Show the desktop shell in Chinese under zh_CN

AGENTS.md

@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ Exceptions are allowed for migration and package-helper scripts where the helper
 - `default/region/china/pacman.sed` puts a `.omarchy.cn` twin ahead of every `.omarchy.org` server; `omarchy-refresh-pacman`, `install/post-install/pacman.sh` and `omarchy-region` apply it. Nothing in `omarchy update` or migrations may change the region or `/etc/locale.conf`, and a migration that edits an `.omarchy.org` `Server` line must edit its `.cn` twin the same way.
 - China-only menu rows carry `"when":"[[ \"$(omarchy-region)\" == \"China\" ]]"` on every row, not only the submenu, because search checks each row's own guard.
 - Chinese menu labels live in `default/omarchy/omarchy-menu.zh-cn.jsonc`, merged when `LANG` starts with `zh_CN`; give a new menu row with translatable words a label there.
+- Shell text goes through `I18n.tr("English %1", arg)` from `qs.Commons`, with its Chinese in `shell/Commons/I18nZh.js` keyed by the English; notifications and OSD messages are translated where the shell shows them, so bash senders pass English. `test/shell.d/shell-i18n-test.sh` fails on a missing entry.
 - `rime-ice-installer` is built from `omarchy-pkgs` with `omarchy-offline.patch` until it ships in the Omarchy repo.
 
 # Config Structure

agents/skills/shell-dev.md

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ Run `omarchy-restart-shell` after making changes to QML files.
 - Panel / overlay / menu plugins must expose `open(payloadJson)` and
   `close()` lifecycle methods for `shell summon` and `shell hide`.
 
+## Text
+
+Wrap every user-visible string in `I18n.tr()` (`import qs.Commons`) and add its Chinese to `shell/Commons/I18nZh.js`; plain JS models that Node tests load stay English, and their text is wrapped where QML shows it.
+
 ## IPC
 
 - `bin/omarchy-shell` is the canonical IPC entry point. It forwards to

shell/Commons/I18n.qml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+pragma Singleton
+import QtQuick
+import "Tr.js" as Tr
+
+// tr("English %1", arg) returns the Chinese entry under zh_CN; plain JS imports Tr.js for the same.
+QtObject {
+  readonly property bool chinese: Tr.chinese
+
+  function tr() {
+    return Tr.tr.apply(null, arguments)
+  }
+}

shell/Commons/I18nZh.js

@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+// Chinese for the shell, keyed by the English text each I18n.tr() call passes; %1, %2 are arguments.
+.pragma library
+
+var table = {
+  // Agents panel
+  "Agents": "AI 代理",
+  "Monthly": "每月",
+  "Weekly": "每周",
+  "Session": "会话",
+  "Limit": "额度",
+  "now": "现在",
+  "%1d %2h": "%1天 %2小时",
+  "%1h %2m": "%1小时 %2分",
+  "%1m": "%1分钟",
+  "%1 free reset": "%1 次免费重置",
+  "%1 free resets": "%1 次免费重置",
+  "%1 spent of %2 funded": "已用 %1，共充值 %2",
+  "estimated": "估算",
+  "%1 tokens this week": "本周 %1 tokens",
+  "%1 tokens today": "今天 %1 tokens",
+  "Mostly %1": "主要使用 %1",
+  "Busiest day: %1": "最忙的一天：%1",
+  "%1 prompt today": "今天 %1 条提示",
+  "%1 prompts today": "今天 %1 条提示",
+  "%1 session today": "今天 %1 个会话",
+  "%1 sessions today": "今天 %1 个会话",
+  "Merged from %1 device": "合并自 %1 台设备",
+  "Merged from %1 devices": "合并自 %1 台设备",
+  "Add an account": "添加账户",
+  "Add an %1 account": "添加 %1 账户",
+  "Add a %1 account": "添加 %1 账户",
+  "The sign-in didn't finish.": "登录没有完成。",
+  "Back to the limits": "返回额度",
+  "Add a subscription": "添加订阅",
+  "Start the default agent": "启动默认 AI 代理",
+  "MAKE SOMETHING COOL": "做点有意思的",
+  "Sign in to an AI coding subscription, and this panel keeps track of how much of it you have left.": "登录一个 AI 编程订阅，这个面板会记录剩余额度。",
+  "Name this account. It signs in through a private window, so your browser's current account isn't picked up.": "给这个账户起个名字。登录在隐私窗口中进行，不会用到浏览器当前登录的账户。",
+  "Work": "工作",
+  "Confirm this code in your browser": "在浏览器中确认这个代码",
+  "If the page shows a code instead of finishing, paste it here.": "如果页面显示代码而没有完成，把代码粘贴到这里。",
+  "Code": "代码",
+  "Open the sign-in page again": "重新打开登录页",
+  "Sign in to %1 again": "重新登录 %1",
+  "Balance": "余额",
+  "Start your default agent on a new %1": "用默认 AI 代理新建一个%1",
+  "Sign in to this account again": "重新登录这个账户",
+  "ACTIVE": "使用中",
+  "Autoswitch": "自动切换",
+  "Stop switching automatically": "停止自动切换",
+  "Switch here automatically at %1%": "用到 %1% 时自动切换到这里",
+  "Use": "使用",
+  "Usage unavailable": "用量不可用",
+  "Usage has not been updated yet.": "用量还没有更新。",
+  "%1: %2% used": "%1：已用 %2%",
+  "resets in %1": "%1后重置",
+  "Last updated %1 ago": "%1前更新",
+  "Last updated less than a minute ago": "不到一分钟前更新",
+  "Last updated time unavailable": "更新时间不可用",
+  "Theme": "主题",
+  "Plugin": "插件",
+  "App": "应用",
+  "Sunday": "星期日",
+  "Monday": "星期一",
+  "Tuesday": "星期二",
+  "Wednesday": "星期三",
+  "Thursday": "星期四",
+  "Friday": "星期五",
+  "Saturday": "星期六",
+  "%1: %2% of its %3 allowance": "%1：占%3额度的 %2%",
+  "Subscriptions": "订阅",
+  // Network panel
+  "Wiring bits": "接线中",
+  "Handling packets": "处理数据包",
+  "Sorting frames": "整理数据帧",
+  "Hauling bytes": "搬运字节",
+  "Routing crumbs": "转发碎片",
+  "Counting collisions": "清点冲突",
+  "Bending light": "弯折光线",
+  "Turn Wi-Fi off": "关闭 Wi-Fi",
+  "Turn Wi-Fi on": "打开 Wi-Fi",
+  "WI-FI BAND": "WI-FI 频段",
+  "WI-FI BAND: %1": "WI-FI 频段：%1",
+  "Auto": "自动",
+  "Let Wi-Fi pick the band": "由 Wi-Fi 自动选择频段",
+  "Stay on %1": "固定在 %1",
+  "Timeout": "超时",
+  "KNOWN NETWORKS": "已知网络",
+  "OTHER NETWORKS": "其他网络",
+  "Ethernet": "有线网络",
+  "Passphrase required": "需要密码",
+  "Wrong password": "密码错误",
+  "Network lost": "网络丢失",
+  "Disconnected": "已断开",
+  "Connection failed": "连接失败",
+  "Failed to connect": "无法连接",
+  "Timed out connecting": "连接超时",
+  "Timed out disconnecting": "断开超时",
+  "Timed out forgetting": "忘记网络超时",
+  "Sign in to this network": "登录这个网络",
+  "Limited internet access": "互联网访问受限",
+  "Show QR code": "显示二维码",
+  "Run a speed test": "测速",
+  "No connection": "无连接",
+  "SIGN-IN REQUIRED": "需要登录",
+  "LIMITED INTERNET ACCESS": "互联网访问受限",
+  "NOT CONNECTED": "未连接",
+  "Open Captive Portal": "打开认证页面",
+  "Sign in or accept this network’s terms to access the internet.": "登录或接受这个网络的条款后才能上网。",
+  "AUTOMATIC": "自动",
+  "DNS PROVIDER": "DNS 服务商",
+  "Use DNS from DHCP": "使用 DHCP 提供的 DNS",
+  "Set DNS to %1": "DNS 设为 %1",
+  "Set custom DNS servers": "设置自定义 DNS 服务器",
+  "Custom": "自定义",
+  "SCANNING WI-FI…": "正在扫描 WI-FI…",
+  "Connecting…": "正在连接…",
+  "Disconnecting…": "正在断开…",
+  "Forgetting…": "正在忘记…",
+  "Failed": "失败",
+  "Sign-in required": "需要登录",
+  "Connected": "已连接",
+  "Forget network": "忘记网络",
+  "Hidden": "隐藏网络",
+  "Identity (user@domain)": "身份（user@domain）",
+  "Passphrase": "密码",
+  "Connect": "连接",
+  "Copy to clipboard": "复制到剪贴板",
+  "Ping": "延迟",
+  "Packet Loss": "丢包",
+  "Receiving": "接收",
+  "Sending": "发送",
+  "Downloaded": "已下载",
+  "Uploaded": "已上传",
+  "IP Address": "IP 地址",
+  "Gateway": "网关",
+  "Copy IP": "复制 IP",
+  "Copy gateway": "复制网关",
+  "Connecting...": "正在连接…",
+  // Display panel
+  "Display": "显示",
+  "FIXED BRIGHTNESS": "亮度固定",
+  "BRIGHTNESS": "亮度",
+  "TEXT SIZE": "文字大小",
+  "SCALE": "缩放",
+  "DISPLAYS": "显示器",
+  "Sun blast": "烈日当空",
+  "Solar flare": "耀眼",
+  "Golden hour": "黄金时刻",
+  "Even day": "白昼",
+  "Soft glow": "柔光",
+  "Lamp light": "灯光",
+  "Candlelit": "烛光",
+  "Night owl": "夜猫子",
+  // Audio panel
+  "Audio": "音频",
+  "OUTPUT": "输出",
+  "INPUT": "输入",
+  "SOURCES": "音源",
+  "Mute": "静音",
+  "Unmute": "取消静音",
+  "Muted": "已静音",
+  "Silenced": "无声",
+  "Concert hall": "音乐厅",
+  "Party mode": "派对模式",
+  "Cranked up": "开大了",
+  "Steady groove": "稳稳的节奏",
+  "Easy listening": "轻松聆听",
+  "Murmur": "低语",
+  "Whisper": "耳语",
+  // Bluetooth panel
+  "Untangling wires": "理顺线缆",
+  "Streaming vikings": "维京人在传输",
+  "Pairing mysteries": "配对谜题",
+  "Herding headsets": "召集耳机",
+  "Taming radios": "驯服无线电",
+  "Summoning speakers": "召唤音箱",
+  "Wrangling codecs": "摆弄编解码器",
+  "Polishing packets": "打磨数据包",
+  "Bluetooth": "蓝牙",
+  "CONNECTED": "已连接",
+  "Forget": "忘记",
+  "No adapter": "没有适配器",
+  "Turned Off": "已关闭",
+  "Turn Bluetooth off": "关闭蓝牙",
+  "Turn Bluetooth on": "打开蓝牙",
+  "PAIRED": "已配对",
+  "AVAILABLE": "可用",
+  "No Bluetooth adapter": "没有蓝牙适配器",
+  "Turn Bluetooth on to scan": "打开蓝牙后扫描",
+  "Scanning for devices…": "正在扫描设备…",
+  "Disconnect": "断开",
+  "Pair": "配对",
+  "Device": "设备",
+  // Power panel
+  "Pumping power": "注入电力",
+  "Injecting electrons": "注入电子",
+  "Pouring juice": "倒入电量",
+  "Amassing watts": "积攒瓦特",
+  "Hoarding joules": "囤积焦耳",
+  "Sucking volts": "吸收伏特",
+  "Topping reserves": "补满储备",
+  "Soaking amps": "吸饱安培",
+  "Inhaling kilowatts": "吸入千瓦",
+  "Slurping power": "啜饮电力",
+  "Spending joules": "花费焦耳",
+  "Draining watts": "消耗瓦特",
+  "Burning electrons": "燃烧电子",
+  "Sipping juice": "小口用电",
+  "Spending coulombs": "花费库仑",
+  "Bleeding amps": "流失安培",
+  "Guzzling volts": "狂饮伏特",
+  "Munching reserves": "啃食储备",
+  "Battery": "电池",
+  "POWER PROFILE": "电源模式",
+  "Fully charged": "已充满",
+  "Threshold": "充电上限",
+  "On battery": "使用电池",
+  "Charging": "正在充电",
+  "Battery size": "电池容量",
+  "Charge cycles": "充电次数",
+  "Charge limit": "充电上限",
+  "Time left": "剩余时间",
+  "Time to full": "充满还需",
+  "Battery state": "电池状态",
+  "Discharging": "正在放电",
+  "Holding": "保持中",
+  // Tailscale panel
+  "Encrypting connections": "加密连接",
+  "Sending secrets": "传递秘密",
+  "Guarding wires": "守护线路",
+  "Braiding packets": "编织数据包",
+  "Polishing tunnels": "打磨隧道",
+  "Hiding routes": "隐藏路由",
+  "Sealing ports": "封好端口",
+  "Sorting tailnets": "整理 tailnet",
+  "Shuffling keys": "洗牌密钥",
+  "Watching machines": "照看机器",
+  "Tailscale CLI is not installed or not on PATH.": "没有安装 Tailscale 命令行，或它不在 PATH 中。",
+  "CONNECTIONS": "连接",
+  "EXIT NODES": "出口节点",
+  "Search regions": "搜索地区",
+  "No Mullvad regions found.": "没有找到 Mullvad 地区。",
+  "MACHINES": "机器",
+  "No machines found on this tailnet.": "这个 tailnet 上没有机器。",
+  "Authorize Tailscale operator": "授权 Tailscale 操作员",
+  "Allow this user to operate this Tailscale profile": "允许这个用户操作这个 Tailscale 配置",
+  "Send files": "发送文件",
+  "Turn Tailscale off": "关闭 Tailscale",
+  "Authorize this device": "授权这台设备",
+  "Turn Tailscale on": "打开 Tailscale",
+  "Choose Mullvad region": "选择 Mullvad 地区",
+  "Tailscale is disconnected": "Tailscale 已断开",
+  "Account": "账户",
+  "Starting Tailscale login…": "正在开始 Tailscale 登录…",
+  "Authorizing Tailscale operator...": "正在授权 Tailscale 操作员…",
+  "Tailscale login link not available yet": "Tailscale 登录链接还不可用",
+  "Authorize Tailscale operator to show connections": "授权 Tailscale 操作员后显示连接",
+  "Could not list Tailscale connections": "无法列出 Tailscale 连接",
+  "Tailscale command failed": "Tailscale 命令失败",
+  "Account switch failed": "切换账户失败",
+  "Exit node selection failed": "选择出口节点失败",
+  "Tailscale authorization failed": "Tailscale 授权失败",
+  "Tailscale operator authorized": "Tailscale 操作员已授权",
+  "Unknown": "未知",
+  // Dropbox panel
+  "Filing files": "归档文件",
+  "Distributing data": "分发数据",
+  "Shuffling folders": "整理文件夹",
+  "Boxing bytes": "装箱字节",
+  "Sorting stuff": "分拣东西",
+  "Syncing secrets": "同步秘密",
+  "Packing packets": "打包数据包",
+  "Moving memories": "搬运回忆",
+  "Wrangling revisions": "整理修订",
+  "Cataloging chaos": "编目混乱",
+  "RECENT FILES": "最近文件",
+  "No synced files found.": "没有找到同步的文件。",
+  "Pause syncing": "暂停同步",
+  "Resume syncing": "继续同步",
+  "Syncing paused": "同步已暂停",
+  "Stored": "已存储",
+  "Login to Dropbox": "登录 Dropbox",
+  "Dropbox CLI is not installed": "没有安装 Dropbox 命令行",
+  "Start the authentication flow": "开始认证",
+  "Install Dropbox from the service menu": "从服务菜单安装 Dropbox",
+  "Untitled": "未命名",
+  // Weather panel
+  "Search city": "搜索城市",
+  "FEELS": "体感",
+  "WIND": "风",
+  "HUMID": "湿度",
+  "Fetching forecast…": "正在获取天气预报…",
+  // Wi-Fi QR panel
+  "Generating QR code…": "正在生成二维码…",
+  "Scan to join this network": "扫码加入这个网络",
+  "Could not generate the Wi-Fi QR code": "无法生成 Wi-Fi 二维码",
+  "Could not read the Wi-Fi password": "无法读取 Wi-Fi 密码",
+  "Show password": "显示密码",
+  // Speed tests
+  "Speed test failed": "测速失败",
+  "DOWNLOAD": "下载",
+  "UPLOAD": "上传",
+  "Measure again via fast.com": "通过 fast.com 重新测速",
+  "Disk speed test failed": "磁盘测速失败",
+  "READ": "读取",
+  "WRITE": "写入",
+  "Measure again": "重新测速",
+  "Run Again": "再测一次",
+  // Lock screen
+  "Enter Password": "输入密码",
+  "Checking…": "正在验证…",
+  "Fingerprint reader unavailable": "指纹识别器不可用",
+  "Authentication failed (%1)": "认证失败（%1）",
+  // Authentication prompt
+  "Authentication is needed...": "需要认证…",
+  "Wrong": "错误",
+  "Checking...": "正在验证…",
+  "Enter password": "输入密码",
+  // Reminders
+  "Reminder message": "提醒内容",
+  "Remind in minutes": "几分钟后提醒",
+  // Notifications
+  "No recent notifications": "没有最近的通知",
+  // Bar
+  "Microphone muted": "麦克风已静音",
+  "Microphone in use": "麦克风使用中",
+  "Microphone live": "麦克风已开启",
+  "Pending Omarchy Updates": "有待安装的 Omarchy 更新",
+  "Tray icons": "托盘图标",
+  "Pinned icons stay visible. Hidden icons never show.": "固定的图标一直显示，隐藏的图标不再显示。",
+  "No tray items reporting.": "没有托盘项目。",
+  "Unpin": "取消固定",
+  "Pin": "固定",
+  "Show": "显示",
+  "Hide": "隐藏",
+  "Dictate": "语音输入",
+  "Allow Notifications": "允许通知",
+  "Silence Notifications": "静默通知",
+  "Day Light": "日间光线",
+  "Night Light": "夜间光线",
+  "Stop recording": "停止录屏",
+  "Screen Recording": "录屏",
+  "Allow Idle Lock & Screensaver": "允许空闲锁屏和屏保",
+  "Stay Awake": "保持唤醒",
+  // Shared controls
+  "Cancel": "取消",
+  "Confirm": "确认",
+  "Search...": "搜索…",
+  "No options": "没有选项",
+  "None selected": "未选择",
+  "Loading…": "正在加载…",
+  "No matches": "没有匹配项",
+  // Notifications and on-screen messages
+  "Learn Keybindings": "了解快捷键",
+  "Super + K for cheatsheet.\nSuper + Space for Omarchy Menu.": "Super + K 查看快捷键速查表。\nSuper + Space 打开 Omarchy 菜单。",
+  "Update System": "更新系统",
+  "Click to update the system.": "点击更新系统。",
+  "Setup Wi-Fi": "设置 Wi-Fi",
+  "Click to configure the wireless network.": "点击配置无线网络。",
+  "All reminders have been cleared": "所有提醒已清除",
+  "Animations disabled": "动画已关闭",
+  "Animations enabled": "动画已开启",
+  "Can't disable the only active display": "不能关闭唯一的显示器",
+  "Copied text from selection to clipboard": "已把选中文字复制到剪贴板",
+  "Could not complete shutdown. Please try again.": "无法完成关机，请重试。",
+  "Could not share": "无法分享",
+  "Crash capture disabled": "崩溃捕获已关闭",
+  "Crash capture enabled": "崩溃捕获已开启",
+  "Disable single-window square aspect ratio": "关闭单窗口方形比例",
+  "Enable single-window square aspect ratio": "开启单窗口方形比例",
+  "Download failed": "下载失败",
+  "Editing config file": "正在编辑配置文件",
+  "Extended mode restored": "已恢复扩展模式",
+  "FIDO2 authfile needs attention": "FIDO2 认证文件需要处理",
+  "Failed to start Windows VM": "无法启动 Windows 虚拟机",
+  "Herdr theme sync disabled": "Herdr 主题同步已关闭",
+  "Herdr theme sync enabled": "Herdr 主题同步已开启",
+  "Hold F9 to dictate (or toggle with Super + Ctrl + X).": "按住 F9 语音输入（或用 Super + Ctrl + X 切换）。",
+  "Laptop display disabled": "笔记本屏幕已关闭",
+  "Laptop display enabled": "笔记本屏幕已开启",
+  "Logging out": "正在注销",
+  "Microphone on": "麦克风已开启",
+  "No QR code found": "没有找到二维码",
+  "No RetroArch cores found": "没有找到 RetroArch 核心",
+  "No audio devices found": "没有找到音频设备",
+  "No background was found for theme": "这个主题没有壁纸",
+  "No external monitors found for mirror": "没有可镜像的外接显示器",
+  "No laptop display found": "没有找到笔记本屏幕",
+  "No laptop monitor found to mirror": "没有可镜像的笔记本屏幕",
+  "No outstanding reminders": "没有待办提醒",
+  "No video found for download": "没有可下载的视频",
+  "No webcam devices found": "没有找到摄像头",
+  "QR code copied to clipboard": "二维码已复制到剪贴板",
+  "Rebooting": "正在重启",
+  "Recording process had to be force-killed. Video may be corrupted.": "录屏进程被强制结束，视频可能已损坏。",
+  "Refusing unsafe monitor name": "拒绝不安全的显示器名称",
+  "Reminder": "提醒",
+  "Restore using Super + Home on this workspace.": "在这个工作区用 Super + Home 恢复。",
+  "Saved and copied to clipboard.": "已保存并复制到剪贴板。",
+  "Screen recording error": "录屏出错",
+  "Screensaver disabled": "屏保已关闭",
+  "Screensaver enabled": "屏保已开启",
+  "Screensaver only runs in Alacritty, Foot, Ghostty, or Kitty": "屏保只能在 Alacritty、Foot、Ghostty 或 Kitty 中运行",
+  "Select a region containing a QR code": "框选包含二维码的区域",
+  "Shutdown failed": "关机失败",
+  "Shutting down": "正在关机",
+  "Start it with Super + Space": "用 Super + Space 启动",
+  "Suspend now available in system menu": "系统菜单中已加入挂起",
+  "Suspend removed from system menu": "系统菜单中已移除挂起",
+  "TUI removed": "TUI 已移除",
+  "The file chooser did not open": "文件选择器没有打开",
+  "Theme removed": "主题已移除",
+  "Time to recharge!": "该充电了！",
+  "Transcoding video…": "正在转码视频…",
+  "URL copied to clipboard": "链接已复制到剪贴板",
+  "Upcoming reminders": "即将到来的提醒",
+  "Use Super + Alt + Home to save one for this workspace.": "用 Super + Alt + Home 为这个工作区保存一个。",
+  "Voxtype Dictation Ready": "Voxtype 语音输入就绪",
+  "Web app removed": "网页应用已移除",
+  "Windows VM": "Windows 虚拟机",
+  // Clock
+  "Right-click to toggle format": "右键切换格式",
+  "Back to today": "回到今天",
+  "BORN": "出生",
+  "LIVE TO": "活到",
+  "LIFE": "人生",
+  "Start weeks on %1": "每周从%1开始",
+  "Previous month": "上个月",
+  "Next month": "下个月",
+  // Menu
+  "Go": "前往",
+  "Input": "输入",
+  "Select": "选择",
+  "Do you want to uninstall %1?": "要卸载 %1 吗？",
+  "Uninstall": "卸载",
+  "No matches for “%1”": "没有匹配“%1”的结果",
+  "Nothing here yet": "这里还没有内容",
+  // World clock, emojis, clipboard
+  "Search cities…": "搜索城市…",
+  "World": "世界",
+  "Clock": "时钟",
+  "Remove": "移除",
+  "World clock": "世界时钟",
+  "Delete entire clipboard history?": "删除全部剪贴板历史？",
+  "Delete": "删除",
+  "Clipboard is empty": "剪贴板是空的",
+  "Sunrise": "日出",
+  "Sunset": "日落",
+  "It's %1 here": "这里现在是 %1",
+  "Jump to a city": "跳到一个城市",
+  // Media
+  "Pause": "暂停",
+  "Play": "播放"
+}

