and says nothing.
+    session->deselect();
+    session->addLayerMask();
+    session->toggleLayerMask();
+    session->selectTool(NavigationTool::spotHealing);
+    session->setBrushError(QStringLiteral("Earlier"));
+    session->beginBrush(QPointF(10, 10));
+    QCOMPARE(session->brushError(), std::optional<QString>("Earlier"));
+    session->selectTool(NavigationTool::move);
+    session->beginBrush(QPointF(10, 10));
+    QCOMPARE(session->brushError(), std::optional<QString>("Earlier"));
+}
+
+QTEST_GUILESS_MAIN(PaintRefusalTests)
+#include "PaintRefusalTests.moc"

tests/SelectMenuTests.cpp

@@ -121,17 +121,22 @@ void SelectMenuTests::selectAllInAFieldIsTheFields()
     QVERIFY(!bar.session().selection().has_value());
     QTest::keyClick(editor, Qt::Key_Escape);
     QTRY_VERIFY(!bar.session().renamingLayerID().has_value());
-    // The list holds the keys: its rows, as Swift's table.
+    // The list holds the keys: the canvas, never every layer.
     bar.session().addBlankLayer();
     NativeLayerList *list = bar.window.findChild<NativeLayerList *>();
     list->setFocus();
     QTRY_VERIFY(list->hasFocus());
-    const std::vector<ImageLayer> &layers = bar.session().document().value().layers;
-    bar.action("selectAll").trigger();
-    QCOMPARE(bar.session().selectedLayerIDs(), (QSet<QUuid>{layers[0].id, layers[1].id}));
-    QCOMPARE(bar.session().activeLayerID(), std::optional(layers[1].id));
-    QVERIFY(!bar.session().selection().has_value());
-    // Elsewhere it selects the canvas.
+    const QSet<QUuid> selected = bar.session().selectedLayerIDs();
+    const std::optional<QUuid> active = bar.session().activeLayerID();
+    QCOMPARE(selected.size(), 1);
+    QTest::keyClick(list, Qt::Key_A, Qt::ControlModifier);
+    QCOMPARE(bar.session().selection().value().path.boundingRect(), QRectF(0, 0, 50, 50));
+    QCOMPARE(bar.session().history.undoName(), QString("Select All"));
+    QCOMPARE(bar.session().selectedLayerIDs(), selected);
+    QCOMPARE(bar.session().activeLayerID(), active);
+    QVERIFY(list->hasFocus());
+    // Elsewhere it selects the canvas too.
+    bar.session().deselect();
     bar.window.findChild<CanvasView *>()->setFocus();
     QTRY_VERIFY(!list->hasFocus());
     bar.action("selectAll").trigger();

tests/SelectionCanvasTests.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ private slots:
     void focusLossEndsAMarqueeDraftAndAnOutlineMove();
     void shiftDeleteBeginsAContentAwareFill();
     void aCtrlDragMovesSelectedPixelsAndCtrlArrowsNudgeThem();
+    void shiftKeepsMovedPixelsOnALine();
 };
 
 void SelectionCanvasTests::marqueeDragsSelectShiftAddsAltSubtractsAndAFreshShiftSquares()
@@ -322,5 +323,37 @@ void SelectionCanvasTests::aCtrlDragMovesSelectedPixelsAndCtrlArrowsNudgeThem()
     QVERIFY(session.lassoDraft().has_value() && !session.pixelMove());
 }
 