shell/Commons/Tr.js

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+.pragma library
+.import "I18nZh.js" as Zh
+
+// Shell text in the session's language; QML reaches this through the I18n singleton, plain JS imports it.
+var chinese = Qt.locale().name.indexOf("zh_CN") === 0
+
+function tr(text) {
+  var out = chinese && Zh.table[text] !== undefined ? Zh.table[text] : text
+  for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) out = out.split("%" + i).join(String(arguments[i]))
+  return out
+}

shell/Commons/qmldir

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 module qs.Commons
 singleton Border 1.0 Border.qml
 singleton Color 1.0 Color.qml
+singleton I18n 1.0 I18n.qml
 singleton IpcRegistry 1.0 IpcRegistry.qml
 singleton Style 1.0 Style.qml
 singleton Util 1.0 Util.qml

shell/Ui/ConfirmDialog.qml

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ Item {
 
   property bool opened: false
   property string message: ""
-  property string cancelText: "Cancel"
-  property string confirmText: "Confirm"
+  property string cancelText: I18n.tr("Cancel")
+  property string confirmText: I18n.tr("Confirm")
   property int selectedIndex: 1
   property color background: Color.background
   property color foreground: Color.foreground

shell/Ui/MultiSelect.qml

@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ Item {
   property var options: []
   property var optionsCommand: []
   property string optionsCommandCwd: ""
-  property string placeholderText: "Search..."
-  property string emptyText: "No options"
-  property string noSelectionText: "None selected"
+  property string placeholderText: I18n.tr("Search...")
+  property string emptyText: I18n.tr("No options")
+  property string noSelectionText: I18n.tr("None selected")
   property string triggerLabel: ""
   property bool showLabel: true
 
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ Item {
               textFormat: Text.PlainText
               anchors.centerIn: parent
               visible: resultList.count === 0
-              text: root.loadingOptions ? "Loading…" : (root.optionsError !== "" ? root.optionsError : root.emptyText)
+              text: root.loadingOptions ? I18n.tr("Loading…") : (root.optionsError !== "" ? root.optionsError : root.emptyText)
               color: Qt.darker(root.foreground, 1.6)
               font.family: root.fontFamily
               font.pixelSize: Style.font.body

shell/Ui/SearchableDropdown.qml

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ Item {
   property string label: ""
   property string value: ""
   property var options: []
-  property string placeholderText: "Search..."
-  property string emptyText: "No matches"
+  property string placeholderText: I18n.tr("Search...")
+  property string emptyText: I18n.tr("No matches")
   property string triggerLabel: ""
 
   property color foreground: Color.popups.text

shell/Ui/SpeedTestOverlay.qml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ PanelWindow {
   property string unit: "Mbps"
   property string title: ""
   property string layerNamespace: "omarchy-speed-test"
-  property string runAgainTooltip: "Measure again"
+  property string runAgainTooltip: I18n.tr("Measure again")
   property real leftValue: 0
   property real rightValue: 0
   property bool leftLive: false
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ PanelWindow {
         // Centered on the dial pair. Fades rather than unmounts while a run
         // is in flight, so the cluster never shifts.
         Button {
-          text: "Run Again"
+          text: I18n.tr("Run Again")
           tooltipText: root.runAgainTooltip
           bordered: true
           enabled: !root.running

shell/plugins/agents/Panel.qml

@@ -338,9 +338,9 @@ Panel {
 
   // A few ways into making Omarchy your own, handed to the default agent.
   readonly property var starterPrompts: [
-    { glyph: "󰏘", label: "Theme", prompt: "Make me a new Omarchy theme. Ask me what look or inspiration I have in mind, then build it following the Omarchy skill's theming guide and switch to it." },
-    { glyph: "󰐱", label: "Plugin", prompt: "Make me a new Omarchy shell plugin. Ask me what I'd like it to do, then build it following the Omarchy skill's plugin guide and enable it." },
-    { glyph: "󰣆", label: "App", prompt: "Make me a new app for my Omarchy desktop. Ask me what it should do, then build it following the omarchy-app skill and install it so it shows up in the app launcher." }
+    { glyph: "󰏘", label: I18n.tr("Theme"), prompt: "Make me a new Omarchy theme. Ask me what look or inspiration I have in mind, then build it following the Omarchy skill's theming guide and switch to it." },
+    { glyph: "󰐱", label: I18n.tr("Plugin"), prompt: "Make me a new Omarchy shell plugin. Ask me what I'd like it to do, then build it following the Omarchy skill's plugin guide and enable it." },
+    { glyph: "󰣆", label: I18n.tr("App"), prompt: "Make me a new app for my Omarchy desktop. Ask me what it should do, then build it following the omarchy-app skill and install it so it shows up in the app launcher." }
   ]
 
   function startPrompt(prompt) {
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ Panel {
     var parts = []
     if (String(account.plan || "") !== "") parts.push(account.plan)
     if (account.resetCredits && Number(account.resetCredits.available) > 0)
-      parts.push(account.resetCredits.available + " free reset" + (Number(account.resetCredits.available) === 1 ? "" : "s"))
+      parts.push(I18n.tr(Number(account.resetCredits.available) === 1 ? "%1 free reset" : "%1 free resets", account.resetCredits.available))
     return parts.join(" · ")
   }
 
@@ -491,11 +491,11 @@ Panel {
 
   function windowTitle(label) {
     var text = String(label || "").toLowerCase()
-    if (text.indexOf("month") >= 0) return "Monthly"
-    if (windowIsLong(text)) return "Weekly"
-    if (text.indexOf("session") >= 0 || windowSpanMs(label) > 0) return "Session"
+    if (text.indexOf("month") >= 0) return I18n.tr("Monthly")
+    if (windowIsLong(text)) return I18n.tr("Weekly")
+    if (text.indexOf("session") >= 0 || windowSpanMs(label) > 0) return I18n.tr("Session")
     var plain = String(label || "").replace(/\s*\(.*\)\s*/, "").trim()
-    return plain === "" ? "Limit" : plain
+    return plain === "" ? I18n.tr("Limit") : plain
   }
 
   // A collector that already knows which window a limit belongs to says so,
@@ -575,13 +575,13 @@ Panel {
   }
 
   function formatDuration(ms) {
-    if (!(ms > 0)) return "now"
+    if (!(ms > 0)) return I18n.tr("now")
     var minutes = Math.floor(ms / 60000)
     var hours = Math.floor(minutes / 60)
     var days = Math.floor(hours / 24)
-    if (days > 0) return days + "d " + (hours % 24) + "h"
-    if (hours > 0) return hours + "h " + (minutes % 60) + "m"
-    return Math.max(1, minutes) + "m"
+    if (days > 0) return I18n.tr("%1d %2h", days, hours % 24)
+    if (hours > 0) return I18n.tr("%1h %2m", hours, minutes % 60)
+    return I18n.tr("%1m", Math.max(1, minutes))
   }
 
   // ---------------------------------------------------------------- balance
@@ -611,8 +611,8 @@ Panel {
 
   function balanceDetailText(b) {
     if (!b || !(b.funded > 0)) return ""
-    var text = formatMoney(b.spent, b.currency) + " spent of " + formatMoney(b.funded, b.currency) + " funded"
-    if (b.estimated) text += " · estimated"
+    var text = I18n.tr("%1 spent of %2 funded", formatMoney(b.spent, b.currency), formatMoney(b.funded, b.currency))
+    if (b.estimated) text += " · " + I18n.tr("estimated")
     return text
   }
 
@@ -653,16 +653,16 @@ Panel {
     }
 
     var phrases = []
-    if (week > 0) phrases.push(usage.formatTokenCount(week) + " tokens this week")
-    if (today > 0) phrases.push(usage.formatTokenCount(today) + " tokens today")
+    if (week > 0) phrases.push(I18n.tr("%1 tokens this week", usage.formatTokenCount(week)))
+    if (today > 0) phrases.push(I18n.tr("%1 tokens today", usage.formatTokenCount(today)))
     var topModel = ""
     for (var model in byModel) if (topModel === "" || byModel[model] > byModel[topModel]) topModel = model
-    if (topModel !== "" && byModel[topModel] > 0) phrases.push("Mostly " + topModel)
+    if (topModel !== "" && byModel[topModel] > 0) phrases.push(I18n.tr("Mostly %1", topModel))
     var busiest = ""
     for (var date in byDay) if (busiest === "" || byDay[date] > byDay[busiest]) busiest = date
-    if (busiest !== "" && byDay[busiest] > 0) phrases.push("Busiest day: " + dayName(busiest))
-    if (prompts > 0) phrases.push(prompts + " prompt" + (prompts === 1 ? "" : "s") + " today")
-    if (sessions > 0) phrases.push(sessions + " session" + (sessions === 1 ? "" : "s") + " today")
+    if (busiest !== "" && byDay[busiest] > 0) phrases.push(I18n.tr("Busiest day: %1", dayName(busiest)))
+    if (prompts > 0) phrases.push(I18n.tr(prompts === 1 ? "%1 prompt today" : "%1 prompts today", prompts))
+    if (sessions > 0) phrases.push(I18n.tr(sessions === 1 ? "%1 session today" : "%1 sessions today", sessions))
     return phrases
   }
   property int phraseIndex: 0
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ Panel {
   property string shownPhrase: ""
   readonly property string heroPhrase: addStage !== "" || blankSlate
     ? addHeading
-    : (shownPhrase !== "" ? shownPhrase : "Subscriptions")
+    : (shownPhrase !== "" ? shownPhrase : I18n.tr("Subscriptions"))
 
   function showPhrase() {
     var n = summaryPhrases.length
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ Panel {
   function dayName(date) {
     var parsed = new Date(String(date || "") + "T00:00:00")
     if (isNaN(parsed.getTime())) return String(date || "")
-    return ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"][parsed.getDay()]
+    return I18n.tr(["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"][parsed.getDay()])
   }
 
   // Only speaks up when the numbers cover more than this machine.
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ Panel {
     for (var i = 0; i < providers.length; i++) {
       var count = Number(providers[i].syncDeviceCount || 0)
       if (providers[i].syncEnabled && count > 0)
-        return "Merged from " + count + " device" + (count === 1 ? "" : "s")
+        return I18n.tr(count === 1 ? "Merged from %1 device" : "Merged from %1 devices", count)
     }
     return ""
   }
@@ -743,8 +743,8 @@ Panel {
 
   // Adding takes over the hero's line, and the cursor starts over.
   readonly property string addHeading: picking || addProvider === ""
-    ? "Add an account"
-    : "Add " + (/^[AEIOU]/.test(addProviderName(addProvider)) ? "an " : "a ") + addProviderName(addProvider) + " account"
+    ? I18n.tr("Add an account")
+    : I18n.tr(/^[AEIOU]/.test(addProviderName(addProvider)) ? "Add an %1 account" : "Add a %1 account", addProviderName(addProvider))
   onAddStageChanged: {
     phraseSwap.stop()
     hero.metaOpacity = 1.0
@@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ Panel {
     stdout: SplitParser { onRead: function(line) { root.handleAddLine(line) } }
     onExited: {
       if (root.addStage === "running") {
-        root.addResult = "The sign-in didn't finish."
+        root.addResult = I18n.tr("The sign-in didn't finish.")
         root.addStage = "error"
       }
     }
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ Panel {
           PanelHero {
             id: hero
             width: parent.width
-            title: "Agents"
+            title: I18n.tr("Agents")
             meta: root.heroPhrase
             foreground: root.foreground
             fontFamily: root.fontFamily
@@ -964,7 +964,7 @@ Panel {
                   onHovered: root.pointAt("add")
                   readonly property bool adding: root.addStage !== ""
                   glyph: adding ? "󰅖" : "󰐕"
-                  tooltip: adding ? "Back to the limits" : "Add a subscription"
+                  tooltip: adding ? I18n.tr("Back to the limits") : I18n.tr("Add a subscription")
                   onClicked: adding ? root.cancelAdd() : root.addAccount()
                 }
 
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ Panel {
                   hasCursor: root.hasKey("launch")
                   onHovered: root.pointAt("launch")
                   glyph: "󰞷"
-                  tooltip: "Start the default agent"
+                  tooltip: I18n.tr("Start the default agent")
                   onClicked: root.launchAgent()
                 }
               }
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(12)
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "MAKE SOMETHING COOL"
+              text: I18n.tr("MAKE SOMETHING COOL")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
             }
@@ -1064,7 +1064,7 @@ Panel {
     Text {
       visible: root.blankSlate && root.picking
       width: parent.width
-      text: "Sign in to an AI coding subscription, and this panel keeps track of how much of it you have left."
+      text: I18n.tr("Sign in to an AI coding subscription, and this panel keeps track of how much of it you have left.")
       color: root.dim
       font.family: root.fontFamily
       font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ Panel {
 
       Text {
         width: parent.width
-        text: "Name this account. It signs in through a private window, so your browser's current account isn't picked up."
+        text: I18n.tr("Name this account. It signs in through a private window, so your browser's current account isn't picked up.")
         color: root.dim
         font.family: root.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ Panel {
       TextField {
         id: addNameField
         width: parent.width
-        placeholderText: "Work"
+        placeholderText: I18n.tr("Work")
         foreground: root.foreground
         font.family: root.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ Panel {
         spacing: Style.space(4)
 
         Text {
-          text: "Confirm this code in your browser"
+          text: I18n.tr("Confirm this code in your browser")
           color: root.dim
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@ Panel {
 
         Text {
           width: parent.width
-          text: "If the page shows a code instead of finishing, paste it here."
+          text: I18n.tr("If the page shows a code instead of finishing, paste it here.")
           color: root.dim
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -1212,7 +1212,7 @@ Panel {
         TextField {
           id: pasteField
           width: parent.width
-          placeholderText: "Code"
+          placeholderText: I18n.tr("Code")
           foreground: root.foreground
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -1223,7 +1223,7 @@ Panel {
 
       TextLink {
         visible: root.addUrl !== ""
-        text: "Open the sign-in page again"
+        text: I18n.tr("Open the sign-in page again")
         onClicked: root.reopenSignIn()
       }
     }
@@ -1329,9 +1329,9 @@ Panel {
     TextLink {
       visible: !section.multi && root.needsSignIn(section.provider)
       picked: root.hasKey("providerSignin", section.providerIndex)
-      text: "Sign-in required"
+      text: I18n.tr("Sign-in required")
       idleColor: root.urgent
-      tooltip: "Sign in to " + (section.provider ? section.provider.providerName : "") + " again"
+      tooltip: I18n.tr("Sign in to %1 again", section.provider ? section.provider.providerName : "")
       onClicked: root.signInAgain(section.provider, null)
     }
 
@@ -1397,7 +1397,7 @@ Panel {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
           width: parent.width * 0.3
           anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-          text: "Balance"
+          text: I18n.tr("Balance")
           color: root.foreground
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -1567,7 +1567,7 @@ Panel {
 
     PanelToolTip {
       visible: tileMouse.containsMouse
-      text: "Start your default agent on a new " + tile.title.toLowerCase()
+      text: I18n.tr("Start your default agent on a new %1", tile.title.toLowerCase())
     }
   }
 
@@ -1771,9 +1771,9 @@ Panel {
           id: signInLink
           visible: root.needsSignIn(head.account)
           picked: head.pickedKind === "signin"
-          text: "Sign-in required"
+          text: I18n.tr("Sign-in required")
           idleColor: root.urgent
-          tooltip: "Sign in to this account again"
+          tooltip: I18n.tr("Sign in to this account again")
           onClicked: root.signInAgain(head.owner, head.account)
         }
       }
@@ -1809,7 +1809,7 @@ Panel {
         id: headActive
         visible: head.isActive
         anchors.right: parent.right
-        text: "ACTIVE"
+        text: I18n.tr("ACTIVE")
         color: Color.accent
         font.family: root.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -1828,19 +1828,19 @@ Panel {
 
         TextLink {
           visible: head.autoOn || useHover.hovered || head.picked
-          text: head.pickedKind === "autoswitch" ? "Autoswitch ⏎" : "Autoswitch"
+          text: I18n.tr("Autoswitch") + (head.pickedKind === "autoswitch" ? " ⏎" : "")
           picked: head.pickedKind === "autoswitch"
           current: head.autoOn
           tooltip: head.autoOn
-            ? "Stop switching automatically"
-            : "Switch here automatically at " + root.switchThreshold(head.owner) + "%"
+            ? I18n.tr("Stop switching automatically")
+            : I18n.tr("Switch here automatically at %1%", root.switchThreshold(head.owner))
           onClicked: root.setSwitchMode(head.owner, head.autoOn ? "manual" : "auto")
         }
 
         // With Autoswitch on, Use waits until the line is hovered or picked.
         TextLink {
           visible: !head.autoOn || useHover.hovered || head.picked
-          text: head.pickedKind === "account" ? "Use ⏎" : "Use"
+          text: I18n.tr("Use") + (head.pickedKind === "account" ? " ⏎" : "")
           picked: head.pickedKind === "account"
           onClicked: root.useAccount(head.owner, head.account)
         }
@@ -1857,7 +1857,7 @@ Panel {
 
     Text {
       id: unavailableLabel
-      text: "Usage unavailable"
+      text: I18n.tr("Usage unavailable")
       color: root.dim
       font.family: root.fontFamily
       font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -1867,7 +1867,7 @@ Panel {
 
     PanelToolTip {
       visible: unavailableHover.hovered && unavailable.visible
-      text: unavailable.record ? String(unavailable.record.authHelpText || "Usage has not been updated yet.") : ""
+      text: unavailable.record ? String(unavailable.record.authHelpText || I18n.tr("Usage has not been updated yet.")) : ""
     }
   }
 
@@ -1892,16 +1892,16 @@ Panel {
       text: {
         var lines = []
         if (compact.window) {
-          lines.push(compact.window.title + ": " + Math.round(compact.window.percent * 100) + "% used"
-            + (compact.resetMs > 0 ? " · resets in " + root.formatDuration(compact.resetMs) : ""))
+          lines.push(I18n.tr("%1: %2% used", compact.window.title, Math.round(compact.window.percent * 100))
+            + (compact.resetMs > 0 ? " · " + I18n.tr("resets in %1", root.formatDuration(compact.resetMs)) : ""))
         }
         if (compact.stale)
           lines.push(compact.fetchedAt > 0 && root.nowMs - compact.fetchedAt > 60000
-            ? "Last updated " + root.formatDuration(root.nowMs - compact.fetchedAt) + " ago"
-            : compact.fetchedAt > 0 ? "Last updated less than a minute ago" : "Last updated time unavailable")
+            ? I18n.tr("Last updated %1 ago", root.formatDuration(root.nowMs - compact.fetchedAt))
+            : compact.fetchedAt > 0 ? I18n.tr("Last updated less than a minute ago") : I18n.tr("Last updated time unavailable"))
         for (var i = 0; i < compact.scoped.length; i++)
-          lines.push(compact.scoped[i].title + ": " + Math.round(compact.scoped[i].percent * 100) + "% of its "
-            + String(compact.window ? compact.window.title : "").toLowerCase() + " allowance")
+          lines.push(I18n.tr("%1: %2% of its %3 allowance", compact.scoped[i].title, Math.round(compact.scoped[i].percent * 100),
+            String(compact.window ? compact.window.title : "").toLowerCase()))
         return lines.join("\n")
       }
     }

shell/plugins/bar/indicators/Dictation.qml

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import QtQuick
 import Quickshell.Io
+import qs.Commons
 import qs.Ui
 
 BarIndicator {
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ BarIndicator {
   activeText: icon
   inactiveText: "󰍬"
   activeTooltipText: state
-  inactiveTooltipText: "Dictate"
+  inactiveTooltipText: I18n.tr("Dictate")
 
   function update(raw) {
     var data = extractData(raw)

shell/plugins/bar/indicators/Dnd.qml

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ BarIndicator {
   active: dnd
   activeText: "󰂛"
   inactiveText: "󰂛"
-  activeTooltipText: "Allow Notifications"
-  inactiveTooltipText: "Silence Notifications"
+  activeTooltipText: I18n.tr("Allow Notifications")
+  inactiveTooltipText: I18n.tr("Silence Notifications")
 
   onPressed: function() {
     if (root.notificationService) {

shell/plugins/bar/indicators/NightLight.qml

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import QtQuick
+import qs.Commons
 import qs.Ui
 