+void SelectionCanvasTests::shiftKeepsMovedPixelsOnALine()
+{
+    Canvas shown;
+    EditorSession &session = shown.session;
+    QImage red = BrushRaster::context(400, 300, false);
+    red.fill(Qt::red);
+    session.insert(ImportedImage(red, red, "Red"));
+    session.applySelection(rectPath(QRectF(20, 20, 40, 40)), SelectionMode::replace, "Select");
+    shown.canvas->synchronizeDisplay();
+    const auto box = [&] { return session.displayedSelection().value().path.boundingRect(); };
+    shown.press(QPointF(40, 40), Qt::ControlModifier);
+    QVERIFY(session.pixelMove());
+    // Across: the drag went further that way.
+    shown.move(QPointF(100, 55), Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier);
+    QCOMPARE(box(), QRectF(80, 20, 40, 40));
+    // Down, then a tie keeps across.
+    shown.move(QPointF(50, 100), Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier);
+    QCOMPARE(box(), QRectF(20, 80, 40, 40));
+    shown.move(QPointF(10, 10), Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier);
+    QCOMPARE(box(), QRectF(-10, 20, 40, 40));
+    // Lengths, not signs: left beats a shorter down.
+    shown.move(QPointF(0, 50), Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier);
+    QCOMPARE(box(), QRectF(-20, 20, 40, 40));
+    // Without Shift both ways.
+    shown.move(QPointF(60, 55), Qt::ControlModifier);
+    QCOMPARE(box(), QRectF(40, 35, 40, 40));
+    shown.move(QPointF(70, 45), Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier);
+    shown.release(QPointF(70, 45), Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier);
+    QTRY_VERIFY(!session.pixelMove());
+    QCOMPARE(session.selection().value().path.boundingRect(), QRectF(50, 20, 40, 40));
+}
+
 QTEST_MAIN(SelectionCanvasTests)
 #include "SelectionCanvasTests.moc"

tests/SelectionTests.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ private slots:
     void polygonalCornersCanBeRemovedAndClosed();
     void antialiasingControlsEdgeCoverage();
     void selectAllInverseAndToolSwitchCancelsDraft();
+    void inverseOfEverythingDeselects();
     void cursorBadgeFollowsModifiersButKeepsAnOutlinesStartingMode();
     void draggingMovesTheOutlineInWholePixelsAsOneUndo();
     void movingOffCanvasAndBackKeepsTheWholeShape();
@@ -180,6 +181,23 @@ void SelectionTests::selectAllInverseAndToolSwitchCancelsDraft()
     QCOMPARE(session->history.undoCount(), count + 1);
 }
 
+// Swift's: Select All then Inverse leaves nothing selected.
+void SelectionTests::inverseOfEverythingDeselects()
+{
+    const auto session = selectionSession();
+    session->selectAll();
+    session->invertSelection();
+    QVERIFY(!session->selection().has_value());
+    QCOMPARE(session->history.undoName(), QString("Inverse"));
+    session->undo();
+    QVERIFY(!session->selection().value().isEmpty());
+    // Everything but a corner inverts to that corner.
+    lasso(*session, square(0, 0, 10));
+    session->invertSelection();
+    session->invertSelection();
+    QCOMPARE(bounds(*session), QRectF(0, 0, 10, 10));
+}
+
 void SelectionTests::cursorBadgeFollowsModifiersButKeepsAnOutlinesStartingMode()
 {
     const auto session = selectionSession();

tests/Tests.cmake

@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ compositor_test(ProjectManifestTests)
 compositor_test(NativeLayerListTests)
 compositor_test(LayerContextMenuTests)
 compositor_test(LayerContextMenuEdgeTests)
+compositor_test(NativeResolutionPaintTests)
 compositor_test(NavigationToolHeaderTests)
 compositor_test(NumericScrubTests)
 compositor_test(ScrubbableLabelsTests)
@@ -293,6 +294,7 @@ compositor_test(LayerFlipTests)
 compositor_test(LayerMergeTests)
 compositor_test(PixelEditTests)
 compositor_test(PixelInvertTests)
+compositor_test(PaintRefusalTests)
 compositor_test(PixelMoveTests)
 compositor_test(SelectionTests)
 compositor_test(SelectionFeatherTests)

tests/TransformInspectorTests.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "UI/LayerIcons.h"
 #include "UI/TransformInspector.h"
 #include <QtTest>
+#include <cmath>
 