 BarIndicator {
@@ -9,8 +10,8 @@ BarIndicator {
   active: nightlightService ? nightlightService.enabled : false
   activeText: "󰔎"
   inactiveText: "󰔎"
-  activeTooltipText: "Day Light"
-  inactiveTooltipText: "Night Light"
+  activeTooltipText: I18n.tr("Day Light")
+  inactiveTooltipText: I18n.tr("Night Light")
 
   function toggle() {
     if (root.nightlightService) root.nightlightService.setNightlight(!root.active)

shell/plugins/bar/indicators/ScreenRecording.qml

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import QtQuick
 import Quickshell.Io
+import qs.Commons
 import qs.Ui
 
 BarIndicator {
@@ -10,8 +11,8 @@ BarIndicator {
   active: recording
   activeText: "󰻂"
   inactiveText: "󰻂"
-  activeTooltipText: "Stop recording"
-  inactiveTooltipText: "Screen Recording"
+  activeTooltipText: I18n.tr("Stop recording")
+  inactiveTooltipText: I18n.tr("Screen Recording")
 
   function refresh() {
     if (!root.bar || statusProc.running) return

shell/plugins/bar/indicators/StayAwake.qml

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import QtQuick
+import qs.Commons
 import qs.Ui
 
 BarIndicator {
@@ -9,8 +10,8 @@ BarIndicator {
   active: idleService ? idleService.stayAwake : false
   activeText: "󰅶"
   inactiveText: "󰅶"
-  activeTooltipText: "Allow Idle Lock & Screensaver"
-  inactiveTooltipText: "Stay Awake"
+  activeTooltipText: I18n.tr("Allow Idle Lock & Screensaver")
+  inactiveTooltipText: I18n.tr("Stay Awake")
 
   function toggle() {
     if (root.idleService) root.idleService.setIdleEnabled(root.active)

shell/plugins/bar/widgets/Microphone.qml

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import QtQuick
 import Quickshell
 import Quickshell.Services.Pipewire
+import qs.Commons
 import qs.Ui
 
 BarWidget {
@@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ BarWidget {
     bar: root.bar
     text: root.muted ? "󰍭" : "󰍬"
     active: root.inUse
-    tooltipText: root.muted ? "Microphone muted" : (root.inUse ? "Microphone in use" : "Microphone live")
+    tooltipText: root.muted ? I18n.tr("Microphone muted") : (root.inUse ? I18n.tr("Microphone in use") : I18n.tr("Microphone live"))
     onPressed: function(b) {
       if (b === Qt.MiddleButton) root.bar.run("omarchy-shell shell toggle omarchy.audio")
       else root.toggleMute()

shell/plugins/bar/widgets/SystemUpdate.qml

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ BarWidget {
     text: "\uf021"
     slotSize: Style.bar.statusSlot
     fontSize: Style.font.caption
-    tooltipText: "Pending Omarchy Updates"
+    tooltipText: I18n.tr("Pending Omarchy Updates")
     onPressed: root.runUpdate()
   }
 }

shell/plugins/bar/widgets/Tray.qml

@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ BarWidget {
       spacing: Style.space(8)
 
       Text {
-        text: "Tray icons"
+        text: I18n.tr("Tray icons")
         color: root.foreground
         font.family: root.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ BarWidget {
       }
 
       Text {
-        text: "Pinned icons stay visible. Hidden icons never show."
+        text: I18n.tr("Pinned icons stay visible. Hidden icons never show.")
         color: Qt.darker(root.foreground, 1.4)
         font.family: root.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ BarWidget {
 
       Text {
         visible: root.allItems.length === 0
-        text: "No tray items reporting."
+        text: I18n.tr("No tray items reporting.")
         color: Qt.darker(root.foreground, 1.5)
         font.family: root.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ BarWidget {
             anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
             anchors.right: parent.right
             iconText: "\uf08d"
-            text: rowRoot.isPinned ? "Unpin" : "Pin"
+            text: rowRoot.isPinned ? I18n.tr("Unpin") : I18n.tr("Pin")
             foreground: root.foreground
             horizontalPadding: 8
             verticalPadding: 3
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ BarWidget {
             anchors.right: rowPinBtn.left
             anchors.rightMargin: Style.space(6)
             iconText: "\uf06e"
-            text: rowRoot.isHidden ? "Show" : "Hide"
+            text: rowRoot.isHidden ? I18n.tr("Show") : I18n.tr("Hide")
             foreground: root.foreground
             horizontalPadding: 8
             verticalPadding: 3

shell/plugins/clipboard/Clipboard.qml

@@ -398,8 +398,8 @@ Item {
           anchors.fill: parent
           opened: root.clearConfirmOpen
           z: 10
-          message: "Delete entire clipboard history?"
-          confirmText: "Delete"
+          message: I18n.tr("Delete entire clipboard history?")
+          confirmText: I18n.tr("Delete")
           background: root.background
           foreground: root.foreground
           scrim: root.scrim
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ Item {
 
             Text {
               textFormat: Text.PlainText
-              text: root.history.length === 0 ? "Clipboard is empty" : "No matches for “" + root.filterText + "”"
+              text: root.history.length === 0 ? I18n.tr("Clipboard is empty") : I18n.tr("No matches for “%1”", root.filterText)
               color: root.foreground
               opacity: 0.7
               font.family: root.fontFamily

shell/plugins/emojis/Emojis.qml

@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ Item {
 
             Text {
               textFormat: Text.PlainText
-              text: "No matches for “" + root.filterText + "”"
+              text: I18n.tr("No matches for “%1”", root.filterText)
               color: root.foreground
               opacity: 0.7
               font.family: root.fontFamily

shell/plugins/image-picker/ImagePicker.qml

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Item {
 
   function currentLabel() {
     var path = currentPath()
-    if (!path) return filterText ? "No matches" : ""
+    if (!path) return filterText ? I18n.tr("No matches") : ""
 
     return labelForPath(path)
   }

shell/plugins/lock/LockView.qml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Item {
   property string passwordText: ""
   property bool syncingPasswordText: false
 
-  readonly property string placeholderText: "Enter Password"
+  readonly property string placeholderText: I18n.tr("Enter Password")
   readonly property int fieldWidth: 381
   readonly property int fieldHeight: 67
   readonly property int outlineThickness: 3
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ Item {
       Text {
         textFormat: Text.PlainText
         anchors.fill: passwordInput
-        text: root.authenticatingPassword ? "Checking…" : (root.failureMessage.length > 0 ? root.failureMessage : root.placeholderText)
+        text: root.authenticatingPassword ? I18n.tr("Checking…") : (root.failureMessage.length > 0 ? root.failureMessage : root.placeholderText)
         visible: passwordInput.text.length === 0
         color: root.authenticatingPassword ? Color.lock.text : (root.failureMessage.length > 0 ? Color.lock.textError : Color.lock.placeholder)
         font.family: Style.font.family
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ Item {
       anchors.topMargin: 18
       anchors.horizontalCenter: inputField.horizontalCenter
       visible: root.fingerprintConfigured && root.fingerprintUnavailable
-      text: "Fingerprint reader unavailable"
+      text: I18n.tr("Fingerprint reader unavailable")
       color: Color.lock.textError
       font.family: Style.font.family
       font.pixelSize: Style.font.heading

shell/plugins/lock/Service.qml

@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ Item {
     enteredPassword = ""
     pendingPassword = ""
     failedAttempts += 1
-    failureMessage = "Authentication failed (" + failedAttempts + ")"
+    failureMessage = I18n.tr("Authentication failed (%1)", failedAttempts)
     runWake()
   }
 

shell/plugins/menu/Menu.qml

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Item {
   // path doesn't have to shell out to bash + jq on every open.
   property string defaultMenuPath: omarchyPath + "/default/omarchy/omarchy-menu.jsonc"
   property string userMenuPath: Quickshell.env("HOME") + "/.config/omarchy/extensions/omarchy-menu.jsonc"
-  property string localeMenuPath: (Quickshell.env("LANG") || "").startsWith("zh_CN") ? omarchyPath + "/default/omarchy/omarchy-menu.zh-cn.jsonc" : ""
+  property string localeMenuPath: I18n.chinese ? omarchyPath + "/default/omarchy/omarchy-menu.zh-cn.jsonc" : ""
   property var defaultMenuItems: []
   property var localeMenuItems: []
   property var userMenuItems: []
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ Item {
   function openDmenu(payload) {
     requestSerial += 1
     mode = payload.mode === "input" ? "input" : "select"
-    dmenuPrompt = String(payload.prompt || (mode === "input" ? "Input" : "Select"))
+    dmenuPrompt = String(payload.prompt || (mode === "input" ? I18n.tr("Input") : I18n.tr("Select")))
     dmenuOptions = Array.isArray(payload.options) ? payload.options : []
     selectionFile = String(payload.selectionFile || "")
     doneFile = String(payload.doneFile || "")
@@ -1182,8 +1182,8 @@ Item {
           anchors.fill: parent
           opened: root.deleteConfirmOpen
           z: 10
-          message: "Do you want to uninstall " + ((root.deleteTarget && root.deleteTarget.label) || "") + "?"
-          confirmText: "Uninstall"
+          message: I18n.tr("Do you want to uninstall %1?", (root.deleteTarget && root.deleteTarget.label) || "")
+          confirmText: I18n.tr("Uninstall")
           background: root.background
           foreground: root.foreground
           scrim: root.scrim
@@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ Item {
             anchors.left: parent.left
             anchors.right: parent.right
             anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-            text: root.filterText || (root.dmenuActive ? (root.dmenuPrompt + "…") : ((root.item(root.activeMenu) ? (root.item(root.activeMenu).title || root.item(root.activeMenu).label) : "Go") + "…"))
+            text: root.filterText || (root.dmenuActive ? (root.dmenuPrompt + "…") : ((root.item(root.activeMenu) ? I18n.tr(root.item(root.activeMenu).title || root.item(root.activeMenu).label) : I18n.tr("Go")) + "…"))
             color: root.foreground
             opacity: root.filterText ? 1 : 0.58
             font.family: root.fontFamily
@@ -1471,7 +1471,7 @@ Item {
 
             Text {
               textFormat: Text.PlainText
-              text: root.filterText ? "No matches for “" + root.filterText + "”" : "Nothing here yet"
+              text: root.filterText ? I18n.tr("No matches for “%1”", root.filterText) : I18n.tr("Nothing here yet")
               color: root.foreground
               opacity: 0.7
               font.family: root.fontFamily

shell/plugins/notifications/Service.qml

@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ Item {
         originalId: -1,
         app: "omarchy-action",
         appIcon: "",
-        summary: "No recent notifications",
+        summary: I18n.tr("No recent notifications"),
         body: "",
         image: "",
         glyph: "󰂚",

shell/plugins/notifications/components/NotificationCard.qml

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ BorderSurface {
   readonly property bool singleLineToast: sanitizedBody.length === 0
   readonly property bool collapseRedundantIcon: singleLineToast && !hasGlyph && summaryStartsWithGlyph
   readonly property string sanitizedBody: sanitizeBody(body)
-  readonly property string styledBody: NotificationLogic.styledBody(body, app, appIcon)
+  readonly property string styledBody: NotificationLogic.styledBody(I18n.tr(body), app, appIcon)
 
   readonly property color dimColor: Qt.darker(Color.notifications.text, 1.4)
   readonly property color bodyColor: Qt.darker(Color.notifications.text, 1.15)
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ BorderSurface {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
           Layout.fillWidth: true
           visible: root.summary.length > 0
-          text: root.summary
+          text: I18n.tr(root.summary)
           font.family: "Liberation Sans"
           color: Color.notifications.text
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.title

shell/plugins/osd/Osd.qml

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ Item {
     font.family: Style.font.family
     font.bold: true
     font.pixelSize: Style.font.title
-    text: root.message
+    text: I18n.tr(root.message)
   }
 
   TextMetrics {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ Item {
           // a hole in the padding; the slack lands in the gap after the bar.
           horizontalAlignment: root.hasProgress ? Text.AlignRight : Text.AlignLeft
           anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-          text: root.message
+          text: I18n.tr(root.message)
           font: messageMetrics.font
           color: Color.popups.text
           elide: Text.ElideRight

shell/plugins/panels/audio/Panel.qml

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ Panel {
   readonly property bool hasOutput: !!(volumeSink && volumeSink.audio)
   readonly property bool hasInput: !!(source && source.audio)
   readonly property bool anyAudible: (hasOutput && !outputMuted) || (hasInput && !inputMuted)
-  readonly property string toggleHint: anyAudible ? "Mute" : "Unmute"
+  readonly property string toggleHint: anyAudible ? I18n.tr("Mute") : I18n.tr("Unmute")
 
   readonly property color hoverFill: bar
     ? Style.hoverFillFor(bar.foreground, Color.accent)
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ Panel {
   // panel's brightnessName ladder; bands are wide enough that small
   // tweaks don't rename the room you're in.
   function outputVolumeName(volume, muted) {
-    return Model.outputVolumeName(volume, muted)
+    return I18n.tr(Model.outputVolumeName(volume, muted))
   }
 
   function setOutputVolume(v) {
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ Panel {
               spacing: Style.space(2)
 
               Text {
-                text: "Audio"
+                text: I18n.tr("Audio")
                 color: root.bar.foreground
                 font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.title
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ Panel {
 
               PanelSectionHeader {
                 id: outputHeader
-                text: "OUTPUT"
+                text: I18n.tr("OUTPUT")
                 foreground: root.bar.foreground
                 fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
                 anchors.left: parent.left
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ Panel {
 
               PanelSectionHeader {
                 id: microphoneHeader
-                text: "INPUT"
+                text: I18n.tr("INPUT")
                 foreground: root.bar.foreground
                 fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
                 anchors.left: parent.left
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ Panel {
             visible: root.displayAudioStreams.length > 0
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "SOURCES"
+              text: I18n.tr("SOURCES")
               foreground: root.bar.foreground
               fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
             }

shell/plugins/panels/bluetooth/Panel.qml

@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@ Panel {
 
   property int phraseIndex: 0
   readonly property var activePhrases: [
-    "Untangling wires",
-    "Streaming vikings",
-    "Pairing mysteries",
-    "Herding headsets",
-    "Taming radios",
-    "Summoning speakers",
-    "Wrangling codecs",
-    "Polishing packets"
+    I18n.tr("Untangling wires"),
+    I18n.tr("Streaming vikings"),
+    I18n.tr("Pairing mysteries"),
+    I18n.tr("Herding headsets"),
+    I18n.tr("Taming radios"),
+    I18n.tr("Summoning speakers"),
+    I18n.tr("Wrangling codecs"),
+    I18n.tr("Polishing packets")
   ]
   readonly property bool rotatingPhrases: adapter && adapter.enabled
   readonly property string heroStatusText: {
-    if (!adapter) return "No adapter"
-    if (!adapter.enabled) return "Turned Off"
+    if (!adapter) return I18n.tr("No adapter")
+    if (!adapter.enabled) return I18n.tr("Turned Off")
     return activePhrases[phraseIndex % activePhrases.length]
   }
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Panel {
   // sits above the device sections so the adapter can be toggled by keyboard
   // even when it is off and no device rows exist.
   readonly property bool headerHasCursor: cursorActive && focusSection === "header"
-  readonly property string toggleHint: root.adapter && root.adapter.enabled ? "Turn Bluetooth off" : "Turn Bluetooth on"
+  readonly property string toggleHint: root.adapter && root.adapter.enabled ? I18n.tr("Turn Bluetooth off") : I18n.tr("Turn Bluetooth on")
 
   readonly property color hoverFill: bar
     ? Style.hoverFillFor(bar.foreground, Color.accent)
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ Panel {
     var rows = scrollRows
     if (index < 0 || index >= rows.length) return ""
     if (index > 0 && rows[index - 1].section === rows[index].section) return ""
-    return rows[index].section === "known" ? "PAIRED" : "AVAILABLE"
+    return rows[index].section === "known" ? I18n.tr("PAIRED") : I18n.tr("AVAILABLE")
   }
 
   function audioSinks() {
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(2)
 