 // The Move tool's bar: fields, settings, Apply and Cancel.
 namespace {
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ private slots:
     void theLockIconFollowsThePalette();
     void theFieldsTakeTheSpareRoom();
     void heldKeysShowFlippedInTheBar();
+    void cancelAndApplyShowOnlyWhileAnEditWaits();
 };
 
 void TransformInspectorTests::theFieldsShowTheLayerAndTypingPreviews()
@@ -341,7 +343,7 @@ void TransformInspectorTests::theFieldsTakeTheSpareRoom()
     const QRect natural = flip.geometry();
     // Swift's ScrollView takes the room; its content keeps its size.
     bar.header->resize(1600, bar.header->height());
-    QTRY_VERIFY(bar.control<QPushButton>("applyTransform").geometry().right() > 1600 - 40);
+    QTRY_VERIFY(bar.control<QWidget>("pendingTransform").geometry().right() > 1600 - 40);
     QCOMPARE(flip.geometry(), natural);
     QCOMPARE(flip.width(), flip.sizeHint().width());
 }
@@ -415,5 +417,52 @@ void TransformInspectorTests::heldKeysShowFlippedInTheBar()
     QTest::keyRelease(&x, Qt::Key_Control, Qt::NoModifier);
 }
 
+void TransformInspectorTests::cancelAndApplyShowOnlyWhileAnEditWaits()
+{
+    Bar bar;
+    QVERIFY(bar.active);
+    QWidget &buttons = bar.control<QWidget>("pendingTransform");
+    auto *fade = qobject_cast<QGraphicsOpacityEffect *>(buttons.graphicsEffect());
+    QVERIFY(fade);
+    QPushButton &apply = bar.control<QPushButton>("applyTransform");
+    QPushButton &cancel = bar.control<QPushButton>("cancelTransform");
+    const auto seen = [&](bool shown) {
+        return fade->opacity() == (shown ? 1.0 : 0.0) && buttons.testAttribute(Qt::WA_TransparentForMouseEvents) == !shown
+            && apply.focusPolicy() == (shown ? Qt::StrongFocus : Qt::NoFocus) && cancel.focusPolicy() == apply.focusPolicy();
+    };
+    QVERIFY(seen(false));
+    // SwiftUI's easeOut over 0.12 seconds; 12 points apart.
+    auto *fadeIn = bar.header->findChild<QPropertyAnimation *>();
+    QVERIFY(fadeIn && fadeIn->duration() == 120 && fadeIn->easingCurve().type() == QEasingCurve::BezierSpline);
+    // CSS's ease-out, 0, 0, 0.58, 1: about 0.685 halfway.
+    QVERIFY(std::abs(fadeIn->easingCurve().valueForProgress(0.5) - 0.685) < 0.01);
+    QCOMPARE(apply.geometry().left() - cancel.geometry().right() - 1, 12);
+    // A handle drag applies itself: nothing waits.
+    bar.session.beginTransform(false);
+    QVERIFY(apply.isEnabled());
+    QTest::qWait(200);
+    QVERIFY(seen(false));
+    // Unseen, the click falls through; Return still applies.
+    const QPoint middle = apply.mapTo(bar.header.get(), apply.rect().center());
+    QTest::mouseClick(bar.header->windowHandle(), Qt::LeftButton, Qt::NoModifier, middle);
+    QVERIFY(bar.session.transformEdit().has_value());
+    QTest::keyClick(bar.header.get(), Qt::Key_Return);
+    QVERIFY(!bar.session.transformEdit().has_value());
+    // Typed values wait: the buttons fade in, a click applies.
+    bar.session.beginTransform();
+    QVERIFY(fade->opacity() < 1);
+    QTRY_VERIFY(seen(true));
+    QVERIFY(apply.isVisible() && apply.isEnabled());
+    QTest::mouseClick(bar.header->windowHandle(), Qt::LeftButton, Qt::NoModifier, middle);
+    QVERIFY(!bar.session.transformEdit().has_value());
+    QTRY_VERIFY(seen(false));
+    // Waiting again, Cancel drops it.
+    bar.session.beginTransform();
+    QTRY_VERIFY(seen(true));
+    QTest::mouseClick(bar.header->windowHandle(), Qt::LeftButton, Qt::NoModifier, cancel.mapTo(bar.header.get(), cancel.rect().center()));
+    QVERIFY(!bar.session.transformEdit().has_value());
+    QTRY_VERIFY(seen(false));
+}
+
 QTEST_MAIN(TransformInspectorTests)
 #include "TransformInspectorTests.moc"