             Text {
-              text: "Bluetooth"
+              text: I18n.tr("Bluetooth")
               color: root.bar.foreground
               font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
               font.pixelSize: Style.font.title
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ Panel {
           spacing: Style.space(10)
 
           PanelSectionHeader {
-            text: "CONNECTED"
+            text: I18n.tr("CONNECTED")
             foreground: root.bar.foreground
             fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
           }
@@ -867,9 +867,9 @@ Panel {
         Text {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
           visible: root.connectedDevices.length === 0 && root.scrollRows.length === 0
-          text: !root.adapter ? "No Bluetooth adapter"
-              : !root.adapter.enabled ? "Turn Bluetooth on to scan"
-              : "Scanning for devices…"
+          text: !root.adapter ? I18n.tr("No Bluetooth adapter")
+              : !root.adapter.enabled ? I18n.tr("Turn Bluetooth on to scan")
+              : I18n.tr("Scanning for devices…")
           color: Qt.darker(root.bar.foreground, 1.5)
           font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -894,9 +894,9 @@ Panel {
     readonly property string action: root.pendingAction(dev ? dev.address : "")
     readonly property string actionTooltip: {
       if (!dev) return ""
-      if (isConnected) return "Disconnect"
-      if (isDiscovered) return "Pair"
-      return "Connect"
+      if (isConnected) return I18n.tr("Disconnect")
+      if (isDiscovered) return I18n.tr("Pair")
+      return I18n.tr("Connect")
     }
 
     readonly property bool rowSelected: root.cursorActive && root.focusSection === sectionName && root.selectedIndex === rowIndex
@@ -911,13 +911,13 @@ Panel {
 
     readonly property string statusText: {
       if (!dev) return ""
-      if (action === "forgetting") return "Forgetting…"
-      if (action === "disconnecting" || devState === 2) return "Disconnecting…"
+      if (action === "forgetting") return I18n.tr("Forgetting…")
+      if (action === "disconnecting" || devState === 2) return I18n.tr("Disconnecting…")
       if (isConnected) {
         if (dev.batteryAvailable) return Math.round(dev.battery * 100) + "%"
-        return sectionName === "connected" ? "" : "Connected"
+        return sectionName === "connected" ? "" : I18n.tr("Connected")
       }
-      if (action === "connecting" || devState === 3 || dev.pairing === true) return "Connecting…"
+      if (action === "connecting" || devState === 3 || dev.pairing === true) return I18n.tr("Connecting…")
       if (isDiscovered) return ""
       return ""
     }
@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ Panel {
 
         Text {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
-          text: root.deviceLabel(row.dev) || "Device"
+          text: root.deviceLabel(row.dev) || I18n.tr("Device")
           color: root.bar.foreground
           font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -1019,7 +1019,7 @@ Panel {
         anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
         visible: row.showForgetButton
         iconText: "󰅙"
-        tooltipText: "Forget"
+        tooltipText: I18n.tr("Forget")
         foreground: root.bar.foreground
         hoverColor: root.bar.foreground
         fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily

shell/plugins/panels/clock/BarWidget.qml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ BarWidget {
     : setting("format", "dddd HH:mm")
   readonly property string configuredAltFormat: vertical
     ? setting("verticalFormatAlt", "dd\nMMM\n'W'ww\n''yy")
-    : setting("formatAlt", "d MMMM 'W'ww yyyy")
+    : setting("formatAlt", I18n.chinese ? "yyyy年M月d日 'W'ww" : "d MMMM 'W'ww yyyy")
 
   readonly property var formatRing: Model.clockFormatRing(configuredFormat, configuredAltFormat, Model.clockFormats(vertical))
 
@@ -56,8 +56,10 @@ BarWidget {
       root.bar.shell.updateEntryInline(root.moduleName, entry)
   }
 
+  // Qt.formatDateTime is always English; a Chinese session takes day and month names from its locale.
   function formatted(date) {
-    return Qt.formatDateTime(date, activeFormat.replace(/ww/g, Model.isoWeekLiteral(date.getFullYear(), date.getMonth(), date.getDate())))
+    var format = activeFormat.replace(/ww/g, Model.isoWeekLiteral(date.getFullYear(), date.getMonth(), date.getDate()))
+    return I18n.chinese ? Qt.locale().toString(date, format) : Qt.formatDateTime(date, format)
   }
 
   // ---- Calendar popup. Shape contract for shell.summon/hide/toggle
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ BarWidget {
     fixedHeight: root.vertical ? root.verticalLines.length * Style.bar.iconSlot : -1
     horizontalMargin: 8.75
     verticalPadding: 8.75
-    tooltipText: "Right-click to toggle format"
+    tooltipText: I18n.tr("Right-click to toggle format")
 
     onPressed: function(b) {
       if (b === Qt.RightButton) root.cycleFormat()

shell/plugins/panels/clock/Panel.qml

@@ -64,10 +64,8 @@ Panel {
   // convention. Clicking the grid's "W" heading writes the choice back to
   // shell.json.
   readonly property int weekStart: Model.normalizedWeekStart(setting("weekStartDay", null), Qt.locale().firstDayOfWeek)
-  // The interface is English throughout, so day names are not taken from the
-  // system locale. Where the week starts still is: that is a regional
-  // convention rather than a translation, and it stays overridable above.
-  readonly property var labelLocale: Qt.locale("en_US")
+  // Day names follow the interface language, not the system locale; the week start above is a regional convention.
+  readonly property var labelLocale: I18n.chinese ? Qt.locale("zh_CN") : Qt.locale("en_US")
   readonly property string nextWeekStartLabel: labelLocale.dayName(Model.toggledWeekStart(weekStart), Locale.LongFormat)
   readonly property var weekdays: Model.weekdayOrder(weekStart)
   readonly property var weeks: Model.monthGrid(viewYear, viewMonth, weekStart, todayKey)
@@ -315,7 +313,7 @@ Panel {
                 id: heroDate
                 textFormat: Text.PlainText
                 anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-                text: Qt.formatDate(root.today, "MMMM d")
+                text: I18n.chinese ? root.labelLocale.toString(root.today, "M月d日") : Qt.formatDate(root.today, "MMMM d")
                 color: heroMouse.containsMouse
                   ? Style.hoverStateColor(root.contentForeground, Color.accent)
                   : root.contentForeground
@@ -338,7 +336,7 @@ Panel {
 
               PanelToolTip {
                 visible: heroMouse.containsMouse
-                text: "Back to today"
+                text: I18n.tr("Back to today")
                 fontFamily: root.contentFontFamily
               }
             }
@@ -371,7 +369,7 @@ Panel {
 
                 Text {
                   anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-                  text: "BORN"
+                  text: I18n.tr("BORN")
                   color: Qt.darker(root.contentForeground, 1.5)
                   font.family: root.contentFontFamily
                   font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -394,7 +392,7 @@ Panel {
                   anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
                   anchors.verticalCenterOffset: 0
                   leftPadding: Style.space(6)
-                  text: "LIVE TO"
+                  text: I18n.tr("LIVE TO")
                   color: Qt.darker(root.contentForeground, 1.5)
                   font.family: root.contentFontFamily
                   font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -481,7 +479,7 @@ Panel {
                 id: lifeLabel
                 anchors.left: parent.left
                 anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-                text: "LIFE"
+                text: I18n.tr("LIFE")
                 color: Qt.darker(root.contentForeground, 1.5)
                 font.family: root.contentFontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -600,7 +598,7 @@ Panel {
 
                   PanelToolTip {
                     visible: weekStartMouse.containsMouse
-                    text: "Start weeks on " + root.nextWeekStartLabel
+                    text: I18n.tr("Start weeks on %1", root.nextWeekStartLabel)
                     fontFamily: root.contentFontFamily
                   }
                 }
@@ -723,7 +721,7 @@ Panel {
                 // "MAY 2026" and a "SEPTEMBER 2026".
                 width: Style.space(130)
                 horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
-                text: Qt.formatDate(root.viewDate, "MMMM yyyy").toUpperCase()
+                text: I18n.chinese ? root.labelLocale.toString(root.viewDate, "yyyy年M月") : Qt.formatDate(root.viewDate, "MMMM yyyy").toUpperCase()
                 color: Qt.darker(root.contentForeground, 1.4)
                 font.family: root.contentFontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -737,7 +735,7 @@ Panel {
                 anchors.leftMargin: -Style.space(8)
                 anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
                 iconText: "󰅁"
-                tooltipText: "Previous month"
+                tooltipText: I18n.tr("Previous month")
                 foreground: root.contentForeground
                 fontFamily: root.contentFontFamily
                 onClicked: root.moveMonth(-1)
@@ -748,7 +746,7 @@ Panel {
                 anchors.rightMargin: -Style.space(8)
                 anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
                 iconText: "󰅂"
-                tooltipText: "Next month"
+                tooltipText: I18n.tr("Next month")
                 foreground: root.contentForeground
                 fontFamily: root.contentFontFamily
                 onClicked: root.moveMonth(1)

shell/plugins/panels/disk-speedtest/Panel.qml

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ Item {
       }
 
       if (!root.expectedStop && exitCode !== 0) {
-        root.error = root.stderrText || "Disk speed test failed"
+        root.error = root.stderrText || I18n.tr("Disk speed test failed")
         root.phase = ""
         root.running = false
         return
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ Item {
     fontFamily: Style.font.family
     layerNamespace: "omarchy-disk-speedtest"
     title: root.diskName
-    leftLabel: "READ"
-    rightLabel: "WRITE"
+    leftLabel: I18n.tr("READ")
+    rightLabel: I18n.tr("WRITE")
     unit: "MB/s"
-    runAgainTooltip: "Measure again"
+    runAgainTooltip: I18n.tr("Measure again")
     running: root.running
     leftValue: root.toRate(root.readMBps)
     rightValue: root.toRate(root.writeMBps)

shell/plugins/panels/dropbox/Panel.qml

@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@ Panel {
   property int phraseIndex: 0
 
   readonly property var activePhrases: [
-    "Filing files",
-    "Distributing data",
-    "Shuffling folders",
-    "Boxing bytes",
-    "Sorting stuff",
-    "Syncing secrets",
-    "Packing packets",
-    "Moving memories",
-    "Wrangling revisions",
-    "Cataloging chaos"
+    I18n.tr("Filing files"),
+    I18n.tr("Distributing data"),
+    I18n.tr("Shuffling folders"),
+    I18n.tr("Boxing bytes"),
+    I18n.tr("Sorting stuff"),
+    I18n.tr("Syncing secrets"),
+    I18n.tr("Packing packets"),
+    I18n.tr("Moving memories"),
+    I18n.tr("Wrangling revisions"),
+    I18n.tr("Cataloging chaos")
   ]
   readonly property string heroPhraseText: activePhrases[phraseIndex % activePhrases.length]
   readonly property color foreground: bar ? bar.foreground : Color.foreground
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Panel {
   readonly property color dim: Qt.darker(foreground, 1.55)
   readonly property string fontFamily: bar ? bar.fontFamily : Style.font.family
   readonly property color iconColor: dropbox.authenticated && dropbox.active ? foreground : dim
-  readonly property string toggleHint: dropbox.active ? "Pause syncing" : "Resume syncing"
+  readonly property string toggleHint: dropbox.active ? I18n.tr("Pause syncing") : I18n.tr("Resume syncing")
   readonly property color barIconColor: dropbox.authenticated && dropbox.active ? barForeground : Qt.darker(barForeground, 1.55)
   // Only claim the header cursor when the switch is actually on screen —
   // "header" stays navigable, but an absent CLI leaves nothing to highlight.
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ Panel {
               id: hero
               width: parent.width
               title: "Dropbox"
-              meta: dropbox.active ? root.heroPhraseText : "Syncing paused"
+              meta: dropbox.active ? root.heroPhraseText : I18n.tr("Syncing paused")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
               iconOpacity: dropbox.active ? 1.0 : 0.5
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ Panel {
             Column {
               width: parent.width
               spacing: Style.spacing.labelGap
-              InfoPair { label: "Stored"; value: Model.usageText(dropbox.usedBytes, dropbox.quotaBytes, dropbox.quotaKnown) }
+              InfoPair { label: I18n.tr("Stored"); value: Model.usageText(dropbox.usedBytes, dropbox.quotaBytes, dropbox.quotaKnown) }
             }
           }
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(10)
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "RECENT FILES"
+              text: I18n.tr("RECENT FILES")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
             }
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ Panel {
             Text {
               visible: dropbox.files.length === 0
               width: parent.width
-              text: "No synced files found."
+              text: I18n.tr("No synced files found.")
               color: root.dim
               font.family: root.fontFamily
               font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ Panel {
         Text {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
           Layout.fillWidth: true
-          text: dropbox.installed ? "Login to Dropbox" : "Dropbox CLI is not installed"
+          text: dropbox.installed ? I18n.tr("Login to Dropbox") : I18n.tr("Dropbox CLI is not installed")
           color: root.foreground
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ Panel {
         Text {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
           Layout.fillWidth: true
-          text: dropbox.installed ? "Start the authentication flow" : "Install Dropbox from the service menu"
+          text: dropbox.installed ? I18n.tr("Start the authentication flow") : I18n.tr("Install Dropbox from the service menu")
           color: root.dim
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ Panel {
     id: fileRow
     property var file: null
     property int rowIndex: 0
-    readonly property string fileName: file ? String(file.name || "Untitled") : "Untitled"
+    readonly property string fileName: file ? String(file.name || I18n.tr("Untitled")) : I18n.tr("Untitled")
 
     hasCursor: root.cursorActive && root.focusSection === "files" && root.fileIndex === rowIndex
     foreground: root.foreground

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/CityMatches.qml

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Column {
     width: parent.width
     horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
     topPadding: Style.spacing.md
-    text: list.citySearch.loading ? list.citySearch.loadingText : "No matches"
+    text: list.citySearch.loading ? list.citySearch.loadingText : I18n.tr("No matches")
     color: list.citySearch.fainter
   }
 

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/CityRow.qml

@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ Rectangle {
     color: Model.mix(Color.popups.background, row.foreground, _hot ? 0.24 : 0.14)
     borderSpec: Border.flat(Model.mix(Color.popups.background, row.foreground, _hot ? 0.65 : 0.35), Style.space(1))
     iconText: "\u00d7"
-    tooltipText: "Remove"
+    tooltipText: I18n.tr("Remove")
     foreground: row.dim
     hoverColor: row.foreground
     fontFamily: row.fontFamily

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/CitySearch.qml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Column {
   property var offsetLabel: function(zoneId) { return "" }
   property bool loading: false
   property string buttonText: "+  Add a city"
-  property string placeholderText: "Search cities\u2026"
+  property string placeholderText: I18n.tr("Search cities…")
   property string loadingText: "Loading zones\u2026"
   property real fontSize: Style.font.bodySmall
   property color foreground: Color.foreground

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/DaylightStrip.qml

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ Item {
     var out = []
     var up = Sun.eventMark(sun.riseMinutes)
     var down = Sun.eventMark(sun.setMinutes)
-    if (up !== null) out.push({ x: up, minutes: sun.riseMinutes, rising: true, name: "Sunrise" })
-    if (down !== null) out.push({ x: down, minutes: sun.setMinutes, rising: false, name: "Sunset" })
+    if (up !== null) out.push({ x: up, minutes: sun.riseMinutes, rising: true, name: I18n.tr("Sunrise") })
+    if (down !== null) out.push({ x: down, minutes: sun.setMinutes, rising: false, name: I18n.tr("Sunset") })
     return out
   }
 

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/Globe.qml

@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ Item {
     limit: 5
     inlineResults: false
     loading: root.jumpOptions.length === 0
-    buttonText: "Jump to a city"
+    buttonText: I18n.tr("Jump to a city")
     loadingText: "Loading cities\u2026"
     offsetLabel: function(zoneId) { return Model.utcOffsetLabel(root.offsets[zoneId]) }
     foreground: root.foreground

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/HeroTitle.qml

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Column {
     anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
     spacing: Style.space(9)
 
-    TitleWord { text: "World" }
+    TitleWord { text: I18n.tr("World") }
 
     Item {
       id: heroIcon
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ Column {
       }
     }
 
-    TitleWord { text: "Clock" }
+    TitleWord { text: I18n.tr("Clock") }
   }
 
   component TitleWord: Text {

shell/plugins/panels/elsewhen/Panel.qml

@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ Panel {
   }
 
   // No full stop: a period hanging off the arc reads as a speck.
-  readonly property string hereLine: "It's " + localTime + " here"
+  readonly property string hereLine: I18n.tr("It's %1 here", localTime)
     + (homeCity !== "" ? " in " + homeCity : "")
     + (scrubLabel !== "" ? "  " + scrubLabel : "")
 
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ Panel {
     bar: root.bar
     slotSize: Style.bar.statusSlot
     text: "󰇧"
-    tooltipText: "World clock"
+    tooltipText: I18n.tr("World clock")
     onPressed: function(buttonCode) {
       if (buttonCode === Qt.RightButton || buttonCode === Qt.MiddleButton) root.refresh()
       else root.toggle()

shell/plugins/panels/monitor/Panel.qml

@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ Panel {
               spacing: Style.space(2)
 
               Text {
-                text: "Display"
+                text: I18n.tr("Display")
                 color: root.bar.foreground
                 font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.title
@@ -569,9 +569,9 @@ Panel {
                 textFormat: Text.PlainText
                 text: {
                   if (root.brightnessAvailable) {
-                    return root.brightnessName(brightnessSlider.dragging ? brightnessSlider.liveValue : root.brightnessPercent).toUpperCase()
+                    return I18n.tr(root.brightnessName(brightnessSlider.dragging ? brightnessSlider.liveValue : root.brightnessPercent)).toUpperCase()
                   }
-                  return "FIXED BRIGHTNESS"
+                  return I18n.tr("FIXED BRIGHTNESS")
                 }
                 color: Qt.darker(root.bar.foreground, 1.4)
                 font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ Panel {
 
               PanelSectionHeader {
                 id: brightnessHeader
-                text: "BRIGHTNESS"
+                text: I18n.tr("BRIGHTNESS")
                 foreground: root.bar.foreground
                 fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
                 anchors.left: parent.left
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ Panel {
 
               PanelSectionHeader {
                 id: textSizeHeader
-                text: "TEXT SIZE"
+                text: I18n.tr("TEXT SIZE")
                 foreground: root.bar.foreground
                 fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
                 anchors.left: parent.left
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ Panel {
 
               PanelSectionHeader {
                 id: scaleHeader
-                text: "SCALE"
+                text: I18n.tr("SCALE")
                 foreground: root.bar.foreground
                 fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
                 anchors.left: parent.left
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ Panel {
             visible: root.displays.length > 1
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "DISPLAYS"
+              text: I18n.tr("DISPLAYS")
               foreground: root.bar.foreground
               fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
             }

shell/plugins/panels/network/Panel.qml

@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ Panel {
   readonly property bool hasTransferStats: info.rx_bytes !== undefined
   property int connectionPhraseIndex: 0
   readonly property var connectionPhrases: [
-    "Wiring bits",
-    "Handling packets",
-    "Sorting frames",
-    "Hauling bytes",
-    "Routing crumbs",
-    "Counting collisions",
-    "Bending light",
+    I18n.tr("Wiring bits"),
+    I18n.tr("Handling packets"),
+    I18n.tr("Sorting frames"),
+    I18n.tr("Hauling bytes"),
+    I18n.tr("Routing crumbs"),
+    I18n.tr("Counting collisions"),
+    I18n.tr("Bending light"),
   ]
   readonly property string connectionPhrase: connectionPhrases[connectionPhraseIndex % connectionPhrases.length]
   readonly property bool networkManagerAvailable: Networking.backend === NetworkBackendType.NetworkManager
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ Panel {
   readonly property bool qrHeaderHasCursor: cursorActive && focusSection === "header" && headerIndex === qrHeaderIndex
   readonly property bool speedHeaderHasCursor: cursorActive && focusSection === "header" && headerIndex === speedHeaderIndex
   readonly property bool toggleHeaderHasCursor: cursorActive && focusSection === "header" && headerIndex === toggleHeaderIndex
-  readonly property string toggleHint: Networking.wifiEnabled ? "Turn Wi-Fi off" : "Turn Wi-Fi on"
+  readonly property string toggleHint: Networking.wifiEnabled ? I18n.tr("Turn Wi-Fi off") : I18n.tr("Turn Wi-Fi on")
   readonly property var dnsProviders: ["DHCP", "Cloudflare", "Google", "Custom"]
   property int dnsIndex: 0
   // ["2.4", "5", ...], or empty when there is nothing to choose between.
@@ -159,7 +159,10 @@ Panel {
   // Under Automatic there is nothing to pick, so the pills collapse away and
   // the header states the live band instead.
   readonly property bool bandPillsVisible: canSelectBand && bandPinned
-  readonly property string bandSectionTitle: Model.bandSectionTitle(bandEffective, bandCurrent)
+  readonly property string bandSectionTitle: {
+    var title = Model.bandSectionTitle(bandEffective, bandCurrent)
+    return title.indexOf("WI-FI BAND: ") === 0 ? I18n.tr("WI-FI BAND: %1", title.slice(12)) : I18n.tr(title)
+  }
   readonly property bool bandBusy: pendingBand !== ""
   // The speed test needs an interface to test, so its hero action only
   // appears once there is one.
@@ -279,11 +282,12 @@ Panel {
   }
 
   function bandLabel(band) {
-    return Model.bandLabel(band)
+    return I18n.tr(Model.bandLabel(band))
   }
 
   function bandTooltip(band) {
-    return Model.bandTooltip(band)
+    var tip = Model.bandTooltip(band)
+    return tip.indexOf("Stay on ") === 0 ? I18n.tr("Stay on %1", bandLabel(band)) : I18n.tr(tip)
   }
 
   // Single cursor model: exactly one highlighted spot across the whole
@@ -662,7 +666,7 @@ Panel {
   }
 
   function formatPingLatency(ms) {
-    return Model.formatPingLatency(ms, hasInternetPing)
+    return I18n.tr(Model.formatPingLatency(ms, hasInternetPing))
   }
 
   function formatPacketLoss(percent) {
@@ -709,7 +713,7 @@ Panel {
   }
 
   function wifiSectionTitle(index) {
-    return Model.wifiSectionTitle(wifiNetworks, index)
+    return I18n.tr(Model.wifiSectionTitle(wifiNetworks, index))
   }
 
   function wifiIconFor(strength) {
@@ -754,7 +758,7 @@ Panel {
     cancelPasswordPrompt()
     var connection = ""
     if (info.type === "wifi") connection = info.ssid || "Wi-Fi"
-    else if (info.type === "ethernet") connection = "Ethernet"
+    else if (info.type === "ethernet") connection = I18n.tr("Ethernet")
     bar.shell.summon("omarchy.speedtest", connection ? JSON.stringify({ connection: connection }) : "{}")
   }
 
@@ -835,7 +839,7 @@ Panel {
     if (!network || actionKind === "" || actionSsid !== (network.name || "")) return
     actionTimeout.stop()
     failureSsid = actionSsid
-    failureReason = networkFailureReason(reason, requiresCredentials(network.security))
+    failureReason = I18n.tr(networkFailureReason(reason, requiresCredentials(network.security)))
     actionSsid = ""
     actionKind = ""
     refresh()
@@ -1062,9 +1066,9 @@ Panel {
     onTriggered: {
       if (!root.actionKind) return
       var reason
-      if (root.actionKind === "connect") reason = "Timed out connecting"
-      else if (root.actionKind === "disconnect") reason = "Timed out disconnecting"
-      else reason = "Timed out forgetting"
+      if (root.actionKind === "connect") reason = I18n.tr("Timed out connecting")
+      else if (root.actionKind === "disconnect") reason = I18n.tr("Timed out disconnecting")
+      else reason = I18n.tr("Timed out forgetting")
       root.failureSsid = root.actionSsid
       root.failureReason = reason
       root.actionSsid = ""
@@ -1079,8 +1083,8 @@ Panel {
     bar: root.bar
     text: root.icon
     active: root.restricted
-    tooltipText: root.hasCaptivePortal ? "Sign in to this network"
-      : (root.restricted ? "Limited internet access" : "")
+    tooltipText: root.hasCaptivePortal ? I18n.tr("Sign in to this network")
+      : (root.restricted ? I18n.tr("Limited internet access") : "")
 
     onPressed: function(b) {
       if (root.opened) root.close()
@@ -1249,7 +1253,7 @@ Panel {
             id: qrAction
             visible: root.canShareWifi
             iconText: "󰐲"
-            tooltipText: "Show QR code"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Show QR code")
             foreground: root.bar.foreground
             fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
             iconSize: Style.font.subtitle * 1.5
@@ -1265,7 +1269,7 @@ Panel {
             id: speedAction
             visible: root.canRunSpeedTest
             iconText: "󰓅"
-            tooltipText: "Run a speed test"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Run a speed test")
             foreground: root.bar.foreground
             fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
             iconSize: Style.font.subtitle * 1.5
@@ -1316,8 +1320,8 @@ Panel {
               // SSID even before route/details polling has returned anything.
               if (root.kind === "wifi" && root.connectedWifiNetwork) return root.connectedWifiNetwork.name || "Wi-Fi"
               if (root.info.type === "wifi") return root.info.ssid || "Wi-Fi"
-              if (root.info.type === "ethernet") return "Ethernet"
-              return root.info.iface || (root.kind === "disconnected" ? "Disconnected" : "No connection")
+              if (root.info.type === "ethernet") return I18n.tr("Ethernet")
+              return root.info.iface || (root.kind === "disconnected" ? I18n.tr("Disconnected") : I18n.tr("No connection"))
             }
             readonly property string detail: root.headerDetail()
 
@@ -1334,15 +1338,15 @@ Panel {
             textFormat: Text.PlainText
             width: parent.width
             text: {
-              if (root.hasCaptivePortal) return "SIGN-IN REQUIRED"
-              if (root.restricted) return "LIMITED INTERNET ACCESS"
+              if (root.hasCaptivePortal) return I18n.tr("SIGN-IN REQUIRED")
+              if (root.restricted) return I18n.tr("LIMITED INTERNET ACCESS")
               if (root.info.type === "wifi") {
                 if (root.canDisconnect) return root.connectionPhrase.toUpperCase()
-                if (root.kind === "disconnected") return "NOT CONNECTED"
+                if (root.kind === "disconnected") return I18n.tr("NOT CONNECTED")
                 return ""
               }
               if (root.info.type === "ethernet") return root.connectionPhrase.toUpperCase()
-              if (root.kind === "disconnected") return "NOT CONNECTED"
+              if (root.kind === "disconnected") return I18n.tr("NOT CONNECTED")
               return ""
             }
             visible: text !== ""
@@ -1365,7 +1369,7 @@ Panel {
         Button {
           id: portalAction
           width: parent.width
-          text: "Open Captive Portal"
+          text: I18n.tr("Open Captive Portal")
           iconText: "󰏌"
           foreground: root.bar.urgent
           accent: root.bar.urgent
@@ -1384,7 +1388,7 @@ Panel {
 
         Text {
           width: parent.width
-          text: "Sign in or accept this network’s terms to access the internet."
+          text: I18n.tr("Sign in or accept this network’s terms to access the internet.")
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
           wrapMode: Text.WordWrap
           color: root.bar.foreground
@@ -1410,38 +1414,38 @@ Panel {
           // opened, once the first probe returned, shoving everything below
           // them down. They now hold their place and read "--" until there is
           // a sample.
-          InfoLabel { text: "Ping" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Ping") }
           DetailValue {
             text: root.formatPingLatency(root.internetPingLatency)
             color: root.internetPingPacketLoss > 0 ? root.bar.urgent : root.bar.foreground
           }
-          InfoLabel { text: "Packet Loss" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Packet Loss") }
           DetailValue {
             text: root.formatPacketLoss(root.internetPingPacketLoss)
             color: root.internetPingPacketLoss > 0 ? root.bar.urgent : root.bar.foreground
           }
 
-          InfoLabel { text: "Receiving" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Receiving") }
           DetailValue { text: root.hasTransferStats ? root.formatRate(root.downloadRate) : "--" }
-          InfoLabel { text: "Sending" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Sending") }
           DetailValue { text: root.hasTransferStats ? root.formatRate(root.uploadRate) : "--" }
 
-          InfoLabel { text: "Downloaded" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Downloaded") }
           DetailValue { text: root.hasTransferStats ? root.formatBytes(parseFloat(root.info.rx_bytes || "0")) : "--" }
-          InfoLabel { text: "Uploaded" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Uploaded") }
           DetailValue { text: root.hasTransferStats ? root.formatBytes(parseFloat(root.info.tx_bytes || "0")) : "--" }
 
-          InfoLabel { text: "IP Address" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("IP Address") }
           DetailValue {
             text: root.info.ip || "--"
             copyable: !!root.info.ip
-            tooltipText: "Copy IP"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Copy IP")
           }
-          InfoLabel { text: "Gateway" }
+          InfoLabel { text: I18n.tr("Gateway") }
           DetailValue {
             text: root.info.gateway || "--"
             copyable: !!root.info.gateway
-            tooltipText: "Copy gateway"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Copy gateway")
           }
         }
       }
@@ -1482,7 +1486,7 @@ Panel {
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
               id: bandAutoLabel
-              text: "AUTOMATIC"
+              text: I18n.tr("AUTOMATIC")
               foreground: root.bar.foreground
               fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
               anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
@@ -1515,8 +1519,8 @@ Panel {
               PanelToolTip {
                 visible: bandAutoSwitch.containsMouse
                 text: root.bandPinned
-                  ? "Let Wi-Fi pick the band"
-                  : "Stay on " + root.bandLabel(root.bandCurrent)
+                  ? I18n.tr("Let Wi-Fi pick the band")
+                  : I18n.tr("Stay on %1", root.bandLabel(root.bandCurrent))
                 fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
               }
             }
@@ -1587,7 +1591,7 @@ Panel {
         spacing: Style.space(10)
 
         PanelSectionHeader {
-          text: "DNS PROVIDER"
+          text: I18n.tr("DNS PROVIDER")
           foreground: root.bar.foreground
           fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
         }
@@ -1603,7 +1607,7 @@ Panel {
           DnsProviderPill {
             provider: "DHCP"
             index: 0
-            tooltipText: "Use DNS from DHCP"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Use DNS from DHCP")
             width: dnsRow.cellWidth
             onClicked: root.setDns(provider)
           }
@@ -1611,7 +1615,7 @@ Panel {
           DnsProviderPill {
             provider: "Cloudflare"
             index: 1
-            tooltipText: "Set DNS to Cloudflare"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Set DNS to %1", "Cloudflare")
             width: dnsRow.cellWidth
             onClicked: root.setDns(provider)
           }
@@ -1619,7 +1623,7 @@ Panel {
           DnsProviderPill {
             provider: "Google"
             index: 2
-            tooltipText: "Set DNS to Google"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Set DNS to %1", "Google")
             width: dnsRow.cellWidth
             onClicked: root.setDns(provider)
           }
@@ -1627,7 +1631,7 @@ Panel {
           DnsProviderPill {
             provider: "Custom"
             index: 3
-            tooltipText: "Set custom DNS servers"
+            tooltipText: I18n.tr("Set custom DNS servers")
             width: dnsRow.cellWidth
             onClicked: root.setDns(provider)
           }
@@ -1643,7 +1647,7 @@ Panel {
 
       PanelSectionHeader {
         visible: root.wifiStationAvailable && root.scanning
-        text: "SCANNING WI-FI…"
+        text: I18n.tr("SCANNING WI-FI…")
         foreground: root.bar.foreground
         fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
       }
@@ -1746,7 +1750,7 @@ Panel {
     required property string provider
     required property int index
 
-    text: provider
+    text: I18n.tr(provider)
     fontSize: Style.font.bodySmall
     foreground: root.bar.foreground
     fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
@@ -1829,12 +1833,12 @@ Panel {
     readonly property string statusText: {
       if (!net) return ""
       if (isPasswordOpen) return ""
-      if (isBusy && root.actionKind === "connect") return "Connecting…"
-      if (isBusy && root.actionKind === "disconnect") return "Disconnecting…"
-      if (isBusy && root.actionKind === "forget") return "Forgetting…"
-      if (isFailed) return root.failureReason || "Failed"
-      if (isConnected && root.kind === "wifi" && root.hasCaptivePortal) return "Sign-in required"
-      if (isConnected) return "Connected"
+      if (isBusy && root.actionKind === "connect") return I18n.tr("Connecting…")
+      if (isBusy && root.actionKind === "disconnect") return I18n.tr("Disconnecting…")
+      if (isBusy && root.actionKind === "forget") return I18n.tr("Forgetting…")
+      if (isFailed) return root.failureReason || I18n.tr("Failed")
+      if (isConnected && root.kind === "wifi" && root.hasCaptivePortal) return I18n.tr("Sign-in required")
+      if (isConnected) return I18n.tr("Connected")
       return ""
     }
 
@@ -1951,7 +1955,7 @@ Panel {
 
         PanelToolTip {
           visible: rightMouse.containsMouse || row.forgetFocused
-          text: "Forget network"
+          text: I18n.tr("Forget network")
           fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
         }
       }
@@ -1967,7 +1971,7 @@ Panel {
 
         Text {
           textFormat: Text.PlainText
-          text: row.net ? (row.net.ssid || "Hidden") : ""
+          text: row.net ? (row.net.ssid || I18n.tr("Hidden")) : ""
           color: root.bar.foreground
           font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -2027,7 +2031,7 @@ Panel {
         anchors.right: connectPwBtn.left
         anchors.top: parent.top
         anchors.rightMargin: Style.space(6)
-        placeholderText: "Identity (user@domain)"
+        placeholderText: I18n.tr("Identity (user@domain)")
         font.family: Style.font.family
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
         foreground: root.bar.foreground
@@ -2053,7 +2057,7 @@ Panel {
         anchors.bottomMargin: Style.spacing.rowGap / 2
         anchors.rightMargin: Style.space(6)
         password: true
-        placeholderText: "Passphrase"
+        placeholderText: I18n.tr("Passphrase")
         font.family: Style.font.family
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
         foreground: root.bar.foreground
@@ -2086,7 +2090,7 @@ Panel {
           anchors.fill: parent
           horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
           verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
-          text: row.isFailed ? "Wrong password" : "Connecting..."
+          text: row.isFailed ? I18n.tr("Wrong password") : I18n.tr("Connecting...")
           color: row.isFailed ? root.bar.urgent : root.bar.foreground
           font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -2103,7 +2107,7 @@ Panel {
         anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
         enabled: row.net && pwField.text.length > 0 && (!row.isEnterprise || idField.text.length > 0)
         iconText: "󰄬"
-        tooltipText: "Connect"
+        tooltipText: I18n.tr("Connect")
         foreground: root.bar.foreground
         fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
         onClicked: row.submitCredentials()
@@ -2114,7 +2118,7 @@ Panel {
 
   component DetailValue: InfoValue {
     property bool copyable: false
-    property string tooltipText: "Copy to clipboard"
+    property string tooltipText: I18n.tr("Copy to clipboard")
 
     Layout.fillWidth: true
     horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignRight

shell/plugins/panels/power/Panel.qml

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Panel {
 
   function modeLabel() {
     var device = UPower.displayDevice
-    return Model.modeLabel(device, root.discharging, upowerStates())
+    return I18n.tr(Model.modeLabel(device, root.discharging, upowerStates()))
   }
 
   function profileIcon(name) {
@@ -94,26 +94,26 @@ Panel {
   // Cute agent-flavored phrases shown in the hero status line, rotated on a
   // timer so the panel feels alive when current is flowing (either direction).
   readonly property var chargingPhrases: [
-    "Pumping power",
-    "Injecting electrons",
-    "Pouring juice",
-    "Amassing watts",
-    "Hoarding joules",
-    "Sucking volts",
-    "Topping reserves",
-    "Soaking amps",
-    "Inhaling kilowatts"
+    I18n.tr("Pumping power"),
+    I18n.tr("Injecting electrons"),
+    I18n.tr("Pouring juice"),
+    I18n.tr("Amassing watts"),
+    I18n.tr("Hoarding joules"),
+    I18n.tr("Sucking volts"),
+    I18n.tr("Topping reserves"),
+    I18n.tr("Soaking amps"),
+    I18n.tr("Inhaling kilowatts")
   ]
   readonly property var onBatteryPhrases: [
-    "Slurping power",
-    "Spending joules",
-    "Draining watts",
-    "Burning electrons",
-    "Sipping juice",
-    "Spending coulombs",
-    "Bleeding amps",
-    "Guzzling volts",
-    "Munching reserves"
+    I18n.tr("Slurping power"),
+    I18n.tr("Spending joules"),
+    I18n.tr("Draining watts"),
+    I18n.tr("Burning electrons"),
+    I18n.tr("Sipping juice"),
+    I18n.tr("Spending coulombs"),
+    I18n.tr("Bleeding amps"),
+    I18n.tr("Guzzling volts"),
+    I18n.tr("Munching reserves")
   ]
   property int phraseIndex: 0
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ Panel {
   readonly property bool rotatingPhrases: activePhrases.length > 0
 
   readonly property string heroStatusText: {
-    if (fullyCharged) return "Fully charged"
+    if (fullyCharged) return I18n.tr("Fully charged")
     if (rotatingPhrases) return activePhrases[phraseIndex % activePhrases.length]
     return modeLabel()
   }
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(2)
 
             Text {
-              text: "Battery"
+              text: I18n.tr("Battery")
               color: root.bar.foreground
               font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
               font.pixelSize: Style.font.title
@@ -433,20 +433,20 @@ Panel {
           Column {
             width: (parent.width - parent.spacing) / 2
             spacing: Style.spacing.labelGap
-            InfoPair { label: "Battery size"; value: root.batteryInfo.size || "" }
-            InfoPair { label: "Charge cycles"; value: root.batteryInfo.cycles || "—" }
+            InfoPair { label: I18n.tr("Battery size"); value: root.batteryInfo.size || "" }
+            InfoPair { label: I18n.tr("Charge cycles"); value: root.batteryInfo.cycles || "—" }
           }
 
           Column {
             width: (parent.width - parent.spacing) / 2
             spacing: Style.spacing.labelGap
             InfoPair {
-              label: root.chargeThresholdActive ? "Charge limit" : (root.discharging ? "Time left" : "Time to full")
+              label: root.chargeThresholdActive ? I18n.tr("Charge limit") : (root.discharging ? I18n.tr("Time left") : I18n.tr("Time to full"))
               value: root.chargeThresholdActive ? (root.batteryInfo.threshold || "-") : (root.batteryFlowIdle ? "-" : (root.batteryInfo.time || "—"))
             }
             InfoPair {
-              label: root.chargeThresholdActive ? "Battery state" : (root.discharging ? "Discharging" : "Charging")
-              value: root.chargeThresholdActive ? "Holding" : (root.batteryFull ? "-" : (root.batteryInfo.rate || ""))
+              label: root.chargeThresholdActive ? I18n.tr("Battery state") : (root.discharging ? I18n.tr("Discharging") : I18n.tr("Charging"))
+              value: root.chargeThresholdActive ? I18n.tr("Holding") : (root.batteryFull ? "-" : (root.batteryInfo.rate || ""))
             }
           }
         }
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ Panel {
           spacing: Style.space(10)
 
           PanelSectionHeader {
-            text: "POWER PROFILE"
+            text: I18n.tr("POWER PROFILE")
             foreground: root.bar.foreground
             fontFamily: root.bar.fontFamily
           }

shell/plugins/panels/speedtest/Panel.qml

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ Item {
       }
 
       if (!root.expectedStop && exitCode !== 0) {
-        root.error = root.stderrText || "Speed test failed"
+        root.error = root.stderrText || I18n.tr("Speed test failed")
         root.phase = ""
         root.running = false
         return
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Item {
       onStreamFinished: {
         var fields = String(text || "").trim().split("\t")
         if (fields[0] === "wifi") root.connectionName = fields[1] || "Wi-Fi"
-        else if (fields[0] === "ethernet") root.connectionName = "Ethernet"
+        else if (fields[0] === "ethernet") root.connectionName = I18n.tr("Ethernet")
       }
     }
   }
@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ Item {
     fontFamily: Style.font.family
     layerNamespace: "omarchy-network-speedtest"
     title: root.connectionName
-    leftLabel: "DOWNLOAD"
-    rightLabel: "UPLOAD"
-    runAgainTooltip: "Measure again via fast.com"
+    leftLabel: I18n.tr("DOWNLOAD")
+    rightLabel: I18n.tr("UPLOAD")
+    runAgainTooltip: I18n.tr("Measure again via fast.com")
     running: root.running
     leftValue: root.downloadValue
     rightValue: root.uploadValue

shell/plugins/panels/tailscale/Panel.qml

@@ -24,16 +24,16 @@ Panel {
   property string mullvadQuery: ""
   property int phraseIndex: 0
   readonly property var activePhrases: [
-    "Encrypting connections",
-    "Sending secrets",
-    "Guarding wires",
-    "Braiding packets",
-    "Polishing tunnels",
-    "Hiding routes",
-    "Sealing ports",
-    "Sorting tailnets",
-    "Shuffling keys",
-    "Watching machines"
+    I18n.tr("Encrypting connections"),
+    I18n.tr("Sending secrets"),
+    I18n.tr("Guarding wires"),
+    I18n.tr("Braiding packets"),
+    I18n.tr("Polishing tunnels"),
+    I18n.tr("Hiding routes"),
+    I18n.tr("Sealing ports"),
+    I18n.tr("Sorting tailnets"),
+    I18n.tr("Shuffling keys"),
+    I18n.tr("Watching machines")
   ]
   readonly property string heroPhraseText: activePhrases[phraseIndex % activePhrases.length]
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Panel {
   // "header" stays navigable, but an absent CLI leaves nothing to highlight.
   readonly property bool headerHasCursor: cursorActive && focusSection === "header" && tailscale.installed
   readonly property color iconColor: tailscale.active ? foreground : dim
-  readonly property string toggleHint: tailscale.active ? "Turn Tailscale off" : (tailscale.needsLogin ? "Authorize this device" : "Turn Tailscale on")
+  readonly property string toggleHint: tailscale.active ? I18n.tr("Turn Tailscale off") : (tailscale.needsLogin ? I18n.tr("Authorize this device") : I18n.tr("Turn Tailscale on"))
   readonly property color barIconColor: tailscale.active ? barForeground : Qt.darker(barForeground, 1.55)
   readonly property color hoverFill: bar ? Style.hoverFillFor(bar.foreground, Color.accent) : "transparent"
   readonly property color selectedFill: bar ? Style.selectedFillFor(bar.foreground, Color.accent) : "transparent"
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Panel {
     var nodes = []
     for (var i = 0; i < tailscale.tailnetExitNodes.length; i++) nodes.push(tailscale.tailnetExitNodes[i])
     for (var j = 0; j < recentMullvadExitNodes.length; j++) nodes.push(recentMullvadExitNodes[j])
-    if (tailscale.mullvadRegions.length > 0) nodes.push({ id: "mullvad:add", AddMullvad: true, DisplayName: "Choose Mullvad region" })
+    if (tailscale.mullvadRegions.length > 0) nodes.push({ id: "mullvad:add", AddMullvad: true, DisplayName: I18n.tr("Choose Mullvad region") })
     return nodes
   }
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Panel {
   }
 
   function mullvadRegionTitle(peer) {
-    if (!peer) return "Unknown"
+    if (!peer) return I18n.tr("Unknown")
     var city = String(peer.City || "").trim()
     var country = String(peer.Country || "").trim()
     if (city === "" || city === "Any") return country || String(peer.DisplayName || "Unknown")
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ Panel {
               id: hero
               width: parent.width
               title: tailscale.installed ? (tailscale.selfName || "Tailscale") : "Tailscale"
-              meta: tailscale.active ? root.heroPhraseText : "Tailscale is disconnected"
+              meta: tailscale.active ? root.heroPhraseText : I18n.tr("Tailscale is disconnected")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
               iconOpacity: tailscale.active ? 1.0 : 0.5
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ Panel {
             textFormat: Text.PlainText
             visible: tailscale.actionStatus !== "" || tailscale.lastError !== ""
             width: parent.width
-            text: tailscale.actionStatus !== "" ? tailscale.actionStatus : tailscale.lastError
+            text: I18n.tr(tailscale.actionStatus !== "" ? tailscale.actionStatus : tailscale.lastError)
             color: tailscale.lastError !== "" && tailscale.actionStatus === "" ? root.urgent : root.dim
             font.family: root.fontFamily
             font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ Panel {
               anchors.right: parent.right
               anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
               anchors.margins: Style.space(12)
-              text: "Tailscale CLI is not installed or not on PATH."
+              text: I18n.tr("Tailscale CLI is not installed or not on PATH.")
               color: root.dim
               font.family: root.fontFamily
               font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(10)
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "CONNECTIONS"
+              text: I18n.tr("CONNECTIONS")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
             }
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(10)
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "EXIT NODES"
+              text: I18n.tr("EXIT NODES")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
             }
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ Panel {
                   id: mullvadSearch
                   width: parent.width
                   foreground: root.foreground
-                  placeholderText: "Search regions"
+                  placeholderText: I18n.tr("Search regions")
                   text: root.mullvadQuery
                   onTextChanged: {
                     root.mullvadQuery = text
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ Panel {
                 Text {
                   visible: root.filteredMullvadRegions.length === 0
                   width: parent.width
-                  text: "No Mullvad regions found."
+                  text: I18n.tr("No Mullvad regions found.")
                   color: root.dim
                   font.family: root.fontFamily
                   font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ Panel {
             spacing: Style.space(10)
 
             PanelSectionHeader {
-              text: "MACHINES"
+              text: I18n.tr("MACHINES")
               foreground: root.foreground
               fontFamily: root.fontFamily
             }
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ Panel {
             Text {
               visible: tailscale.installed && tailscale.active && tailscale.peers.length === 0
               width: parent.width
-              text: "No machines found on this tailnet."
+              text: I18n.tr("No machines found on this tailnet.")
               color: root.dim
               font.family: root.fontFamily
               font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ Panel {
 
         Text {
           Layout.fillWidth: true
-          text: "Authorize Tailscale operator"
+          text: I18n.tr("Authorize Tailscale operator")
           color: root.foreground
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.body
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ Panel {
 
         Text {
           Layout.fillWidth: true
-          text: "Allow this user to operate this Tailscale profile"
+          text: I18n.tr("Allow this user to operate this Tailscale profile")
           color: root.dim
           font.family: root.fontFamily
           font.pixelSize: Style.font.caption
@@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ Panel {
     property int rowIndex: 0
     readonly property bool selectedAccount: account && account.selected === true
     readonly property bool switchingAccount: account && tailscale.switchingAccountId === String(account.id || "")
-    readonly property string accountText: account ? tailscale.accountLabel(account) : "Account"
+    readonly property string accountText: account ? tailscale.accountLabel(account) : I18n.tr("Account")
 
     hasCursor: root.cursorActive && root.focusSection === "accounts" && root.accountIndex === rowIndex
     current: selectedAccount
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ Panel {
     id: peerRow
     property var peer: null
     property int rowIndex: 0
-    readonly property string peerName: peer ? String(peer.DisplayName || peer.HostName || "Unknown") : "Unknown"
+    readonly property string peerName: peer ? String(peer.DisplayName || peer.HostName || I18n.tr("Unknown")) : I18n.tr("Unknown")
     readonly property string peerIp: peer && peer.TailscaleIPs && peer.TailscaleIPs.length > 0 ? String(peer.TailscaleIPs[0]) : ""
     readonly property string peerIpv6: {
       if (!peer || !peer.TailscaleIPv6 || peer.TailscaleIPv6.length === 0) return ""
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ Panel {
         id: sendButton
         visible: tailscale.canSendFiles(peerRow.peer)
         iconText: "󰒊"
-        tooltipText: "Send files"
+        tooltipText: I18n.tr("Send files")
         foreground: root.foreground
         fontFamily: root.fontFamily
         Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignVCenter
@@ -1118,8 +1118,8 @@ Panel {
     readonly property bool addMullvad: peer && peer.AddMullvad === true
     readonly property bool activeExitNode: peer && peer.ExitNode === true
     readonly property bool settingExitNode: peer && tailscale.settingExitNodeId === String(peer.id || "")
-    readonly property string peerName: peer ? String(peer.DisplayName || peer.HostName || "Unknown") : "Unknown"
-    readonly property string actionTooltip: addMullvad ? "" : (activeExitNode ? "Disconnect" : "Connect")
+    readonly property string peerName: peer ? String(peer.DisplayName || peer.HostName || I18n.tr("Unknown")) : I18n.tr("Unknown")
+    readonly property string actionTooltip: addMullvad ? "" : (activeExitNode ? I18n.tr("Disconnect") : I18n.tr("Connect"))
 
     hasCursor: root.cursorActive && root.focusSection === "exitNodes" && root.exitNodeIndex === rowIndex
     current: activeExitNode || settingExitNode || (addMullvad && root.mullvadPickerOpen)
@@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@ Panel {
     readonly property bool activeExitNode: peer && peer.ExitNode === true
     readonly property bool settingExitNode: peer && tailscale.settingExitNodeId === String(peer.id || "")
     readonly property bool selectedRegion: root.mullvadPickerOpen && root.mullvadRegionIndex === rowIndex
-    readonly property string actionTooltip: activeExitNode ? "Disconnect" : "Connect"
+    readonly property string actionTooltip: activeExitNode ? I18n.tr("Disconnect") : I18n.tr("Connect")
 
     foreground: root.foreground
     fill: root.hoverFill

shell/plugins/panels/weather/Panel.qml

@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ Panel {
               id: locationField
               width: Style.space(190)
               enabled: !root.savingLocation
-              placeholderText: "Search city"
+              placeholderText: I18n.tr("Search city")
               foreground: root.bar.foreground
               font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
 
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ Panel {
             Column {
               spacing: Style.space(5)
               Text {
-                text: "FEELS"
+                text: I18n.tr("FEELS")
                 color: Qt.darker(root.bar.foreground, 1.5)
                 font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ Panel {
             Column {
               spacing: Style.space(5)
               Text {
-                text: "WIND"
+                text: I18n.tr("WIND")
                 color: Qt.darker(root.bar.foreground, 1.5)
                 font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@ Panel {
             Column {
               spacing: Style.space(5)
               Text {
-                text: "HUMID"
+                text: I18n.tr("HUMID")
                 color: Qt.darker(root.bar.foreground, 1.5)
                 font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
                 font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ Panel {
 
       Text {
         visible: !root.current
-        text: "Fetching forecast…"
+        text: I18n.tr("Fetching forecast…")
         color: Qt.darker(root.bar.foreground, 1.5)
         font.family: root.bar.fontFamily
         font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall

shell/plugins/panels/wifiqr/Panel.qml

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ Item {
       if (exitCode !== 0 || root.qrSize === 0) {
         root.qrSize = 0
         root.qrRows = []
-        if (root.error === "") root.error = "Could not generate the Wi-Fi QR code"
+        if (root.error === "") root.error = I18n.tr("Could not generate the Wi-Fi QR code")
       }
     }
   }
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ Item {
       if (root.pwExpectedStop) return
       if (!root.opened) return
       if (exitCode === 0 && root.password !== "") root.passwordVisible = true
-      else root.passwordError = "Could not read the Wi-Fi password"
+      else root.passwordError = I18n.tr("Could not read the Wi-Fi password")
     }
   }
 
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ Item {
 
           Text {
             visible: root.loading
-            text: "Generating QR code…"
+            text: I18n.tr("Generating QR code…")
             color: root.onScrimDim
             font.family: root.fontFamily
             font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ Item {
 
           Text {
             visible: root.showingQr
-            text: "Scan to join this network"
+            text: I18n.tr("Scan to join this network")
             color: root.onScrimDim
             font.family: root.fontFamily
             font.pixelSize: Style.font.bodySmall
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ Item {
             visible: root.showingQr && root.secured
             text: root.passwordError !== "" ? root.passwordError
               : root.passwordVisible ? root.password
-              : "Show password"
+              : I18n.tr("Show password")
             color: root.passwordError !== "" ? root.onScrimUrgent : root.onScrim
             opacity: root.passwordVisible || root.passwordError !== "" ? 1 : 0.6
             font.family: root.fontFamily

shell/plugins/polkit/PolkitAgent.qml

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Item {
     var flow = polkitAgent.flow
     if (!flow) return
 
-    currentMessage = String(flow.message || "Authentication is needed...")
+    currentMessage = String(flow.message || I18n.tr("Authentication is needed..."))
     currentPrompt = String(flow.inputPrompt || "")
     currentSupplementary = String(flow.supplementaryMessage || "")
     responseRequired = !!flow.isResponseRequired
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ Item {
             anchors.left: parent.left
             anchors.right: parent.right
             anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
-            text: root.errorFlash ? "Wrong" : (root.submitted ? "Checking..." : "Enter password")
+            text: root.errorFlash ? I18n.tr("Wrong") : (root.submitted ? I18n.tr("Checking...") : I18n.tr("Enter password"))
             color: root.errorFlash ? Color.polkit.textError : root.foreground
             opacity: root.errorFlash ? 1 : 0.36
             font.family: root.fontFamily

shell/plugins/reminders/ReminderFlow.qml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Item {
   property int headerHeight: Math.max(Style.space(34), Style.font.title + Style.spacing.controlPaddingY * 2)
   property int cardWidth: Math.min(Style.space(300), panel.width - Style.gapsOut * 2)
   property int cardHeight: Math.min(contentMargin * 2 + headerHeight, panel.height - Style.gapsOut * 2)
-  readonly property string promptText: root.step === "message" ? "Reminder message" : "Remind in minutes"
+  readonly property string promptText: root.step === "message" ? I18n.tr("Reminder message") : I18n.tr("Remind in minutes")
 
   function open(payloadJson) {
     var payload = ({})

shell/plugins/services/media/Service.qml

@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ Item {
         handled = true
       }
     } else if (action === "playPause") {
-      actionLabel = player && player.isPlaying ? "Pause" : "Play"
+      actionLabel = player && player.isPlaying ? I18n.tr("Pause") : I18n.tr("Play")
       iconName = player && player.isPlaying ? "media-pause" : "media-play"
       if (player && player.isPlaying && player.canPause) {
         player.pause()

test/shell.d/clock-test.sh

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ assert(/readonly property int lifeExpectancy: Model\.parseLifeExpectancy\(settin
 assert(/id: expectancyField/.test(panelSource) && /id: bornField/.test(panelSource), 'calendar offers both inputs')
 assert(/visible: root\.editingLife\s*\n\s*anchors\.horizontalCenter: parent\.horizontalCenter/.test(panelSource), 'calendar centers the inputs over the bar they replace')
 assert(/visible: root\.birthYear > 0/.test(panelSource), 'calendar hides the life bar until a birth year is known')
-assert(/text: "LIFE"/.test(panelSource) && /root\.lifeDone/.test(panelSource), 'calendar shows the life bar')
+assert(/text: I18n\.tr\("LIFE"\)/.test(panelSource) && /root\.lifeDone/.test(panelSource), 'calendar shows the life bar')
 assert(/text: "Memento Mori"/.test(panelSource), 'calendar names the life bar on hover')
 assert(/onDoubleTapped: root\.clearLife\(\)/.test(panelSource), 'calendar puts the life bar away when it is double-tapped')
 assert(/persistSettings\(\{ birthYear: 0 \}\)/.test(panelSource), 'calendar clears the birth year to hide the life bar')

test/shell.d/menu-locale-test.sh

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ console.log('ok - Chinese labels replace only the label, and user extensions sti
 JS
 
 grep -qF 'root.localeMenuItems.concat(root.userMenuItems)' "$ROOT/shell/plugins/menu/Menu.qml" &&
-  grep -qF 'startsWith("zh_CN") ? omarchyPath + "/default/omarchy/omarchy-menu.zh-cn.jsonc"' "$ROOT/shell/plugins/menu/Menu.qml" ||
+  grep -qF 'I18n.chinese ? omarchyPath + "/default/omarchy/omarchy-menu.zh-cn.jsonc"' "$ROOT/shell/plugins/menu/Menu.qml" &&
+  grep -qF 'var chinese = Qt.locale().name.indexOf("zh_CN") === 0' "$ROOT/shell/Commons/Tr.js" ||
   fail "the menu loads the Chinese overlay under zh_CN, beneath the user extension"
 pass "the menu loads the Chinese overlay under zh_CN, beneath the user extension"

test/shell.d/notifications-test.sh

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ assertEqual(
 // belongs in the logic module, where the strip runs after it.
 const cardQml = fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, 'shell/plugins/notifications/components/NotificationCard.qml'), 'utf8')
 assert(
-  /readonly property string styledBody: NotificationLogic\.styledBody\(body, app, appIcon\)/.test(cardQml),
+  /readonly property string styledBody: NotificationLogic\.styledBody\(I18n\.tr\(body\), app, appIcon\)/.test(cardQml),
   'the notification card renders the body that was stripped after the newline rewrite'
 )
 assert(

test/shell.d/shell-i18n-test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+source "$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)/base-test.sh"
+
+run_node_test <<'JS'
+const fs = require('fs')
+const vm = require('vm')
+
+const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(root, 'shell/Commons/I18nZh.js'), 'utf8').replace('.pragma library', '')
+const context = {}
+vm.runInNewContext(source + '\nthis.table = table', context)
+const table = context.table
+
+const files = []
+const walk = dir => {
+  for (const entry of fs.readdirSync(dir, { withFileTypes: true })) {
+    const full = path.join(dir, entry.name)
+    if (entry.isDirectory()) walk(full)
+    else if (/\.(qml|js)$/.test(entry.name)) files.push(full)
+  }
+}
+walk(path.join(root, 'shell'))
+
+const missing = []
+let calls = 0
+for (const file of files) {
+  const text = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8')
+  for (const match of text.matchAll(/I18n\.tr\(\s*"((?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"/g)) {
+    calls++
+    const key = JSON.parse('"' + match[1] + '"')
+    if (!(key in table)) missing.push(`${path.relative(root, file)}: ${key}`)
+  }
+}
+assert(calls > 300, 'the shell routes its text through I18n.tr', `found ${calls} calls`)
+assert(missing.length === 0, 'every I18n.tr text has a Chinese entry', missing.join('\n'))
+
+const placeholders = s => (s.match(/%\d/g) || []).sort().join(',')
+const mismatched = Object.keys(table).filter(key => placeholders(key) !== placeholders(table[key]))
+assert(mismatched.length === 0, 'every Chinese entry keeps its English placeholders', mismatched.join('\n'))
+JS